Know astronomy and geography, know trivial tongue twisters,

Know astronomy above, geography below, harmony between people in the middle, yin and yang, gossip, strange doors, evasion, and win thousands of miles through strategic planning. Standing with her arms folded, the Committee compared herself with sages such as Guan Zhong and Le Yi, and she was proud and romantic, and she knew three points in the world before leaving the cottage.

Tongue twisters are also called urgent passwords, eating passwords and awkward passwords. It is a traditional language game of Han nationality. Because it deliberately brings together a number of disyllabic words, reduplicated words or words with the same or similar pronunciation to form a simple and interesting rhyme, which requires fast pronunciation and makes people feel rhythmic and interesting to read. Tongue twister is a folk language game of Han nationality, which combines easily confused words with initials, finals or tones into repeated, overlapping, evasive and awkward sentences, requiring quick pronunciation in one breath.

1. Production and development

Tongue twisters can be traced back to the era of the Yellow Emperor more than 5,000 years ago. Fortunately, "Playing Songs" preserved in ancient books is said to have been written by the Yellow Emperor. According to textual research, this is a ballad close to the original form, in which the basic component of tongue twisters-disyllabic rhyming words have long existed. Presumably tongue twisters germinated in the oral language of the working people of the Han nationality before the appearance of words.

With the formation and development of language, our ancestors paid more and more attention to the similarities and differences between the pronunciation of Chinese characters and found more and more disyllabic words. The relationship between these polyphonic rhymes is not handled well and is easily entangled and confused; If it is handled well, it can produce extraordinary phonological beauty. This makes some people think of finding rules, practicing pronunciation and training oral expression. As a result, they began to consciously combine some homophonic words, deliberately beating around the bush and turning them into rows of sentences to teach children to read and recite. Some voices are loud, awkward and humorous, which not only children like, but also many young people like. In this way, when one person sings or several people sing in unison, it is passed down from mouth to mouth and spread among the people. In the process of communication, people constantly modify, process, enrich and improve it, making it more similar to humorous ballads and more interesting. As for the specific author and reviser of tongue twisters, people have never paid attention to them at all. Therefore, it doesn't matter which tongue twister is whose work.

Because of the gradual perfection of tongue twister, it has spread among the people, and some scholars close to the lower class have begun to pay attention to this popular literary form. Later, Song Yu, a Chu lyricist who was later than Qu Yuan, also introduced double-rhyme words into the hall of poetry creation. Nine Debates, a long political lyric poem, is his masterpiece, in which a large number of words with the same rhyme are used, which makes the syllable changes of sentences complicated, the sound and rhyme harmonious and beautiful, and the feelings are long. This undoubtedly greatly expanded its status and influence. When drinking tea, many scholars improvise a few sentences as the order of drinking, or teach children to recite. Almost all the ancient tongue twisters preserved to this day are made by literati imitating Han folk tongue twisters. Moreover, we can also see "Two Poems of Mr. Li's Mountain Villa Temple" written by a poet in the Tang Dynasty more than 65,438+0,000 years ago: "Sacrifice your heart and eliminate your image; The eaves are facing the sun, the curtains are bright, the neighbors are cool, the shelves are empty, the ancient hills are isolated, and the pond is light, as if it were fragrant. " Su Shi, a great litterateur in the Song Dynasty, wrote a poem about eating language ("San Jian Ge is separated by a golden official"), and Gao Qi, a litterateur in the Ming Dynasty, wrote a poem about Wu Gong ("Pity Shan Juan before the banquet"). Judging from the content, these tongue twisters are mostly pastimes after eating and drinking, and they are of little value. From a formal point of view, almost all of them are word games that chew words, which are bookish and obscure, and the broad masses of lower-class people and children can only stay away from them. This greatly affects the language value and literary value of tongue twisters, and affects the popularization and improvement of tongue twisters. Tongue twisters in ancient times are recorded in Volume 5 of Wen Hai Pi Sha by Xie Zhaoshuan, a writer in Ming Dynasty.

2. Overview of characteristics

Tongue twisters are characterized by deliberately combining several disyllabic words with overlapping rhymes or words with the same or similar pronunciation and easily confused words into simple and interesting rhymes, thus forming an easy-to-read but interesting language art. It is worth mentioning that tongue twisters are good teaching materials for language training. Seriously practicing tongue twister can make your mind react flexibly, use your breath freely, articulate your mouth clearly and avoid stuttering. It can also be used as a casual and funny language game. For example, "there is a round eye in front of the mountain, and there is a round eye behind the mountain. The two are better than the eyes in front of the mountain; I don't know whether Yan's eyes are rounder than Yang's or Yang's eyes are rounder than Yan's. "There is a song called" The soothsayer and the Garlic Hanger ",which also sounds charming:" There are soothsayers and garlic hangers in the street. Divination is divination, garlic is for sale. The fortune teller called the one who hung garlic and the one who hung garlic called the one who bought garlic. Those who calculate divination don't buy garlic with garlic, and those who hang garlic are not divination. "Listening to these two tongue twisters will definitely make people feel interesting. '