How do foreign countries view 1965 China's ultimatum to India?

How do foreign countries view 1965 China's ultimatum to India?

During the Second Kashmir War in 1 and 1965, Indian troops crossed the India-Pakistan international boundary line in Punjab and arrived at the gate of Lahore, intending to intercept Pakistani troops.

2. In September and June, the situation in Pakistan became extremely dangerous. This situation concerns China's vital interests, so China cannot ignore Pakistanis.

Apart from diplomatic pressure, China has carefully and fully studied the plan to send troops to Pakistan, and Mao Zedong has approved this military plan, suggesting that sending troops near the Pakistan border is the best choice.

The breakthrough of sending troops this time is the border between China and Tin (Gold). Prepare to attack India in this region to support the Pakistan war.

Preparing for military struggle does not mean going to war with India. We gave India an ultimatum and asked it to make a choice.

An ultimatum:

1,1965 September 17, the headline of People's Daily published an ultimatum (in the form of a note), which sent an extremely clear message to the whole world, shocking the Indian side that relied on Soviet support at that time.

2. The third paragraph of the article is the most important (highlight): "Its (India's) aggression logic is that all the places it occupies are its, and the places it wants to occupy but does not occupy are also its. 1962, the Indian government launched a large-scale armed attack on China ... As long as the Indian government continues to invade Pakistan unscrupulously, China will not stop supporting Pakistan's anti-aggression struggle!

3. Within three days, if India does not comply with China's demands (dismantling fortifications, stopping cross-border activities, returning the property of the robbed border residents and returning livestock), all consequences will be borne by India.

4, military preparation, diplomatic struggle, issued a proclamation, by President Mao Zedong personally instructions and decisions. The ultimatum of the People's Daily attracted the attention of the whole world. The American media commented: "China didn't let the Pakistanis down, but they intervened in an incredible way. They avoid any danger, such as being directly involved in the India-Pakistan conflict, but use the border issue that China and India have been arguing for years as an ultimatum. "

The day after People's Daily issued a statement, the American government responded quickly. Goldberger, the US ambassador to the United Nations, said that all countries must take decisive, firm and rapid actions to resolve the India-Pakistan conflict within the United Nations.

6. At that time, People's Republic of China (PRC) was not a member of the United Nations, so the United States wanted to downplay China's influence and couldn't wait to reach a ceasefire agreement between India and Pakistan. However, this practice of the United States is unfair to its ally Pakistan, which is equivalent to putting India and Pakistan on an equal footing.

/kloc-On the night of July, Pakistani President Ayub Khan and Prime Minister Bhutto secretly flew to Beijing from Peshawar to discuss the situation between Kashmir and China.

8. For India, if we continue to adhere to the tough military line against Pakistan when China says there is no room, it will inevitably disrupt our entire military deployment, and India cannot afford the border war against China.

9. Militarily, India has gained a great advantage over Pakistan, and the sword refers to the important town of Lahore. However, at this most critical strategic moment, India was forced to stop and accept the ceasefire agreement under the supervision of the United Nations, and had no choice, because China would really come.

In 10 and 1965, Mao Zedong's ultimatum directly turned India back to its original form. Today, India still regrets that it failed to seize the best opportunity to win Kashmir. This ultimatum even made the Soviet Union feel uneasy at that time, because China didn't want to scare Indians. What's more, China already has nuclear weapons.

1 1. From the point of view of hegemony between the United States and the Soviet Union, the Soviet Union seized the sovereign right to mediate the India-Pakistan conflict with the United States in the United Nations, but the whole situation went to the side of relaxation. 1966 65438+1On October 3, the leaders of India and Pakistan held talks in the Soviet city of Tashkent, and the United States intermittently suspended its aid to the two countries. The United States and the Soviet Union reached a tacit understanding on the position of forcing India and Pakistan to cease fire.

President Ayub Khan and Prime Minister Chaste signed the Tashkent Declaration, which brought temporary peace to Kashmir. Then, Prime Minister Chaste fell ill suddenly and died in Tashkent, which triggered a wave of political turmoil in India.

13. As soon as the agreement was signed, Ayub Khan said at the cabinet meeting of 12: The Soviet Union is committed to peace between India and Pakistan, because the main goal of the Soviet Union is China. Although Pakistan still maintains close relations with the United States, it goes without saying that the alliance with China is the cornerstone of Pakistan's future diplomacy.

14. After the ceasefire in Kashmir, Pakistan immediately accelerated the construction of the karakoram highway connecting China. The completion of this highway is Pakistan's betrayal of Americans' geopolitical interests in South Asia. For India, not only the lie of the 2.5 war was exposed, but Nehru's "South Asian Confederacy" plan was also shattered. (transferred from the window of military fans)