Hazard source identification and preventive measures

1. Measures to ensure production safety

1. Strictly implement relevant regulations on production safety, formulate a production safety responsibility system, sign a production safety responsibility contract, establish a safety ledger, and standardize safety at the construction site management, and establish safety supervision positions.

2. The company will equip all on-site construction workers with necessary labor protection supplies, including: safety helmets, anti-smash shoes, labor protection clothing and other items; on-site construction workers should be neatly dressed, and no workers without safety belts are allowed. Hats, slippers, shorts, no shirts and other violations.

3. Special operation personnel must hold valid certificates issued by the labor department to operate. It is strictly prohibited to operate without a certificate.

4. Improve the safety disclosure system. The construction of each sub-project must implement level-by-level safety and fire protection technical briefings, and make cross-operation safety briefings to relevant team leaders from time to time, and perform signature procedures.

5. Carry out team safety self-inspection and mutual inspection activities. Safety inspection activities are held monthly at the construction site, and a safety production reward and punishment system is implemented.

6. All construction workers must receive level 3 fire safety education when entering the site. They must wear safety helmets when entering the site and wear seat belts when working at heights.

7. Establish specific safety goals, implement target management, strengthen work instructions, technical measures, operating procedures, personnel quality, equipment integrity, safety inspections, etc., and nip safety accidents in the bud, And we should seize the signs of accidents and implement the principle of "three no-misses".

8. The construction machinery dispatched to the construction site for this project is guaranteed to be free from sick work within its safe service life. The project department regularly inspects and maintains all construction machinery.

9. In cross operations, simultaneous operations in the same vertical direction are not allowed, and the location of the lower level operations must be outside the radius of the possible fall range determined by the height of the upper level. When this condition is not met, a safety protection layer should be installed in the middle.

10. Strictly prevent live metal wires from being pulled and placed randomly, and strictly implement various regulations on safe electricity use. Supervise and check the integrity of the wires at any time.

11. The Quality and Safety Department should perform regular random inspections, and the welders on duty should check that the seat belts are not burned every day. All optional lanyards for the seat belts must be covered. Protective equipment made of chemical fibers is not allowed to be worn.

12. It is strictly prohibited to weld on equipment or pipelines that are under pressure, live, or contain flammable, explosive and toxic media.

13. When the depth of the trench exceeds 1.5 meters, you should carefully check whether there is any danger of landslides, and take appropriate precautions before entering the bottom of the trench for work.

14. When hoisting pipeline equipment, the lifting personnel must hold a valid special operation certificate. Unqualified personnel are strictly prohibited from directing the hoisting; when hoisting pipelines, it is strictly prohibited to stand under the crane arm or under the hoisting pipeline.

15. The project department should prepare a special lifting plan or operation instructions based on the weight of the pipeline and the difficulty of lifting.

16. When digging trenches, the telephone poles and trees in the working area should be reinforced.

17. When constructing along roadways and sidewalks, safety guardrails should be set up along the trenches, and obvious warning signs should be set up. Nighttime warning lights should be set up along the construction routes. If necessary at night, During the operation, there should be personnel responsible for safety staying behind.

18. When constructing on roads (including sidewalks), construction workers must wear reflective protective clothing.

2. Safety signs and safety protection

1. Safety signs: Divide safety areas, fully and correctly use safety signs, arrange appropriate safety slogans and signboards, and various construction agencies All installation operating procedures are required.

2. Construction should be carried out when the road crosses the section where there is less traffic and pedestrians. Safety warning signs and roadblocks must be erected at both ends. When the traffic flow is large, the construction should be carried out. There are personnel responsible for safety who specialize in clearing the road and guiding passing vehicles and pedestrians to pay attention to safety.

3. Safety protection:

(1) After the pipe trench is excavated, conspicuous warning signs should be set up on both sides of the pipe trench. Warning lights must be installed at night during construction on roads with many vehicles and people.

(2) After the construction of pipeline laying along municipal roads is stopped, the pipe trench should be covered with steel plates so as not to affect traffic.

4. Safety warning tapes or temporary guardrails should be set up for trenches that have not yet been backfilled. Safety warning lights must be set up at night. In areas with heavy traffic flow at night, dedicated personnel should be assigned to look after them.

3. Safety management

1. Safety management of temporary work sheds

(1) Setting up work sheds

The location of work sheds should be determined by the project The manager, construction team leader, etc. agreed with the relevant departments before entering the site that they should avoid high-voltage lines, low-lying areas, and main road entrances and exits in residential areas, and should be as close to the construction site as possible. The materials used to build the work shed should be non-flammable. The erection of the work shed should be sturdy and have the functions of resisting typhoons, rain, snow, and moisture. The work shed should be set up in separate rooms, and the living room must be set up separately from the tool and facility storage room.

(2) Safe fire prevention and use of electricity

A certain number of fire-extinguishing equipment must be equipped in the work shed, and a dedicated person must be assigned to manage it. It is strictly prohibited to store flammable items in the living room. Professional electricians should be responsible for the layout, installation and daily management of electrical facilities in the work shed. Electrical control boxes should be installed in rooms with different uses. Electrical piping and wiring should meet the requirements of specifications. Effective measures should be taken to prevent damage to overhead cables. Do not use to hang items.

(3) Material storage

Materials and equipment used in project construction should be classified and stacked. PE gas pipes, anti-corrosion pipes and fittings, instruments and meters, construction machinery and tools, etc. must not be stacked in the open air; materials stacked in the open air must be fixed, and measures should be taken to prevent flooding, rain, slipping, and theft. Acetylene and oxygen bottles must be stored and transported separately. Dangerous items such as flammable and explosive items should be readily available for use. Unused items should be placed in airtight containers, stored in designated locations, and managed by dedicated personnel.

2. Safety management of temporary power consumption

Temporary power consumption on site during the construction period shall be connected with cables from the distribution junction box, and a dedicated person shall be assigned to be responsible for the maintenance of power supply equipment and lines. Maintenance and upkeep, implement standardized management of the configuration and use of electrical facilities to ensure normal electricity use in construction, production and life. In terms of safe electricity use measures, some targeted measures can be taken according to the different characteristics of the project, such as ground zero protection system, secondary leakage protection system, third-level power distribution, etc.

3. Safety management of high-altitude and edge operations

When gas risers are laid on exterior walls, climbing operations, suspended operations, edge operations, hole operations and upper and lower crossings are often required. Operation. Although protective railings, safety nets and scaffolding are installed at some openings, edges and exterior walls, falling accidents from high altitudes occur from time to time. Therefore, special attention must be paid to the following relevant matters regarding safety technical measures for high-altitude operations: technical measures and required materials and machines must be completely included in the construction plan; technical education and on-site technical briefings must be carried out; all safety signs, tools and equipment, etc., must be included in the construction plan. Check one by one beforehand; do a good job in assessment, certification and physical examination of personnel working at heights.

In the installation of exterior wall risers of high-rise buildings, the quality and safety of the construction project have become the focus of the construction process. In order to facilitate the installation of risers, a small worm gear crane, a single pulley, and a steel wire rope can be installed at an appropriate position on the roof of a high-rise building to form a simple lifting equipment. Gas risers with larger diameters can be hoisted and installed by segmental welding. It ensures the engineering quality of gas riser installation in high-rise buildings and the safety of construction workers.

4. Safety management to prevent falling objects

Gas construction in bad weather conditions is very easy to be hit by falling objects, causing personal injury. In order to effectively prevent objects from being struck, the following measures must be taken: safety helmets must be worn when entering the construction site, and items must not be piled randomly. Effective fixing measures must be taken for high-altitude accumulations. It is prohibited to throw or pick up objects on scaffolding or high in the air, and the transfer of materials and machinery is prohibited. Safety ropes must be equipped, and reliable containment facilities and obvious no-personnel signs must be provided in dangerous areas, and supervision and inspection must be strengthened.

5. Safety management of the use of construction machinery

① Prepare safety technical measures. For the disassembly and assembly of heavy machinery, hoisting, transportation, mechanical maintenance, and repair operations of heavy machinery, measures to ensure personal and mechanical safety must be put forward.

② Carry out careful safety inspections on mechanical equipment. Including fault inspection of the machinery itself and inspection of safety devices to eliminate hidden dangers and ensure that safety devices are sensitive and reliable. At the same time, the mechanical construction conditions and on-site operating environment must be inspected.

③Prevent mechanical liability accidents. Mechanical liability accidents that cause mechanical damage and casualties due to improper operation, illegal operations, improper maintenance, substandard repair quality, sick operation, lax management, poor storage, and command errors should be eliminated.

④ After a mechanical equipment failure occurs, it should be eliminated by a designated person to avoid accidents caused by unauthorized dismantling by operators.

⑤ It is strictly prohibited to repair, maintain and adjust the machinery while it is in operation.

⑥When operating at high altitudes on machinery, operators must wear safety helmets and seat belts, and it is strictly prohibited to throw objects from high places.

6. Safety management of excavation operations

During the construction of buried gas pipelines, a large amount of excavation operations are required. During the construction process, due to the influence of soil structure, hardness, groundwater level, weather, etc., landslide accidents are prone to occur when excavating pipe trenches and working in the trenches. Therefore, before construction, special attention should be paid to understanding the meteorological, hydrogeological data, and underground pipeline data, and preparing an excavation operation plan.

7. Safety management of directional drill crossing projects

When directional drilling crosses pipe laying, focus should be placed on preventing on-site road subsidence, collapse accidents, underground pipeline damage, traffic accidents, etc. . Therefore, before the pipe jacking operation is carried out, it is necessary to promptly contact the local water conservancy, transportation and other relevant departments to understand the hydrogeological data of the crossing section and the underground pipeline conditions, so as to formulate targeted construction technical plans and accident emergency plans, and carry out the project well. Technical and safety briefing before construction.

During the crossing construction process, the observation of ground changes and groundwater level conditions was strengthened, and the mud ratio, grouting pressure and grouting amount were adjusted in a timely manner based on the measured technical data to ensure smooth hole formation. Observation points are set up at certain distances on the ground, and continuous measurements are made based on the jacking position. If the settlement exceeds 3CM, the operation should be stopped immediately. Adjust the construction plan according to the identified reasons and confirm that the corresponding measures are effective before continuing the work. Before the drill bit is unearthed, preparations for leaving the hole should be made. After the drill head comes out of the hole, the mud in the hole should be processed promptly and the hole entrance should be sealed to stop the water, so that the soil and water in the hole are not lost, and the mud-water balance in the hole can be effectively controlled to ensure Smooth towing of the pipe.

8. Safety management of pigging and pressure testing

The pressure testing location should ensure the safety of nearby people and structures. It should be conducted in an open area, with a safe range delineated and warning fences and warning signs used. Separate zones, hang clear warning signs, and arrange for personnel to be on duty 24 hours a day. During the pressure testing and pigging period, personnel will be arranged to conduct patrols and inspections along the line, and necessary communication equipment and transportation equipment will be provided.

IV. Measures for safe use of electricity and electrical fire prevention measures

(1) Measures for safe use of electricity

1. Grounding and zero connection

The power supply for construction shall adopt a three-phase five-wire system with a dedicated grounding wire. The main distribution box and distribution box should be equipped with rainproof covers and corresponding leakage protectors, and should be arranged correctly. Strictly implement "one machine, one gate and one leakage protection device", and all electrical equipment must have good grounding devices. Electric machinery must be specially managed by designated machines and personnel. When using small handheld power tools, use a gate box with leakage protection.

(1) The protective neutral wire should be led out from the working ground wire or the neutral wire in the power distribution room or the neutral wire on the power side of the first-level leakage protector.

(2) The protective neutral line should be laid separately from the working neutral line and not used for other purposes. The protective neutral line PE must use a green/yellow two-color wire. < /p>

(4) The cross-sectional area of ??the protective neutral line should not be less than the cross-sectional area of ??the working neutral line, and must meet the mechanical strength requirements. Among them, when the overhead laying spacing is not more than 12 meters, the cross-section of the insulated copper wire should not be more than 12 meters. Less than 10mm2, the cross-section of the insulated aluminum wire is not less than 16mm2; the protective neutral line connected to the electrical equipment is an insulated multi-stranded copper wire with a cross-section not less than 2.5mm2.

(5) Metal shells, frames, components, pipes, tracks, metal operating tables, and metal fences and metal doors close to live parts of electrical equipment that are not charged under normal circumstances should all be protected and connected to zero.

2. Configure leakage protectors

(1) The distribution box (distribution room) and switch box at the construction site must be equipped with at least two levels of leakage protectors.

(2) The leakage protector should be current-operated. In general, the rated leakage operating current of the leakage protector should not be greater than 30MA, and the rated leakage operating time should not be greater than 0.1s; for humid and corrosive media For the leakage protector in the location, the limit value of the product of the rated leakage operating current and the rated leakage operating time is (greater than) 30MA.S.

(3) The selection of the leakage protector in the switch box should be adapted to and matched with the actual situation such as the capacity and number of phases of the power equipment. For example, a three-phase motor with matching parameters should be selected. Leakage protector; lighting electricity must be separated from power electricity, and a single-phase, two-wire leakage protector should be used for lighting.

3. The switch box is set up in three levels, namely the main distribution box, the distribution box and the switch box. The distance between the switch box and the machine should not exceed three meters. The switch box implements one machine, one gate and one leakage protection.

4. External power protection

(1) The minimum safe operating distance between the outer edge of the project under construction and the side line of the external power overhead line; voltage below 1KV is 4 meters; voltage below 1KV -10KV is 6 meters.

(2) The minimum vertical distance when the motor vehicle lane at the construction site intersects with the external power overhead line: 6 meters for voltages below 1KV, and 7 meters for voltages between 1KV and 10KV.

5. Lighting

(1) Adopt general lighting and local lighting in places with night construction or natural lighting, material storage yards, roads, warehouses, offices, canteens, dormitories, etc. Or mixed lighting.

(2) Select the corresponding illuminator according to the environmental conditions of the place of use.

(3) The lighting voltage during night construction shall not exceed 36V, and the lighting voltage shall not exceed 36V in places such as the height of lamps from the ground is less than 2.4 meters. The lighting voltage in humid and easily accessible places with live objects shall not exceed 24V.

(4) Set up guards, red signal lighting and accident lighting as needed, and their power supply should be located in front of the main power switch at the construction site and equipped with a power supply.

6. Conduct basic knowledge training on safe electricity use for all types of electricity users.

2) Organizational measures for safe electricity use

1. Establish a preparation and approval system for temporary electricity construction organization design and technical measures for safe electricity use, and establish corresponding technical files.

2. Establish a technical disclosure system.

Introduce the overall intention, technical content and precautions of temporary power construction organization design and safe power use technical measures to professional electricians and various types of electricity users, and should perform the technical briefing documents in written materials. and the signature procedures of the person to whom the disclosure is made, indicating the date of disclosure.

3. Establish a safety inspection system.

Starting from the completion of the temporary power project, the temporary power project will be tested regularly. The test contents include: grounding resistance value, insulation resistance value of electrical equipment, leakage protector operating parameters, etc., to supervise temporary power use. Check whether the project is safe and reliable, and make inspection records.

4. Establish an electrical maintenance system.

Strengthen daily and regular maintenance work, promptly discover and eliminate hidden dangers, and establish maintenance work records to record maintenance time, location, content, technical measures, processing results, maintenance personnel, acceptance personnel, etc.

5. After the completion of this project, the dismantling of temporary power projects should be organized and commanded in a unified manner, and the dismantling time, personnel, procedures, methods, precautions and protective measures must be specified.

6. Establish a responsibility system for safe electricity use. The operation, supervision, and maintenance of each part of the temporary power project are divided into sections, blocks, and machines, and implemented by people, supplemented by necessary rewards and punishments.

7. Establish a safety education and training system. Regular education and training for professional electricians and various types of electricity safety, and those who pass the assessment will be employed with certificates. It is prohibited to work without a license or to work at random.

(3) Electrical fire prevention technical measures

1. Reasonable configuration, setting and replacement of various protective electrical appliances, for high-power electrical appliances and equipment such as PE welding machines and inverter welding machines. Reliable protection against overload and short circuit faults.

2. Do not pile up flammable, explosive and highly corrosive media around electrical devices and circuits, and do not use fire sources.

3. In places where the electrical devices of this project are relatively concentrated, insulating fire-extinguishing equipment must be equipped, and fireworks are strictly prohibited.

4. Strengthen the insulation between electrical equipment and ground to prevent flickering.

5. Set up lightning protection devices reasonably.

(4) Electrical fire prevention organizational measures

1. Establish a management system for flammable, explosive and highly corrosive media.

2. Implement the policy of "prevention first, safety first" and do a good job in electrical safety work. On-site electricians must do "safe installation, complete disassembly, timely repair, and correct use." ", it is strictly prohibited to pick up or pick up indiscriminately.

3. Establish a regular inspection system. Regular inspections should be carried out on the power transformation and distribution rooms, main distribution boxes, distribution boxes, switch boxes, grounding devices and all electrical lines and electrical equipment, and records should be kept. .

4. Establish an electrical fire prevention responsibility system, strengthen fireworks control in key electrical fire prevention places, and set up signs prohibiting fireworks.

5. Establish an electrical fire prevention education system, conduct regular education and publicity on electrical fire prevention knowledge, and improve the electrical fire prevention consciousness of all types of electricity users.

6. Establish an electrical fire prevention inspection system to detect problems and deal with them in a timely manner.

5. Main safety technical measures for construction machinery

All construction machinery used on site should be installed and accepted by the company’s safety department before it can be used.

(1) Safety technical measures for the use of welding and welding equipment:

1. When working in small spaces, containers and pipelines, to prevent electric shock, you must wear insulated shoes and pads on your feet There are rubber sheets or other insulating padding; it is best for two people to work in shifts so that they can keep an eye on each other. Otherwise, a supervisor is required to pay attention to the safety of the operator at all times, and in case of a dangerous situation, immediately cut off the power supply for rescue.

2. When the sliding knife is half open, the face is not allowed to face the electric switch directly to prevent sparks caused by short circuit from hurting the face.

3. The following operations must be done after cutting off the power supply. Carry out:

(1) When changing the welding machine joint;

(2) When replacing the weldment and need to change the secondary circuit;

(3) Replacement When the safety device is installed;

(4) When the welding machine breaks down and needs to be repaired;

(5) When the welding machine is moved to a different working location;

( 6) When the work is completed or the work site is temporarily left.

4. Before operation, check whether all tools, welding machines, power switches and circuits are in good condition, and the metal shell should be safely and reliably grounded.

5. Pay attention to the safe use of electricity, do not pull the wires randomly, and the power cords should be intact.

(2) Safety technical measures for the use of water pumps:

1. The installation of the water pump should be firm and stable, with rainproof measures. When multiple water pumps are installed side by side, the distance should be no less than 80cm. The inlet and outlet pipes with larger diameters must be supported by brackets, and the rotating parts must be protected.

2. The motor shaft should be concentric with the water pump shaft, the spiral should be strong, the pipeline should be sealed, the interface should be tight, and the suction pipe valve should be free of blockage and leakage.

3. When using a water pump to discharge the accumulated water at the bottom of the ditch, it is strictly prohibited to send power to start the pump when people are in the same position as the water pump.

4. When starting the water pump, the outlet valve should be closed and gradually opened after starting.

5. During operation, if there are abnormal phenomena such as water leakage, air leakage, heating of the packing part, increase in machine temperature, sudden increase in current, etc., the machine must be shut down for maintenance.

6. When the water pump is in operation, it is strictly prohibited to step over the water pump unit.

7. When raising and lowering the water suction pipe, you must stand on a platform with protective railings.

8. Stop the machine first and then close the water outlet valve.

(3) Measures for the safe use of distribution boxes

1. The distribution box should be installed in a dry, ventilated and room temperature place, and the distribution box should be equipped with rain and dustproof measures.

2. The vertical distance between the bottom of the fixed distribution box and the ground is greater than 1.3 meters and less than 1.5 meters, and the size of the mobile distribution box is greater than 0.6 meters and less than 1.5 meters.

3. Each electrical equipment has a dedicated switch box for standby, and implements the "one machine, one gate, one box, one lock, one leakage" protection system. It is strictly forbidden to use the same switching appliance to directly control two and Two or more electrical equipment (including sockets), and leakage switches must be used correctly in accordance with regulations.

4. The inlet and outlet of the wires in the distribution box are located under the box. The inlet and outlet wires are sheathed and branched into bundles, and waterproof bends are made. The wire bundle must not be directly connected to the inlet and outlet of the box. touch.

5. The fuses in the distribution box must meet the requirements, and debris must not be piled up. When the operation on site is stopped for more than one hour, the power switch box should be cut off and locked.

(4) Safety technical measures for lifting, loading and unloading work

1. Porters must carefully study the loading and unloading requirements in the relevant operating procedures before handling, and comply with them. This also applies to sporadic loading and unloading. Must comply with relevant regulations on safe transportation.

2. When lifting and transporting equipment rooms of various sizes, the slogans must be unified and the operations must be unified.

3. Lifting and transportation tools must be inspected before use. Those that do not meet safety regulations are not allowed to be used.

4. When transporting machines, you must find out the weight, size, and loading and unloading location before operating.

5. When shipping various materials and objects, overloading, over-height, over-width, and over-length are strictly prohibited.

6. When the vehicle is not stationary, it is strictly prohibited for people to operate or get on and off the vehicle, and objects are stacked steadily; when the vehicle is moving, people are not allowed to sit on the fence or high on the roof, and are not allowed to stand on the vehicle. The top of the object should be used to prevent the object from suddenly moving forward and injuring people due to sudden braking; for shipping components, sleepers must be selected and wire tighteners must be hung to prevent the object from collapsing and causing accidents.

7. Cooperate closely with the driver, take care of the front and rear of the vehicle when entering and exiting, and pay attention to the dynamics on the front, rear, left, and right roads when reversing, turning, leading the vehicle, and driving normally.

8. Unloading soil onto the car should be done after the car has stopped. It is prohibited for the bucket to pass over the cab of the car.

9. The roads within the venue should be repaired in a timely manner to ensure the safe and smooth flow of vehicles. There should be dedicated personnel responsible for commanding and guiding various vehicles.

10. Under the sidewalk at the vehicle entrance, if there are underground pipelines (roads), thick steel plates must be laid or concrete must be poured for reinforcement.

(5) Technical measures for excavator work safety

1. Excavator drivers must hold a certificate to work.

2. When entering the site, first conduct technical briefings with the construction site technicians and excavator drivers, so that you know what to expect.

3. The exposed transmission part of the excavator cab must be equipped with a protective cover. There must be no obstacles when fetching and unloading soil. No one is allowed to stay within the rotation radius of the bucket during excavation.

4. The loading operation should be carried out after the transport vehicle has stopped. The bucket should be lowered as low as possible and the vehicle must not be hit. No one is allowed in the truck. The driver should also leave the cab. The bucket is strictly prohibited from entering the truck. Over the top of the car cab. When unloading soil, the bucket should be kept as low as possible and should not hit any part of the car.

5. When carrying out excavation operations on large slopes, you should always pay attention to whether there are large pieces of loose earth and rocks on the working surface. If there is a danger of collapse, you should deal with it immediately or evacuate the excavator to a safe area.

6. When constructing ditches, rivers, etc., the safe distance from the slope edge should be determined based on the depth, slope and soil quality of the ditch or river, which should generally not be greater than 2m.

7. When working with a backhoe, you must wait until the boom has stopped before eating soil and retracting the bucket. Do not extend the head too hard or too large.

8. During construction in the rainy season, the machinery should be parked on higher, solid ground away from rivers and reservoirs after completion of operations.

9. Personnel such as bottom clearing, road scraping, and slope repair who cooperate with excavation operations should work outside the rotation radius of the machine. If it is necessary to work within the radius of rotation, the machine must be stopped and the machine must be braked before starting work. Personnel on and off the machine should keep in touch at all times to ensure safe production.

10. When the operator leaves the cab, regardless of the length of time, the bucket must be dropped to the ground and the machine stopped.

11. When using an excavator to dig trenches, attention must be paid to the stability of the soil under the excavator.

12. Before driving the excavator, you should check whether there are people or obstacles around the machine, sound the horn to give a warning, and then start slowly after confirming that it is safe, and then enter normal operations.

It is strictly prohibited to start quickly, drive quickly, turn, or brake.

13. The traveling mechanism and braking system should be checked before walking.

14. When rotating, pay attention to the boom height and radius of rotation so that it does not touch the cave wall or groove.

15. If the driver wants to leave the operating position, he must turn off the bucket landing switch and turn off the engine regardless of the length of time he leaves.

16. Buckets are not allowed to be used to lift materials.

17. After the operation is completed, the excavator should be driven to a safe zone, the bucket should be dropped and the slewing mechanism should be braked, and the operating lever should be placed in the neutral position.