What can be interplanted in corn fields?

1. Pumpkin interplanted with corn: Pumpkin nectar can attract the parasitic natural enemy of the corn borer, the black egg wasp. Through the parasitism of the black egg wasp, the damage of the corn borer can be effectively reduced.

2. Interplanting cucumbers with corn: can reduce cucumber mosaic disease by more than 60%.

3. Intercropping of corn and peppers: Due to the shading effect of corn, pepper sunburn and virus diseases are reduced by more than 70% compared with pure planting; planting corn and peppers in alternate rows can reduce pepper virus diseases by 50% above.

4. Corn intercropping with cabbage: Since the field temperature is about 0.5°C lower than that of net farming, and the ground temperature is about 2°C lower, cabbage virus diseases can be reduced by more than 20%, white spot disease can be reduced by more than 15%, and cabbage soft disease can be reduced by more than 20%. The occurrence of rot and downy mildew has also been significantly reduced.

Extended information

Corn is a temperature-loving crop and requires higher temperatures throughout its growth period. The biologically effective temperature of corn is 10℃. Seed germination requires 6-10°C. Germination is slow below 10°C and vigorous at 16-21°C. The optimum temperature for germination is 28-35°C. Germination stops above 40°C. The seedling stage can withstand short-term temperatures of -2--3℃. The jointing stage requires 15-27℃, the flowering stage requires 25-26℃, and the filling stage requires 20-24℃.

Different corn varieties have different temperature requirements. my country's early-maturing varieties require an accumulated temperature of 2000-2200°C; mid-maturing varieties require an accumulated temperature of 2300-2600°C; and late-maturing varieties require an accumulated temperature of 2500-2800 (3000)°C. Most of the world's corn-producing areas are concentrated in the range where the July isotherm is 21-27°C and the frost-free period is 120-180 days. Corn is a short-day plant that can flower and bear fruit under short-day conditions (8-10 hours).

Spectral components have a great influence on the development of corn. According to research, corn grows faster with short-wavelength light such as blue during the day, and with long-wavelength light such as red in the morning or evening. Corn has strong photosynthetic ability. Corn plants are tall and have large leaf areas, so they require more water. The optimal precipitation during the growth period of corn is 410-640mm, and drought affects the yield and quality of corn.

It is generally believed that areas with a height below 150mm in summer are not suitable for planting corn. Excessive precipitation affects light, increases diseases, lodging and weed damage, and also affects the improvement of corn yield and quality. Although corn requires more water, the relative water demand is not too high and the water consumption is more economical. Corn has a strong root system that can fully utilize the moisture in the soil.

When the temperature is high and the air is dry, the leaves curl upward to reduce the transpiration area and achieve an appropriate balance between water absorption and transpiration. Corn is not very strict on soil requirements. Corn can be grown in chernozem, chestnut soil and sandy loam soils with loose soil, deep soil and rich organic matter in the range of 6-8. Corn seedlings can grow in soil containing 0.21% NaCl, which will prevent the plant from dying.

The period from 10 days before tasseling to 25-30 days after tasseling is the stage when corn accumulates the fastest material and absorbs the most fertilizer. At this stage, it absorbs 70-75% of the total amount of N and fertilizer. 60-70% P and 65% K.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Corn

Baidu Encyclopedia - Intercrops