Marathon runners demand

(1) Being short and light is not a disadvantage.

Marathon runners are generally shorter than other runners.

(2) The chest circumference index should be larger.

Bust index = (bust/height) * 100%,

The chest circumference index is large, indicating that the heart and lungs in the chest are very developed. Therefore, it can be considered that being born with a large chest circumference index is one of the natural conditions for becoming a marathon runner.

(3) Upper respiratory and circulatory system

Height, weight and chest circumference index are appearance characteristics, but the more important aspect of marathon runners' adaptability is the respiratory and circulatory system, that is, the functions of lungs and heart.

(d) The ratio of vital capacity to body weight should be large.

Ratio index of vital capacity to body weight = (vital capacity/body weight) * 100%. People with high ratio of vital capacity to body weight are suitable for long-distance running. This conclusion also applies to whether a runner is suitable for running a marathon.

As for vital capacity, the amount of air in and out of the lungs at rest is about 400ml (one breath). On this basis, you can inhale about 1700ml (prepared inspiratory volume) and exhale after exhalation 1600ml (prepared expiratory volume). Lung capacity is the sum of these items,

Vital capacity = one breath+prepared inspiratory volume+prepared expiratory volume.

Although vital capacity cannot directly represent respiratory function, it is beneficial for athletes to have a large vital capacity. The vital capacity of ordinary adult males is 3000-4000ml, and that of adult females is 2000-3000ml. The vital capacity of track and field throwers is particularly large, and some of them exceed 6000ml.

(5) strengthen the stomach and liver

Marathon training and competition require a lot of energy. In order to replenish energy, you need to have a good function of digesting food, and a strong stomach is very beneficial. Among the nutrients that people absorb. Sugar (carbohydrate) is decomposed from glucose into glycogen, which is stored in the liver and muscles in various parts of the body. During exercise, the energy in the muscles is consumed first, and then the glycogen stored in the liver will be supplemented by blood.

For marathon runners, it is extremely important to have strong energy storage and replenishment capabilities. The advantages and disadvantages of the stomach may mostly be congenital factors, but the ability to store and replenish energy can be improved through training. Marathon can be said to be the ultimate goal and the other side of yearning for athletes interested in long-distance running. There are many unknown possibilities, and you can imagine the joy of becoming an athlete after completing your ideal.

However, for young athletes and athletes without systematic training, marathon is a very difficult project. Therefore, long-distance runners must undergo systematic training, have long-distance running ability (speed and endurance), and adjust their physical and psychological state before taking part in the competition, instead of just making up their minds or expecting a marathon. A runner who takes part in a race without adequate preparation may be disappointed or have a wrong understanding of the marathon, because he has broken his dream. No matter what kind of sports, if you want to be an excellent player, the most important thing is to have the endurance to bear all kinds of mental and physical pains and the ability to control yourself, and often show fresh enthusiasm for the game and keep working hard for your ultimate goal.

However, few people are born with such a noble spirit. Athletes must grow spiritually and form their own character as athletes through their own experiences or the influence of teachers, coaches, old-timers and movies and books.

In addition, through step-by-step training every day, regular daily life and experience in the game process, further mental torture, so as to develop a confident and humble mental state.

Some people say that "marathon is a lonely race, you have to fight against yourself". Marathon does not need any competitive equipment, only the athletes' own bodies. The competition conditions are equal, the referee is completely fair, and the strong always wins.

Spiritual strength is not born to you, but is gradually cultivated through training as an acquired sociality.

In the marathon, psychological strength occupies a large proportion, which is one of the basic conditions for becoming an excellent athlete. A research report published by 1996 shows that the probability of fatal myocardial infarction in a marathon runner's career is about1/50,000; This is considered by researchers to be a very small probability. According to this result, the report also said that it is not necessary to have a heart examination to participate in the marathon. However, this study did not evaluate the overall impact of marathon on heart health.

In 2006, in a study of 60 amateur marathon participants, some troponin (which can detect heart injury or heart system disorder) in their bodies after running the marathon was tested, and they were scanned by ultrasound before and after the race. The results show that in the test sample of 60 people, those who run less than 35 miles (about 56 kilometers) every week before the game are likely to have heart damage or heart system disorder; However, those who run more than 45 miles a week have little or no heart problems.

It should be emphasized that "regular running is very beneficial to health", including reducing the risk of myocardial infarction by 50%. In addition, these studies only involve marathons and have nothing to do with other forms of running. Marathon is regarded as a test of endurance, which puts more pressure on the heart than other shorter running activities, so this may be the explanation for those research results. Another study investigated individuals who had myocardial infarction during exercise, and pointed out that people who lacked exercise for a long time were 50 times more likely to have myocardial infarction during exercise than those who exercised regularly.

In 2007, Ryan Shay, a 28-year-old marathon runner, suddenly fainted early in the US Olympic trials and died after being rescued. It is reported that his death was caused by congenital heart malformation or heart structural defect.