At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the development of national capitalist economy experienced two stages: (a) low-level form, B, intermediate form, C, advanced form, D

At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the development of national capitalist economy experienced two stages: (a) low-level form, B, intermediate form, C, advanced form, D, private-public partnership of individual industries. Primary and intermediate state capitalism, in the form of sale, and advanced state capitalism, in the form of public-private partnership.

State capitalism refers to a capitalist economy that combines capital and state power and is controlled by the state. Its nature and function depend on the nature of the country. In capitalist countries, state capitalism is recognized and supervised by the state, which benefits the bourgeoisie and opposes the proletariat.

In capitalist countries, in fact, the state monopolizes capitalism and serves bourgeois rule and private capitalism in disguise; In socialist countries, it is actually a state-owned or semi-state-owned enterprise, which belongs to a means of economic development in socialist countries.

Extended data

The formation of bank monopoly organization has fundamentally changed the position and function of banks, that is, from the past lending intermediary to the all-round monopolist, and is increasingly integrated with industrial capital. This is manifested in:

1. Banks dominate the production and operation activities of industrial and commercial enterprises. A few big banks can understand the status of industrial and commercial enterprises through deposits and other financial services, supervise their business activities, and influence the disposable capital of industrial and commercial enterprises by expanding or reducing loans, thus determining their fate.

2. It promotes and accelerates the formation of monopoly organizations. The expansion of banking business and the increase of long-term loans have closely linked the fate of banks and industrial and commercial enterprises. On the one hand, bank credit increases the strength of large capital, and spontaneously promotes the formation of capital, production concentration and monopoly organizations in competition;

On the other hand, for the sake of their own interests, banks have also begun to consciously promote agreements between enterprises with credit relations to form monopoly organizations.

3. Banks become exchanges. After entering the stage of monopoly capitalism, banks become places to buy and sell stocks and bonds, and issue securities on behalf of industrial and commercial enterprises, so that all industrial and commercial enterprises must be established and expanded through banks. This makes bank capital and industrial capital penetrate each other and jointly implement personnel, and the result is the formation of financial capital.

On the basis of financial capital, a few largest monopoly capitalists who control banks and industries at the same time have gradually formed, that is, the so-called financial oligarchs. Financial oligarchs make full use of the shareholding and holding methods provided by the joint-stock company system, gradually enlarge from top to bottom, control many enterprises and dominate more enterprises, forming a huge capitalist enterprise group. This control mode is called "participatory system".

Baidu Encyclopedia-State Capitalism