Discussion on architectural design of sewage treatment plant?

This paper expounds the technological process of sewage treatment plant, probes into the features of architectural design of sewage treatment plant, and sums up five development trends of architectural design of sewage treatment plant on the basis of architectural design practice.

At present, in the architectural design of sewage treatment plants, designers should carefully select technologies and consider optimization schemes according to the characteristics of sewage treatment projects and learn from the experience and technology of others. At the same time, we attach importance to giving full play to regional cultural characteristics, and combine the characteristics and functions of sewage treatment plant buildings with regions, nationalities and cultures on the basis of meeting the requirements of sewage treatment technology, so as to fully explore and shape the unique corporate image and enrich the corporate cultural connotation. Pursue the overall coordination of sewage treatment plant buildings with natural environment and human environment, and establish a monument of environmental protection image.

1 process flow of sewage treatment plant

The whole sewage treatment process is that the raw sewage passing through the coarse grid is lifted by the sewage lifting pump, and then enters the grit chamber after passing through the grid or screen separator, and then the sewage separated from sand and water enters the primary grit chamber, which is the first-stage treatment (that is, physical treatment). The effluent from the primary sedimentation tank enters the biological treatment equipment, and the effluent from the biological treatment equipment enters the secondary sedimentation tank by activated sludge method and biofilm method. The effluent from the secondary sedimentation tank is discharged after disinfection or enters the tertiary treatment, and the primary treatment ends here as the secondary treatment. The tertiary treatment includes biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal, coagulation and sedimentation, sand filtration, activated carbon adsorption, ion exchange and electrodialysis. Part of the sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank flows back to the primary sedimentation tank or biological treatment equipment, and part of it enters the sludge concentration tank and then enters the sludge digestion tank. After dehydration and drying equipment, the sludge is finally utilized.

2 sewage treatment plant architectural design characteristics

2. 1 basic engineering design

Generally, the foundation of the main structure such as lifting pump room, ozone contact pool, blower room and ozone generator room is adopted.

2.2 Main structure engineering design

The main structures such as pipe gallery, filter bottom plate, wallboard and walkway slab are generally cast-in-place C25 shrinkage compensating waterproof concrete, and the impermeability grade of concrete is S6. Brick masonry adopts MU 10 sintered porous brick, masonry below the ground adopts M 10 cement mortar, and masonry above the ground adopts M5 mixed mortar; The cushion layer is made of C 10 concrete and the precast slab is made of C30 concrete; Iron ladder railings are all made of stainless steel railings.

2.3 Design of lifting pump house and ozone contact pool

The design grade, foundation and structural construction method of the lifting pump house and ozone contact pool are the same as those of other buildings, but the surface layer has different methods: the facade is leveled layer by layer with cement mortar and covered with white strip-shaped external wall bricks. The non-open roof of the pool adopts polished vitrified brick surface layer; The inner wall is made of fair-faced concrete. After the finish of fair-faced concrete surface, IPN87 10-2B shall be used on both sides of anticorrosion coating.

2.4 wastewater pool design

The general pavement practice is to use C20 plain concrete to find slope for the floor; Fair-faced concrete is used for the inner and outer walls of wallboard and the bottom surface of roof; Because the pool is completely buried in the soil, the top surface of the pool roof and the outside of the pool wall need to be coated with two layers of cold priming oil.

2.5 Design of sludge concentration tank

The foundation is generally constructed by soil replacement cushion method, and the muddy clay layer is dug to the silty clay layer and replaced with medium-coarse sand cushion to the bottom of the pool. The surface course is as follows: the bottom surface, wallboard and inner wall of rubble concrete conical wall are leveled by layers with 1B2 cement mortar; The exterior wall shall be painted with cold primer twice below the ground, polished with cement mortar above the ground, and painted with paint for middle and high-grade exterior walls. The floor of the walkway adopts square floor tiles.

2.6 Design of blower room and ozone generator room

The fire resistance rating of the building and the waterproof rating of the roof are designed according to the requirements. Generally, it is a cast-in-place reinforced concrete frame structure, and the foundation is 500 prestressed thin-walled pipe pile foundation. 1) masonry project: MU 10 standard clay brick and M 10 cement mortar are generally used for interior design; The interior design adopts MU 10 sintered porous brick, and M5 mixed mortar is used for masonry above the ground. 2) Roofing project: Generally, the slope-finding material for buildings is expanded perlite, the thermal insulation material is 40-thick polystyrene foam insulation board, the waterproof coating is JS polymer waterproof coating with a thickness of 1.5, and the waterproof coiled material is chlorinated polyethylene rubber * * * mixed coiled material. 3) Suspended ceiling project: light steel keel perforated metal plate suspended ceiling is usually adopted, and paper reinforcement plastering is adopted. 4) Wall decoration project: The impermeability of cement mortar at the base of wall should be increased. Type B, the interior wall is decorated with white latex paint or ceramic tiles; Brick surface of exterior wall. 5) Doors and windows engineering: aluminum alloy doors and windows or wooden doors and windows are usually used. 6) Paint anti-corrosion project: generally, wood embedded parts are subjected to anti-corrosion twice with cold priming oil, and metal embedded parts and exposed iron parts are subjected to anti-corrosion coating PN87 10; The wooden door was covered with putty.

2.7 Design of Dehydration Machine Room

The foundation generally adopts independent foundation under column and strip foundation. Other structures are similar to blower room and ozone generator room.

2.8 Other architectural design

The design of power transformation and distribution equipment room, comprehensive office building, laboratory, dormitory, canteen and security room in the factory can only meet the basic production control requirements, mainly to save investment. In the overall civil design of sewage treatment plant building, advanced technology should be actively and steadily adopted in combination with the scale of sewage treatment plant, sewage quality, treatment technology, local actual situation and geotechnical engineering conditions of the site to reduce the occupied area and engineering investment.

3 development trend of architectural design of sewage treatment plant

3. 1 architectural landscape trend of sewage treatment plant

More and more construction units and designers have begun to shift the planning and design center of buildings from the previous sewage treatment equipment to the concept of man and nature, and attach importance to and strive to reflect people's love for natural scenery. In the design of architectural space, create a good living environment that makes people feel beautiful and intimate, and finally achieve the unity and coordination between man and nature.

3.2 High-tech trend of sewage treatment plant buildings

High-tech materials are used in the construction of sewage treatment plant to improve the flexibility, versatility and diversification of the building; In the building structure system, a new type of long-span structure system is adopted; In terms of technical equipment, it meets the requirements of miniaturization, automation, cleanliness and accuracy of sewage treatment and management and environmental pollution; In information technology, the establishment of computer automatic control system makes the process and information flow smoother.

3.3 Energy-saving and environmental protection trend of sewage treatment plant buildings

Because the odor of sewage and sludge itself is released in the process flow, it has brought some pollution to the surrounding environment. Therefore, sewage treatment plants should eliminate their own pollution. The sewage treatment plant adopting blast aeration should choose a low-noise blast system, and the sludge should be disposed by landfill. It is necessary to prevent the sewage sludge from polluting groundwater, and treat the sewage sludge before it is discharged. Sludge disposal plants using sludge drying and incineration technology should treat toxic gases to prevent them from polluting the atmosphere.

3.4 Diversification trend of sewage treatment plant buildings

Under the multicultural background, the diversification of investors, the regional culture of the construction site, the participation of enterprise brands and design firms have greatly promoted the formation and development of architectural diversification of sewage treatment plants. While accepting globalization, domestic designers have begun to realize the value of national, regional and local culture. While cooperating and competing on an equal footing, they strive to create colorful buildings with cross-cultural characteristics.

3.5 Urban design trend of sewage treatment plant buildings

Under the background that governments at all levels attach importance to urban design, they should also attach importance to the construction of sewage treatment plants. The sewage treatment plant can not simply complete the single design, but should create urban space by applying the subject characteristics of architecture from the height of urban design, reasonably extend and supplement urban planning, and devote itself to the traffic organization and urban traffic streamline in the plant area. Establishing the ecological relationship between architecture and city and its sustainable development will certainly bring a brand-new image to the city. Some sewage treatment plants have created the iconic visual focus and architectural image of the city by establishing corporate logo buildings.

4 conclusion

With the development of economy, any country has brought different degrees of environmental pollution, and sewage is one of the sources of environmental pollution. The emergence of sewage as a pollution source has attracted the attention of governments at all levels, and measures and laws and regulations to control water pollution have also been introduced one after another, among which the construction of sewage treatment plants is one of the important measures. At present, many towns and industrial areas have invested a lot of money to build and operate sewage treatment plants. The construction of sewage treatment plants has become a necessary measure to purify the sewage environment in other towns and industrial areas.

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