Techniques for coping with critical essay questions when writing for the college entrance examination

"Old Summer Palace Animal Head Auction", "Celebrity Endorsement" in the Liaoning Volume, "I Talk about Post-90s" in the Tianjin Volume, "Short Reading" in the 2010 National Volume, "China's Rise" in the 2011 National Volume, "Gao Xiaosong Drunk Driving" in the Liaoning Volume The test questions such as "Case" are all "current commentary" essay questions, which have won unanimous praise from teachers, students and public opinion across the country. Therefore, this type of essay questions has a trend of increasing year by year.

A Guide to Question Types

"Current Commentary" refers to special argumentative essays that comment on society and current affairs. Current commentary essay questions mainly use hot topics of social concern as question materials, requiring candidates to express their views on a certain phenomenon or event in social life and elaborate on their opinions. It is intended to guide candidates to pay attention to and think about real life, keep up with the pulse of the times, and express their true feelings. sense of reality and enhance the sense of social responsibility. The materials given in this type of essay questions can be divided into positive materials, negative materials and controversial materials. The following introduces basic writing ideas for different materials.

Positive materials

Classic examples

Read the following materials. Contact Niuhuo Reality. Write an article of more than 800 words.

The teacher led the students to participate in labor at the construction site and saw a slogan hanging on the scaffolding: "A century-old plan, quality first." The teacher asked the students: "What do these eight words mean? What can be learned from them What inspiration? ”

How do you feel after reading the above materials? Please choose your own angle, style, and title. Do not compose outside the scope of the content and meaning of the materials, do not copy, and do not plagiarize.

The title material is positive material and can be written as a general argumentative essay. The writing ideas can basically be summarized as follows:

The first step: quote the material and present the phenomenon. (Quoted materials)

Step 2: Extract viewpoints from the phenomenon. (Raise a point of view)

Step 3: Analyze and demonstrate the point of view. Reminder: Connect with reality and use a variety of argumentation methods around the argument. (Argument based on reality)

Step 4: Summarize the full text and put forward suggestions. (Summary of the full text)

The following writing outline can be listed for this idea:

"Introduction" - seeing the slogan "A century-old plan, quality first" hanging on the construction site, (described Materials) After thinking deeply, admiration arises spontaneously. (Bright point of view)

"Discussion" - this is not a simple slogan, it contains rich content. (Analysis material) It is based on reality, looks to the future, connects people's current work with great causes that benefit future generations, and gives far-reaching meaning to ordinary work. (Broaden it slightly to connect it with the actual version below)

"Lian" - In fact, it is not only quality that matters in architecture, but also quality in education. Students are the future of the motherland. Since they have little experience and poor ability to distinguish right from wrong, while focusing on the quality of teaching, we must not ignore the education of ideas, educate people, and put quality first. (Contact teachers, students, and schools to discuss)

"Knot" - cultivating talents is the foundation of the country, and cultivating talents with good moral cultivation is a thousand-year plan. Only by educating people and focusing on quality can the socialist building stand tall forever. (Summarize the whole article, simply and without digressing; refer to the material, concisely without repetition)

Negative materials

Classic examples

Read the following materials and connect them with life Actually, write an article of more than 800 words. According to a report by Chongqing Morning News on March 12, 2012, Ms. Liu Ximei, who lives in Hebei Province, came to Chongqing 10 times in three years with only one purpose - to persuade her son to return to his hometown in Hebei Province and get an "iron rice bowl" in a state-owned enterprise. (College Entrance Examination Essay) The 27-year-old son Ran Jiexi (pseudonym) escaped many times under the "torsions" of his mother. He broke up with his girlfriend, quit his job, and turned off his mobile phone. He has only one idea - to live in his own way...

After reading the above materials, how do you feel? Please choose the right angle, choose your own style, and make up your own title. Do not compose within the scope of the content and meaning of the materials. Don't copy or plagiarize.

Judging from the word "tossing", the mother's approach is obviously wrong, so it is a negative material. The text can be written using the structural pattern of breaking first and then establishing:

First Step 1: Start by quoting news reports from newspapers and periodicals. (Abbreviated) The second step is to briefly analyze the report as a transition. (Abbreviated)

The third step is to analyze the news from multiple angles and analyze the mistakes of the "mother" approach. (Write in detail)

The fourth step is to contact similar phenomena in society and discover the root causes behind the phenomena. (Write in detail)

The fifth step is to finally put forward a number of "rational suggestions" to solve the problem from multiple levels. (Write in detail) In this argument structure, the first three steps are "breaking" and the last two steps are "establishing". This structure can be interpreted as follows:

"Broken" - talking about "it is good for him to join a state-owned enterprise" "It's better to stay in Chongqing" actually does not necessarily have anything to do with "him". We are just putting ourselves into that situation and making choices. And what does the real "he" think? You are not a fish, you know how happy fish is. People's happiness does not only depend on stability, income, family affection...choices can also make people happy. Only when you have choices can you have confidence and live energetically.

"Li" - A life without examination is of no value. If you cannot examine your own life and make decisions, you will feel boring even if you live smoothly under the arrangements of others. So sometimes, the child's disobedience is not against the way arranged by the parents, but against the arrangement itself. Children are not accessories of their parents. We should confidently live our own wonderful lives without feeling guilty about not being an accessory to our parents. Of course, parents should also live their own wonderful lives and not pin everything on their children. After Yang Yuanyuan was admitted to college in 20XX, Yang Yuanyuan's mother "tied" herself and her child together, living in Yang Yuanyuan's dormitory, eating in Yang Yuanyuan's cafeteria, and controlling all Yang Yuanyuan's activities. Yang Yuanyuan became a shell unable to act according to his own consciousness, and finally ended his life by committing suicide.

The little bird is in the cage, has food and drink, and doesn’t have to worry about wind and rain, but it still longs for the sky. Isn't that true for people? Give your child a free sky. This is respect for your child and responsibility for your child's life!

Controversial materials

Classic examples

Read the following materials and write an article of no less than 800 words as required.

As a hero in the fight against counterfeiting, Fang Zhouzi has exposed many cases of fraud in science, education, journalism and other fields in recent years. For example, it was exposed that professor Xiao Chuanguo had falsified academic qualifications, and that working emperors Tang Jun and Li Kaifu had falsified their academic qualifications. Recently, Fang Zhouzi caused a stir by questioning that some of Han Han's works may have been ghostwritten by his father. But at the same time, he is a representative figure who opposes traditional Chinese medicine and a staunch supporter of the commercialization of genetically modified foods. Regarding his behavior, some people think that he makes trouble out of nothing and is purely insane; some think that he likes to throw out weird theories, which is another form of self-promotion; some think that he is like Don Quixote fighting windmills; still others think that he It was the riding crop that U.S. President Lincoln saw as a whip that could stimulate horses to run energetically and quickly.

What are your thoughts and insights on the above materials? Requirements: Choose a good angle, determine the concept, clarify the style of writing, and prepare your own title; do not compose outside the scope of the content and meaning of the material, do not copy, and do not plagiarize. Regarding Fang Zhouzi’s anti-counterfeiting incident, it can be said that benevolent people have different opinions and wise people have different opinions. Therefore, this question is a typical topic for commentaries on controversial materials. The writing mode of this type of essay can be summarized as follows:

The first step is to open the article. Quote news reports from newspapers and periodicals. (abbreviated)

The second step is to briefly analyze the report as a transition, (abbreviated)

The third step is to choose an angle to analyze and interpret, and put forward your own opinions. You can agree or disagree, or you can analyze it dialectically. (Write in detail)

The fourth step is to demonstrate your point of view by connecting with similar phenomena in society. (Write in detail)

The fifth step is to put forward a number of "rational suggestions" to solve the problem from multiple levels and summarize the full text.

(Write in detail)

According to the above ideas, the following interpretation can be made:

Agree with Fang Zhouzi’s crackdown on counterfeiting: the doubters are not a group of spoilers who act blindly and do not cherish their own credibility, but come from Relevant personnel from all walks of life, in addition to Maitian and the well-known Fang Zhouzi, there are also literary translators, senior publishers, literature professors, historians, political scientists, media people with rich interview experience and a group of folk experts. Using credibility as a bargaining chip and making a judgment after research, this is a fair debate that is consistent with game rationality. As the saying goes, true gold is not afraid of fire. As long as Han Han does not plagiarize, why should he care about Fang Zhouzi?

Objection to Fang Zhouzi’s excessive crackdown on counterfeiting: In the Chinese Internet community, Fang Zhouzi is a legend. For more than ten years, he has made remarkable achievements almost single-handedly in combating academic fraud, combating pseudoscience, combating feudal superstition, combating celebrity fraud, and even exposing the misconduct of senior administrative officials. He has made great contributions to society. large, and its influence is increasing day by day. In hundreds of debates, Fang Zhouzi's scientific literacy and critical thinking ability can be regarded as a role model for young people.

However, can Fang Zhouzi really not make mistakes, or even make big mistakes? For example, on the impact of the practice of traditional Chinese medicine on the invention of artemisinin, he and Professor Rao Yi, the dean of life sciences at Peking University whom he admired, had different views. Fang Zhouzi held a completely negative view, while Rao Yi recognized the practice of traditional Chinese medicine. role. Regarding the development prospects of traditional Chinese medicine, Fang Zhouzi also basically held a negative attitude, but Rao Yi said that "China's domestic and international research on traditional Chinese medicine may bring traditional Chinese medicine into a new era and save more people's lives.

< p> Life". Judging from Rao Yi's article "Monument of the Scientific Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine", his views on the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine may be more correct, while Fang Zhouzi's seems a bit extreme. Some things need to be taken seriously, but being too truthful, picky, and nit-picking seems too arbitrary and gives people the impression of self-hype. Fang Zhouzi, maybe you are really wrong this time!

Misunderstanding warning

1. Commentary must be based on the facts. The so-called talking about things is to express one's views on something or a certain phenomenon clearly, whether it is praise or derogation, criticism or praise, and to analyze and think about the things being reviewed and express one's own opinions. There can be many ways of thinking when commenting on things, such as right or wrong in judging things, the reasons for judging things, and the lessons learned from reflecting on the matter. At the same time, it cannot be limited to one point or one angle. It can be from multiple points or angles, but it should be noted that what is being commented on , must be closely related to the "thing" being commented on, and cannot be free from talking about "things".

Second, it must be reasonable and well-founded. When commenting on current affairs, you should not only express your own opinions, but also write down the basis and reasons. When commenting on things, one must speak with reason and evidence, so that the comments can be civilized, people can be sincerely convinced, and the purpose of distinguishing right from wrong and clarifying the truth can be achieved. A commentary that can explain its views clearly and write down the basis and rationale thoroughly is a good commentary. Critics can criticize, argue, admonish, ridicule, complain, laugh and scold, and even sing songs of madness.

Prediction of test questions

Read the following materials and write an article of no less than 800 words as required. (60 points)

The "China Charity Award" is the highest government award in the field of charity in my country. Its purpose is to commend those who have provided assistance in disaster relief, helping the elderly, helping the disabled, rescuing orphans, relieving the needy, assisting students, assisting in medical treatment, and supporting Individuals, enterprises and projects that have made outstanding contributions in the fields of culture, art, environmental protection and other public welfare and charity fields, thereby vigorously promoting the righteous deeds of all walks of life in helping the poor, dedicating love and repaying society, demonstrating the philanthropic spirit of caring for the people and doing good deeds to help the world, and inspire The enthusiasm of the whole people for good will promote social harmony and development. On December 30, 2011, the Ministry of Civil Affairs held a press conference to officially launch the seventh "China Charity Award" selection and commendation event. Different from previous selections, this commendation event set up the basic criteria for participation, that is, the most caring donation. For individuals and enterprises, annual donation funds need to reach more than 1 million yuan.

In this regard, some people think that this threshold should not be set. This is to monetize love. Some people think that setting this threshold will encourage more people to do good deeds. Some people think... What do you think about the above materials? ? Choose a good angle, determine the concept, clarify the style of writing, and draft your own title; do not compose outside the scope of the content and meaning of the material, do not copy, and do not plagiarize.

Writing Guide

This question is a typical controversial essay question. You can agree, disagree, or have other opinions on setting a threshold for the "China Charity Award" point of view. In short, just put forward your own point of view and discuss it.

Excellent works display the million-yuan donation of the "Most Caring Award"

Who is the threshold set for?

The Ministry of Civil Affairs recently launched the seventh "China Charity Award" "Selection and commendation activities. This year's "China Charity Award" has established basic criteria for participation. For example, the most caring individuals and companies need to donate more than 1 million yuan in annual donations.

It is understandable to set certain standards and thresholds for the award selection. However, the minimum donation amount is required to be as high as 1 million yuan. This kind of setting that directly quantifies love in monetary terms deviates from the essence and purpose of charity. It is a violation of charity. The blasphemy of the cause also deviates from the principle of fairness in selection.

As the saying goes, love is priceless. Evaluating and measuring love should not be quantified through monetary means. The amount of personal donation does not equal the size of personal love. This is basic common sense that most people know. The "Most Compassionate Award" sets a donation threshold of one million, which undoubtedly excludes the vast number of low- and middle-income people who have unlimited love, and is a ruthless harm to this group of people who donate small amounts. After all, the development of philanthropy cannot be supported only by a handful of wealthy people, but must rely on the participation of the whole society. This is the experience of the development of international philanthropy.

Let’s look at an opposite example. Ryan, a 6-year-old Canadian child who only donated 70 Canadian dollars, was called the "soul of Canada." After hearing the teacher's introduction about the severe drought in Africa and the very difficult life of children, Ryan made money by saving pocket money and doing housework. He saved up 70 Canadian dollars in four months and donated it to international organizations. However, the staff told him that 70 Canadian dollars was only enough to buy a water pump, and it cost 2,000 Canadian dollars to dig a well. So Ryan continued to raise money and spent the summer working around the house to make money. His deeds spread and touched many people. A year later, with the help of family and friends, he raised enough money to donate a well near Angelo Primary School in Niganda, and relevant organizations used the funds raised to establish a well called "Ryan's Well" "The foundation, which currently raises nearly one million Canadian dollars, has helped dig more than 70 wells in Africa.

In terms of donation amount, Ryan’s personal donation is only 70 Canadian dollars, but the wealth generated by his actions and actions far exceeds tens of millions or even hundreds of millions of Canadian dollars, especially the inestimable His spiritual wealth and influence on many people in Canada and around the world who participate in philanthropy are inestimable, and the honor he received is the "Soul of Canada" with the "Most Compassionate Award" whose gold content and evaluation far exceed the million-dollar donation threshold.

If you really have to quantify the size of a person's love, it should be relative quantification, not absolute quantification. On the one hand, measure the proportion of his donation amount to his property income and the proportion of its impact on his quality of life; on the other hand, measure the spiritual effect of his charitable act of donation, whether it has touched many people, whether his charity deeds are touching, Let society evaluate it.

Only by adopting correct selection criteria can charity awards promote the development of charity. Using wrong standards and methods to select charity awards will only drive away batches of caring ordinary people, which is not conducive to the healthy development of charity. What's more, my country's charity has already encountered an unprecedented credit crisis. Any deviation from the official Measures taken by public opinion will sting the sensitive nerves of the public and will only make more people feel that donating is shameful and stupid.

——"Southern Weekend"

Comments

Love is difficult to measure in monetary terms. For example, someone spends almost all his savings on funding for education, even though his donation may be only a fraction of the donations from many celebrities and rich people. Can it be said that he has less love than them? Although many small and medium-sized private enterprises donate less than one million each year, compared with some state-owned enterprises with assets of hundreds of billions and annual donations of only RMB 10,000, which one is more caring? This article begins with a clear-cut statement that love cannot be monetized, and then analyzes the reasons and uses the argument that Child Ryan’s donation is only 70 Canadian dollars. The point of view is clear and the argument is strong. It is a masterpiece among current reviews.