What is hazardous waste and what kinds of hazardous waste are there?

1, with one or more hazardous characteristics such as corrosiveness, toxicity, flammability, reactivity or infectivity;

2. It is not excluded that it is dangerous and may have harmful effects on the environment or human health, and it needs to be managed according to hazardous waste.

Type:

1, solid waste;

2. Liquid waste.

Hazardous waste hazards:

1, destroying the ecological environment. Under the long-term infiltration and diffusion of rainwater and groundwater, hazardous wastes discharged and stored will pollute water and soil and reduce the environmental function level of the region.

2, affecting human health. Hazardous waste causes poisoning through ingestion, inhalation, skin absorption and eye contact, or causes dangerous events such as burning and explosion; Long-term hazards include long-term poisoning, carcinogenesis, teratogenesis and mutation caused by repeated contact.

3. Restrict sustainable development. Air, water and soil pollution caused by untreated or irregular treatment and disposal of hazardous wastes will also become the bottleneck restricting economic activities.

Hazardous waste treatment methods:

1. Physical treatment: Physical treatment changes the structure of solid waste through concentration or phase change? Make it into a form convenient for transportation, storage, utilization or disposal, including compaction, crushing, sorting, thickening, adsorption, extraction and other methods.

2. Chemical treatment: Chemical treatment is to destroy harmful components in solid waste by chemical methods, so as to achieve harmlessness or transform them into forms suitable for further treatment and disposal. Its purpose is to change the chemical properties of the treated substance, thus reducing its harmfulness. This is a common pretreatment measure before the final disposal of hazardous waste, and its treatment equipment is conventional chemical equipment.

3. Biological treatment: Biological treatment is to decompose degradable organic matter in solid waste by microorganisms, so as to realize harmless or comprehensive utilization. Biological treatment methods include aerobic treatment, anaerobic treatment and facultative anaerobic treatment. Compared with chemical treatment, biological treatment is generally cheaper economically? Widely used? However, the treatment process takes a long time and the treatment efficiency is not stable enough.

4. Heat treatment: Heat treatment is to destroy and change the composition and structure of solid waste through high temperature, and at the same time achieve the purpose of volume reduction, harmlessness or comprehensive utilization. The method includes incineration, pyrolysis, wet oxidation, roasting and sintering. Waste with high calorific value or high toxicity is treated harmlessly by incineration process, and waste heat from incineration is recovered for comprehensive utilization, physical/chemical treatment, staff bathing and life. Thereby reducing the processing cost and energy waste.

5. Curing treatment: Curing treatment is to fix or coat waste with solidified matrix to reduce its harm to the environment. It is a relatively safe treatment process for transporting and disposing of waste, mainly used for hazardous waste and radioactive waste, and the volume of solidified body is much larger than that of original waste.