How to use the notional verbs in the sentence, what do you mean, what do you mean?

[Edit this paragraph] Defining a notional verb is relative to a linking verb, which is also called a linking verb. As a copula, it has its own meaning, but it cannot be used as a predicate alone. It must be followed by a predicate (also called complement) to form a copula structure to explain the status, nature and characteristics of the subject. The notional verb has a complete meaning and can be used as a predicate independently. Content verbs include transitive verbs and intransitive verbs (transitive verbs refer to verbs that need a direct object behind them; An intransitive verb is a verb that does not need to follow an object.

That is, action verbs, verbs that express actions. It is divided into transitive verbs and intransitive verbs [edit this paragraph] and classified into substantive verbs: transitive verbs (with objects); An intransitive verb (without an object).

transitive verb

A notional verb whose meaning must be followed by an object is called a transitive verb. For example:

I believe the committee will consider our suggestion. I believe the committee will consider our suggestion.

"How long can I keep this book?" Harry asked. Harry asked, "How long can I keep this book?"

Dr Bethune set a good example for us. Dr Bethune set a good example for us.

Crude oil contains many useful substances.

intransitive verb

A notional verb with complete meaning and no object behind it is called an intransitive verb. For example:

Birds can fly. Birds can fly.

It happened in June 1932. It happened in June 1932.

My watch has stopped. My watch has stopped.

She spoke at the meeting last night. She spoke at the meeting last night.

3) Can be used as both transitive and intransitive verbs There are many notional verbs in English that can be used as both transitive and intransitive verbs. There are two different kinds of verbs:

A) When used as both a transitive verb and an intransitive verb, the meaning remains the same. Try to compare:

Can I start right away? Can I start right away? (starts with an intransitive verb)

She began to work as a librarian after leaving school. She became a librarian after graduation. (starts with a transitive verb)

When did they leave Chicago? When did they leave Chicago? (leave as a transitive verb)

They left last week. They left last week. (left is an intransitive verb)

B) When used as transitive verbs and intransitive verbs, they sometimes have different meanings. For example:

Wash your hands before meals. wash hands before meals

Is this cloth washable? Is this cloth washable?

4) Comparison with Chinese Sometimes the usage of transitive verbs and intransitive verbs in English is different from that in Chinese. Please note the following two situations:

A) Some verbs in English can only be intransitive verbs, while Chinese can be transitive verbs, such as arrive, agree, 1isten Listen. In English, these verbs are often followed by prepositions. For example:

We arrived at the railway station at noon. We arrived at the railway station at noon. )

Everyone listened to the lecture with great interest. Everyone listened to the lecture with great interest. We all heard the lecture. )

Do they agree to the plan? Do they agree to the plan? (to cannot be omitted)

B) Some verbs can be used as transitive verbs in English, but not in Chinese, such as serve.

Our children are proud of serving the people wholeheartedly. Our children are taught to serve the people wholeheartedly [edit this paragraph] The usage of notional verbs has a complete meaning and can be used as predicates independently, which can be divided into transitive verbs and intransitive verbs.

1. The transitive verb needs an object.

Mr Smith gave his wife 20 pounds as a birthday present.

He asked the teacher some questions.

We have friends all over the world. We have friends all over the world.

Children and young people like bright colors. Children and young people like bright colors.

2. intransitive verbs don't need objects

Most shops in Britain open at 9 am and close at 5 or 5: 30 pm. Most shops in Britain open at 9 pm and close at 5 or 5: 30.

George's father lives there. George's father lives there.

Let's go home. Let's go home.

④ Examination ends at 1 1: 30 in the morning 1 1: 30 in the morning.

3. Special notional verbs

Many English verbs are both transitive verbs and intransitive verbs, such as

Close the door, start, study, leave, work, etc.

The post office closes at 9 p.m. ..

Please close the window. Please close the window.

Shall we start now? Shall we start now?

Bill began to work as a sailor after leaving school. Bill became a sailor after graduation.

They left yesterday. They left yesterday.

When did you leave Washington? When did you leave Washington?

All landowners students study hard. These students study hard.

The students study English and German. These students study English and German.

He works in a supermarket. He works in a supermarket.

He turns on the machine on Monday. He operates the machine on Monday.

3。 Notional verbs, also known as behavioral verbs. As far as we know now, there is generally no be verb in the sentence where the notional verb is located. In other words, when a sentence containing a notional verb becomes a negative sentence or a question, the be verb must not be used. So, how to use notional verbs? Just as be verbs can change into am, is and are with the change of subject, so do notional verbs in affirmative sentences. When the subject is the third person singular he, she, it, the notional verb should be changed to the corresponding third person singular; When the subjects are non-third person singular me, you, us and you, the notional verbs should use the prototype of the verbs. When you change negative sentences and interrogative sentences, you can't change them directly on verbs, but with the help of another verb: auxiliary verbs do and does.

(1) affirmative sentence:

I have a blue book.

He has a brother.

She wants to be a teacher.

They like playing basketball.

(2) Negative sentence: subject+don't/not+verb prototype. Among them, do/does is an auxiliary verb, which is used to help substantive verbs form negative sentences or interrogative sentences, but after adding do/does, the following verbs must use the verb prototype.

I have a blue book. I don't have a blue book.

He has a brother. He didn't.

She wants to be a teacher. She doesn't want to be a teacher.

They like playing basketball. They don't like playing basketball.

(3) General interrogative sentence: Do/Does+ subject+verb prototype +other? After adding do/does to a sentence, the verbs behind it must still be in the verb prototype.

1 I have a blue book. Do you have a blue book?

He has a brother. Does he have a brother?

My brother did his homework before he went home. (become a general question)

Does your brother do his homework before supper?

She wants to be a teacher. Does she want to be a teacher?

They like playing basketball. Do they like playing basketball?

(4) Special question: Special question+general question?

Your sister likes English best because it is very interesting. (Ask questions about the underlined part)

→ Why does your sister like English best?

He did his homework before supper. (Ask questions about the underlined part)

When does he do his homework?

Note: When phrases containing and are used as predicates or objects in sentences, when we turn such sentences into negative sentences, we must change and to or, for example:

He can swim and dance. He can't swim or dance.

My father likes English and math. (into a negative sentence)

My father doesn't like English and math.