Articles on rebuilding homes after Wenchuan earthquake

Xinhuanet Tangshan, Hebei Province, June 29th (Reporter Qi Xianghui, Li Junyi, Wang Jianhua) Yao Shufen, 55, takes photos of tourists for a living. In the past 22 spring, summer, autumn and winter, she left unforgettable images for many people in front of the earthquake-resistant monument.

As a survivor of the 1976 Tangshan earthquake, Mo Shufen feels that she has lived well with her own hands over the years. When she first started this job, Mo Shufen earned eight or nine hundred yuan a month, which was more than 10 times that of the ordinary working class. Now, despite the impact of the increase in tourists' cameras, her monthly income can still reach more than 2,000 yuan.

1986, with the last batch of residents moving from transitional houses to buildings, this process lasted for 10 years, costing billions of yuan, mainly due to the tax relief for various enterprises in Tangshan to resume production within one year after the earthquake. The Tangshan municipal government built an earthquake-resistant monument and square in the center of this brand-new city reborn from the ruins.

Tangshan people sublimated the hard summary of earthquake relief and recovery and reconstruction into the spirit of "suffering and * * *, selfless care, self-reliance and perseverance". The towering earthquake-resistant monument is one of its symbols.

Yao Shufen admitted that after climbing out of the ruins of the earthquake for more than a month, at the age of 23, she lived in Lacrimosa all day and had suicidal thoughts. The earthquake took away almost everything from her-the lives, houses, property, rations and so on of three close relatives.

"At that time, I didn't know how to live in the future. I feel lonely as never before. " Yao Shufen said. She says many survivors feel this way.

* * * party member cadres to convey the central condolences and the rapid arrival of national rescue forces, so that Yao Shufen quickly cheer up. She and her surviving neighbors helped each other, and built a simple houses that was both earthquake-proof and sheltered from rain and cold with wooden poles, linoleum, plastic sheets, bricks and reed mats. The victims built 6.5438+0.87 million such transitional houses on the ruins.

"Living well is our only choice, because the people of the whole country stand with us." Yao Shufen said.

1986, Mo Shufen bought a camera with borrowed money and set up a stall in the newly completed Monument Square to take pictures of tourists. At that time, in Tangshan, which was almost completely state-owned industrial economy, Mo Shufen became the first batch of individual industrial and commercial households.

As a witness, survivor and receiver of the earthquake, Mo Shufen sincerely agrees with the general description of "Tangshan Earthquake Spirit". She said that she still feels the inspiration and encouragement from this spirit all the time.

Yao Shufen is very grateful to the country for providing more than 200 million yuan in financial assistance and the support of more than 200,000 people in poverty after the Tangshan earthquake. Yao Shufen and Tangshan people who felt the same way became the first people to donate money and materials to the Wenchuan earthquake-stricken area.

However, what Yao Shufen hopes most is that the "Tangshan earthquake-resistant spirit" can also spread to the Wenchuan earthquake-stricken area 65,438+10,000 kilometers away. Yao Shufen said: "Material support is very important, but spiritual assistance is also indispensable. "Although we are in two different eras after 32 years, the basic spirit of earthquake relief and recovery and reconstruction can be passed down."

The China Municipal Government has recently determined the main tasks for the restoration and reconstruction of the Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas. The central government will set up a special recovery and reconstruction fund from this year, with a quota of 70 billion yuan this year. By the 29th 12, governments at all levels in China had invested more than 54.7 billion yuan in earthquake relief funds and received nearly 55 billion yuan in donations from home and abroad.

Planning for recovery and reconstruction is also stepping up. It is reported that the planning plan is divided into two stages: the next three years will focus on restoration and reconstruction; The next five years will focus on development and improvement.

Because today's country has a solid material and technical foundation, the prospect of recovery and reconstruction in the earthquake-stricken areas in Sichuan and surrounding provinces looks brighter than that in Tangshan at that time. However, due to the more serious scope and losses of the Wenchuan earthquake, the restoration and reconstruction work is still arduous, complex and full of challenges.

Wang Ziping, a witness of the Tangshan earthquake, an earthquake sociologist and a professor at Hebei Polytechnic University, believes that the China government must make a more extensive and detailed plan for the recovery and reconstruction of the Wenchuan earthquake-stricken area.

Yao Shufen's views were echoed by Wang Ziping. He said: "In addition to tangible material assistance, recovery and reconstruction, Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas should also receive' spiritual assistance' and' spiritual reconstruction', clean up' spiritual ruins' as soon as possible and arouse' the subjective consciousness of victims', which will make material assistance and reconstruction play a stronger role."

After the Tangshan earthquake that killed 240,000 people and seriously injured 1.7 million people, the "victim" and "reconstructor" became the dual identities of Tangshan people, which made them avoid the "victim psychology"-negative "waiting, relying and wanting" on the whole.

Wang Ziping said that panic-sadness-sadness-weak will to survive-negative attitude and behavior are the spiritual manifestations of many earthquake survivors. Psychological intervention can only solve people's panic and sadness, but can't mobilize people's spiritual will and subjective consciousness. Therefore, "spiritual disaster relief" and "spiritual reconstruction" are particularly important.

He said that Tangshan's experience shows that communicating with the outside world, stabilizing social order, correct publicity and education, strengthening the social management function of disaster areas and enhancing the interpersonal strength of special groups are important means of "spiritual disaster relief".

It is estimated that the number of people killed in the Wenchuan earthquake will exceed 80,000, another 300,000 people will be injured, millions of people will be homeless, and direct economic losses will reach hundreds of billions of dollars.

Although the central government has promised to help urban and rural victims repair and rebuild damaged houses and resume production and employment, some victims are still at a loss about the future.

Tony chen, a resident of Chenjiaba Town, Beichuan County, said that his son, who was studying in Beichuan Middle School, was killed in the earthquake, and his family had a total of 10. The geological situation in Chenjiaba Township is complicated and quite dangerous, so we can't go back. "We wait here every day, and we don't know whether to go back or move to other places in the future. If we are placed in different places, we don't know where we will be placed. "

Zhang Gui Gan, director of the Standing Committee of Mianyang Municipal People's Congress and deputy head of the resettlement group for the victims, said that rebuilding their homes mainly depends on self-reliance and hard work, especially educating young people to achieve self-reliance and self-improvement through hard work, rather than forming the habit of being lazy, "waiting, relying and wanting".

Tangshan City is building an "earthquake site memorial park" covering an area of 40 hectares in the southern part of the city, which is also the first earthquake site park with the theme of "commemoration" in the world. The names of 240,000 victims, including three relatives of Mo Shufen, will be engraved with the monument forever on a marble memorial wall more than 300 meters long.

Wang Ziping, who proposed the establishment of a memorial park, said: "This devastating earthquake has left great trauma to the city, the country and mankind, but the spirit of self-improvement drawn from it is indelible, and it guides the continuous progress of mankind."