The origin of Putonghua is 50 words.

Putonghua takes Beijing dialect as the standard pronunciation, northern dialect as the basic dialect, and typical modern vernacular as the grammatical norm.

Extended data

Its position as a Chinese national homophonic is formed by history. On the one hand, Beijing dialect, as a representative of northern dialects, has spread all over the country as a common language of the government for hundreds of years and developed into an "official dialect"; On the other hand, after the "Vernacular Movement", writers consciously wrote in Putonghua, and a large number of typical works emerged as the standard of written Putonghua.

The "Putonghua Movement" has enhanced the representativeness of Beijing dialect in spoken language and promoted Beijing dialect to become the standard pronunciation of the whole nation. The special political, economic, cultural status and population advantages of the northern dialect area have established the status of Putonghua as a homonym of the Han nationality.

Standard Mandarin/Putonghua is a modern standard Chinese with Beijing accent as the standard pronunciation, northern dialect (Mandarin) as the basic dialect, and typical modern vernacular as the grammatical norm. As one of the working languages of the United Nations, Mandarin has become an important bridge for cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries and the first choice for foreigners to learn Chinese. ?

By 20 15, 70% of the population in China has the ability to use Putonghua, and about 400 million people are limited to one-way communication. The Implementation Plan of the National Common Language Popularization Project plans to basically popularize the national common language in the whole country by 2020. Specifically, the average popularization rate of Putonghua in the whole country is over 80%.

The word "Putonghua" appeared in the late Qing Dynasty. The Qing court defined Beijing Mandarin as "Mandarin" in 1909, and the pronunciation of Mandarin was formulated many times during the Republic of China. After the founding of New China, it was stipulated in 1955 that the national common language was Putonghua. The predecessor of Mandarin is Mandarin in Ming and Qing Dynasties, before which it was called Yayan.

Evolution: 1909, the Qing government named Beijing Mandarin as the national language; During the Republic of China, standards were formulated many times. 19 18, Beiyang government published the first set of nationally recognized phonetic symbols. 1923, the fifth meeting of the Preparatory Committee for the Unification of Putonghua decided to formulate the pronunciation based on the grammar of modern North China Mandarin and Beijing dialect. 1932, after the Ministry of Education of the National Government promulgated the General Vocabulary of Guoyin, the standard of Putonghua was determined.

1953 after the founding of new China, Beijing and Luanping county, Chengde city, Hebei province were the main places to collect standard putonghua pronunciation, and the standard was popularized to the whole country on 1955. In 2000, People's Republic of China (PRC) General Language Law established the legal status of Putonghua and standardized Chinese characters as the national common language.

Baidu Encyclopedia: Mandarin