What precautions should be taken during high slope excavation construction?

1. Principles of environmental protection (1) Principle of synchronization: Environmental protection projects and construction projects should be designed, constructed and operated at the same time. (2) Target principle: Use limited funds to minimize environmental damage and strive to improve the environment. (3) Prevention principle: prevention first, combination of prevention and treatment, and comprehensive management. (4) Improve principles: improve construction plans, construction techniques, and environmental protection design. 2. Environmental management implementation control (1) Preparation stage: During the construction preparation process, professionals are organized to conduct on-site inspections of water conservation and environmental protection materials, and the construction environmental protection plan is reported while preparing the "Implementation Construction Organization Design". (2) Implementation stage: Based on the approved environmental protection plan, formulate environmental protection control content, goals, and objectives, and monitor the entire construction process. (3) Evaluation stage: After the completion of the project, the effects of environmental protection projects and environmental measures are inspected and evaluated. 3. During the construction of the preliminary environmental protection plan, comply with national and local regulations on environmental protection and environmental pollution control, and take necessary measures to prevent harmful substances such as fuel, oil, sewage, waste and garbage from polluting rivers, lakes, ponds and reservoirs during construction. pollution, prevent and control environmental air pollution caused by dust, gasoline and other substances, prevent and control environmental pollution caused by noise, and reduce the impact of construction on the environment, air and residents' lives to the extent permitted by regulations. (1) Excavation and filling construction: Take effective preventive measures during the construction period to prevent the land occupied by the construction site or the land temporarily used from being washed away; prevent the earth and rock materials excavated during the construction from affecting rivers, waterways, irrigation canals or drainage The system will be silted or blocked; it will prevent water from scouring the slope during the rainy season and reduce pollution to nearby waters. (2) Bridge and culvert construction: The construction of water culverts and ditch (canal) bridges will not change the original water system. If any changes occur, they must be reported to the owner for approval. The design after the change must improve the treatment of the incoming (delivery) water. After the construction is completed, the silt, Scrap. A slurry storage tank is set up at the construction site. The mud from the bored piles is uniformly discharged into the mud tank. After settling, it is discharged into the local drainage system. The drilled ballast is transported to the designated location to avoid contaminating farmland and rivers. (3) Temporary drainage: During the construction period, good drainage status of the construction site should always be maintained, and some temporary drainage channels should be built and connected to permanent drainage facilities, without causing siltation and erosion. During the rainy season, embankments should be filled with excavation, transportation, filling, and compaction in sequence; the surface of each layer should be built with an appropriate cross slope to prevent water from accumulating. (4) Borrow pit: Go to the borrow pit to retrieve soil according to the location marked on the construction drawings. First remove the topsoil and then stack it together. The soil should be collected as concentrated as possible to reduce the area occupied. After the soil borrowing task is completed, protection and drainage treatment shall be carried out according to the design requirements, the surface soil shall be covered on the soil borrowing surface, and greening shall be carried out as required. (5) Spoil yard: The spoil yard is used for temporary parking and repair of machinery. The protection and drainage works of the spoil site shall be constructed in accordance with the design requirements. After the project is completed, the hardened layer will be removed and covered with concentrated piles of cultivated soil and planting soil, which can be used as orchards and nurseries. (6) Construction dust control: Construction dust mainly originates from excavation and filling work surfaces and construction access roads. To this end, the first is to fix sprinklers and equipment on the excavation and filling work surface to control construction dust; the second is to form an environmental protection and road maintenance team consisting of 3 to 4 people and two water trucks, whose task is to ensure the smoothness and surface of the road Humidity and control of dust caused by construction vehicles. (7) Green vegetation: During construction, it is strictly prohibited to destroy existing green plants outside the scope of highway land, and no random cutting and other forms of man-made damage are allowed. . If existing green vegetation is damaged under structures such as bridges or due to the construction of temporary works, you should be responsible for restoring it when the temporary works are removed. The area passed by this section of the highway has dense vegetation and good tree growth, including many precious and rare species of trees or ancient trees. During the construction process, precious and rare species of trees or ancient trees will be transplanted. (8) The following measures will be taken during the construction of this section to avoid and reduce the impact of nighttime construction on the surrounding environment. ① Optimize the construction plan to minimize disturbance to residents. ② Use direct lighting as much as possible for night construction lighting, and strictly control the use of diffuse lighting to reduce the impact of light on residents. Conscientiously implement and comply with national and local laws and regulations on environmental protection, and take reasonable measures to protect the construction site and surrounding environment. 4. Environmental protection measures (1) Establish an environmental protection office led by the project manager and environmental protection engineer of the project department and attended by environmental engineers and observers from each engineering office to supervise, inspect and manage the construction of environmental protection projects and the implementation of environmental protection measures in the contract period .

(2) Establish environmental awareness and environmental ethics among all employees, form a good atmosphere of loving the environment and beautifying the environment among all employees, and make full ideological preparations for environmental management. (3) Strengthen supervision and inspection of the quality of environmental protection work. (4) Ensure the construction quality of environmental protection projects and water conservation projects. (5) Strictly implement a reward and punishment system that integrates environmental protection work evaluation with construction progress and quality evaluation. If the quality of environmental protection work is unqualified, rewards will be canceled and a certain amount of fine will be imposed. 2. Soil and Water Conservation Guarantee System 1. Construction wastewater and domestic sewage shall not be discharged directly into fields, cultivated land, irrigation canals, or into drinking water sources. 2. Measures should be taken to properly handle the construction area and sand and gravel yard during construction and after completion to reduce erosion of rivers and streams and prevent sediment from entering rivers or streams. 3. Rinse aggregates or operating water containing sediments, and take filtration, sedimentation tank treatment or other measures to achieve discharge standards. 4. During construction, construction materials such as cement, oil, chemicals, etc. should be stacked and managed strictly to prevent materials from being discharged with rainwater runoff into the surface and nearby waters to cause pollution during the rainy season or heavy rain season. 5. Prevent serious oil leakage from construction machinery. It is prohibited to directly discharge oil pollution generated by machinery during operation without treatment, or to directly discharge oily sewage during maintenance of construction machinery.