Popular medical knowledge in the rehabilitation department (medical knowledge)

1. Medical knowledge

1. Foreign matter entering the eye. Any small object or liquid, even a grain of sand or a drop of detergent entering the eye, will cause eye pain, and even Damage to the cornea.

First aid method: First, blink hard and frequently, and use tears to flush out the foreign matter. If that doesn't work, pinch your eyelids up and rinse your eyes under the tap.

Be sure to take off your contact lenses. Absolutely prohibited: Do not rub your eyes. No matter how small a foreign object is, it will scratch the cornea and cause infection.

If a foreign body enters the deep part of the eye, be sure to seek medical attention immediately and ask a doctor to deal with it. Alert: If corrosive liquid splashes into your eyes, you must go to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment immediately; if your eyes are still uncomfortable after self-treatment, burning, edema or blurred vision, you also need to ask a doctor to use professional equipment for treatment , must not act recklessly.

2. Sprain When the ligaments around the joint are stretched too severely, beyond what they can bear, a sprain will occur. Sprains are usually accompanied by bruising and edema. First aid method: Within 24 hours after the sprain occurs, try to use an ice pack every hour for half an hour.

Wrap the injured area with an elastic compression bandage and raise the injured area. After 24 hours, start applying hot compresses to the affected area to promote blood circulation in the injured area.

Absolutely prohibited: Do not move the injured joint at will, otherwise it will easily cause ligament tear, making recovery relatively difficult. Warning: If after several days of self-treatment and rest, the affected area is still painful and has difficulty moving, it may be a fracture, muscle strain, or ligament rupture, and you need to go to the hospital immediately.

3. Nosebleeds Nosebleeds are caused by the rupture of blood vessels in the nasal cavity. The blood vessels in the nose are very fragile, so nosebleeds are also a relatively common minor accident. First aid method: Lean forward slightly and pinch the cartilage under the bridge of the nose with your fingers for about 5-15 minutes.

If possible, placing a small ice pack on the bridge of the nose can also quickly stop bleeding. Absolutely prohibited: Forcibly tilting your head back will cause nosebleeds to flow into your mouth, and some blood will inevitably be sucked into your lungs in a panic. This is neither safe nor hygienic.

Alert: If the nosebleed continues for 20 minutes and still does not stop, the patient should go to the hospital immediately and seek help from a doctor. If the nosebleeds are too frequent without any reason, or are accompanied by other symptoms such as headaches, tinnitus, vision loss, dizziness, etc., then you must go to the hospital for treatment, because this may be a concussion or serious injury to the brain.

4. Burns are divided into three levels: first-level burns will cause the skin to become red and stinging; second-level burns will cause obvious blisters; and third-level burns will cause the skin to rupture. Turn black. First aid method: Once a burn occurs, immediately rinse the burned area under running water or apply a cold compress with a cold towel. If the burn area is large, the injured person should soak the entire body in a bathtub filled with cold water.

You can wrap gauze or a bandage loosely around the burn to protect it. Absolutely prohibited: Do not use ice to treat burns. Ice will damage the damaged skin and worsen the wound.

Do not burst the blisters, as this may leave scars. Don't apply antibiotic ointment or grease to the wound casually, as these sticky substances can easily become contaminated with dirt.

Alert: Third-degree burns, electric shock burns, and chemical burns must go to the hospital for medical treatment. In addition, if the patient develops a cough, watery eyes, or difficulty breathing, he or she needs professional medical help.

If the second-degree burn is larger than the palm of your hand, the patient should also go to the hospital. Professional treatment can avoid leaving scars. 5. Choking: True suffocation rarely occurs in real life. Choking on drinking water or choking on food is generally not considered suffocation.

When suffocation occurs, the patient will have a strong cough, cannot speak or breathe, and the face will turn red or purple in a short period of time. First aid: First call an ambulance quickly.

While waiting for the ambulance, you need to take the following measures: Have the patient lean forward and pat the patient's back firmly between the shoulders with the palm of your hand.

If that doesn't work, you need to stand behind the patient, put your fist against the patient's abdomen and back, hold the fist with your other hand, and push up and down five times to help the patient breathe.

Patients can also take such self-rescue measures: press their abdomen against a hard object, such as a kitchen countertop, and then squeeze the abdomen hard to pop out the thing stuck in the throat. Absolute no-no: Do ??not give water or other food to a patient who is coughing.

Alert: Whenever suffocation occurs, an ambulance needs to be called quickly to rescue the patient. 6. Poisoning Poisoning in the home is usually caused by accidental ingestion of cleaning and washing products, inhalation of carbon monoxide or ingestion of pesticides.

First aid: If the patient is unconscious or has difficulty breathing, call an ambulance quickly and be prepared to answer the following questions: what substance was ingested or inhaled, how much, the patient’s weight, age, and Poisoning time. Absolute no-no: Not calling an ambulance until symptoms appear will often delay treatment.

While waiting for rescue, do not give the patient anything to eat or drink, and do not try to help the patient induce vomiting, because some toxic substances may damage other organs of the patient during the process of being vomited out. Bright alarm: Whenever poisoning occurs, an ambulance needs to be called quickly to rescue the patient.

7. The head is "attacked" The skull itself is very hard, so ordinary external forces rarely cause skull damage. If the external force is too strong, the fragile blood vessels in the neck, back, and head will become "victims."

First aid: If you have a bump on your head, applying an ice pack to the affected area can reduce edema. If the head begins to bleed after being hit, treat it in the same way as a cut, that is, use a clean towel to press the wound to stop the bleeding, then go to the hospital to stitch the wound and check for internal injuries.

If the injured person faints, he or she needs to call an ambulance and be rushed to the hospital without delay. Absolute no-no: Do ??not let the injured person sleep alone.

Within 24 hours after being injured, someone must accompany the injured person. If the injured person falls asleep, the injured person must be woken up every three hours and asked to answer a few simple questions. Questions to ensure that the injured person is not unconscious or has intracranial injuries, such as a concussion. Alert: when the injured person has convulsions.

2. Theoretical knowledge required for rehabilitation therapy

Rehabilitation therapy major of Sun Yat-sen Medical College (four-year program)

Rehabilitation therapy major (four-year program) (Production): Cultivate senior talents in international rehabilitation medicine and physical therapy in related fields. Can engage in clinical, teaching and scientific research work in modern physical therapy, as well as careers in education, management, professional media, professional equipment sales and research and development, as well as work in medicine and health-related fields.

Most of the courses offered have been rated as national, provincial and school-level quality courses. The professional courses use the original English teaching materials recommended by the World Federation of Physical Therapy, and also draw lessons from physical therapy in Hong Kong, Taiwan and other places. Learn professional textbooks. It has a strong teaching staff, technical teaching laboratories, scientific research laboratories and a first-class clinical practice base. In addition to the First, Second, and Third Affiliated Hospitals of Sun Yat-sen University, internship units also include well-known hospitals in Beijing, Shanghai, and Nanjing. Every summer, two groups of students are arranged to go to the Nethersole Eastern Cluster Hospital in Hong Kong for summer internship.

Teachers of professional courses are sent overseas for teaching training to improve the teaching level of young teachers. 16 young and middle-aged teachers have completed further training at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Several overseas university professors have been hired as visiting professors, and Hong Kong experts have been invited to give professional courses to students in person. Fully apply multimedia technology for teaching, produce a large number of multimedia teaching software for reference by young teachers and classmates, and establish a digital teaching platform for Bb professional courses.

The current employment situation is good, the employment rate is high, the work level is high, and the society has good evaluation. Actively recommend qualified graduates to continue their studies abroad.

Main courses:: Human anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pathology, medical psychology, diagnostics, internal medicine, surgery, rehabilitation medicine, kinesiology, neuromusculoskeletal examination Neuromusculoskeletal Examination and Assess ***ent, Therapeutic Exercise, Physical Factor Therapy, Manipulation, Sports Medicine, Disability Rehabilitation, Neurological Physiotherapy, Bones Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy, Sports Physiotherapy, Acupuncture, Massage and Traditional Exercises.

Among them: courses with English titles are English textbooks. Human anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, experimental physiological sciences, pathology, pathophysiology, medical statistics, medical imaging, and surgery are national-level quality courses. Internal medicine is a provincial-level quality course. Rehabilitation medicine, neurological physical therapy and musculoskeletal physical therapy are school-level quality courses.

Pathogen biology (human parasitology, medical microbiology) is a national-level bilingual teaching model course.

3. What does rehabilitation medicine include?

The content of rehabilitation medicine includes rehabilitation prevention, rehabilitation diagnosis and rehabilitation treatment.

Rehabilitation prevention, also known as preventive rehabilitation medicine, is one of the important contents of rehabilitation medicine. It mainly studies the epidemiology of disability, causes of disability and preventive measures. Disability prevention is carried out at three levels: primary prevention is to prevent the occurrence of injuries, diseases, developmental defects, etc. that can lead to disability; secondary prevention is to early detect and treat existing injuries and illnesses to prevent residual disabilities; tertiary prevention is to prevent minor injuries, illnesses, and developmental defects from occurring. After severe disabilities or defects occur, active rehabilitation should be carried out to limit their development and avoid permanent and serious disabilities.

In the first two stages, disability is a potential danger and can be prevented; in the third stage, disability is reversible within a certain period of time, and early intervention through rehabilitation measures may eliminate or reduce disability; if If rehabilitative medical measures are not used until the late stage of the disease, the functional impairment will not be easily improved and may become a permanent disability. Therefore, rehabilitation medicine measures should be introduced in the acute stage of the disease and arranged in parallel with the treatment, rather than supplementing the treatment medicine in the later stages of the disease.

Rehabilitation diagnosis is functional assessment (functional assesses *** ent), which mainly includes: motor function assessment (such as manual muscle strength test, joint mobility measurement, gait analysis, hemiplegia motor function assessment, etc.) , assessment of activities of daily living, electromyography and other neuromuscular electrophysiological measurements, cardiopulmonary function measurements, psychological tests and occupational assessments, etc. Rehabilitation treatment mainly includes exercise therapy, physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, psychotherapy, prosthetic and orthotic installation, rehabilitation nursing, recreational therapy, vocational consultation, etc.

4. What theoretical knowledge should a rehabilitation therapist possess

1. Have basic theoretical knowledge of the basic disciplines of the profession (human anatomy, kinesiology, physiology, human growth and development, etc. ).

2. Have basic theoretical knowledge of rehabilitation medicine and modern rehabilitation therapy, and have a systematic and in-depth grasp of the basic theories of physical therapy and occupational therapy. 3. Have basic clinical knowledge of neurological and orthopedic diseases related to rehabilitation treatment.

4. Have basic knowledge of TCM theory, and systematically master the basic theories of TCM rehabilitation treatment (such as massage and TCM manipulation, acupuncture, Tai Chi, etc.). 5. Have basic knowledge of speech therapy, psychotherapy, application of prosthetics and orthotics, etc.

6. Have basic knowledge of social medicine, medical ethics, and disability science. 7. Have basic theoretical knowledge of functional assessment related to motor dysfunction, impairment of activities of daily living, cognitive impairment, etc.

8. Have knowledge of a foreign language and basic knowledge of medical statistics, computer applications, etc.

9. Have knowledge of relevant medical regulations and policies or administrative guidelines.

Be familiar with regulations or industry guidelines such as the "Regulations on the Management of Medical Institutions", "Regulations on the Handling of Medical Accidents", "Management Standards for the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine in General Hospitals".