Safety operation procedures for pile foundation construction?

The safety operation rules of pile foundation construction are very important. Safe operation is the first element of construction, and the handling of every detail is very critical. We should do our best in combination with the actual situation. Zhong Da Consulting will introduce the safety operation procedures for pile foundation construction.

Section 1 General Provisions 1. 1 The use of all kinds of mechanical and electrical equipment, temporary power lines for construction and electricity for production and life on the construction site of pile foundation engineering shall comply with the relevant provisions of Chapter II, Chapter IV, Chapter XV and Chapter 50th of this specification. 1.2 Before entering the site for construction, site survey must be conducted according to the construction site provided by the owner and the distribution of nearby high and low voltage transmission lines, underground pipelines, communication cables and surrounding structures; During construction in valley, river bank or water area, meteorological and hydrological data such as geological topography, mountain torrents, highest water level, maximum wind force, thunderstorm season and annual thunderstorm days should be collected, and special safety construction organization design should be formulated. 1.3 self-made or modified machinery and equipment must have design scheme, design drawings, design calculations, protective devices to ensure safe use and technical measures to ensure production quality, technical standards for identification and acceptance of machinery and equipment before use, operating instructions and technical regulations for safe operation, and must be reviewed and approved by the chief engineer of the enterprise. Before putting into use, all kinds of self-made or modified machinery and equipment must be appraised and accepted by relevant personnel of enterprise design, production, installation, equipment management, technical safety management and construction site according to the design requirements before putting into use. 2.4 Cable laying shall be adopted for temporary power lines on the construction site of pile foundation engineering. The laying of temporary power lines shall conform to the requirements of the construction organization design for special safe electricity use and the relevant provisions of Chapter 15 of this Regulation. For cable lines that need to be moved frequently, they should be laid in places that are not easy to be run over by vehicles, trampled by people and collided with pipelines and work, and should not be placed in soil and water. Electricians must cut off power at least once a week, check the wear and tear of the outer layer of cables, and handle problems in time when found. When cables pass through temporary roads, steel pipes should be used as sheaths, trenches should be dug and buried, and firm and obvious guiding signs should be set. 1.5 each mechanical equipment must be equipped with a special switch cabinet or switch box, and electrical devices such as overcurrent, overload, short circuit and leakage protection must be installed in the cabinet (box). The protective grounding of mechanical equipment and switch cabinet, the rainproof and moistureproof measures of switch cabinet (box) and the installation of switch electrical devices and switch cabinet (box) in the cabinet (box) shall comply with the Technical Specification for Temporary Electricity Safety on Construction Site (JGJ46) and the relevant provisions in Chapter 15 of this specification. 1.6 safe and sufficient lighting shall be provided for night construction, and safe voltage shall be used for hand-held traveling lights. In case of sudden power failure, when operators need to leave the job site in time, they must install emergency lighting devices with their own power supply. The selection, installation and use of lighting lamps and lanterns shall comply with the Technical Specification for Temporary Electricity Safety on Construction Site (JGJ46) and the relevant provisions in Chapter 15 of this specification. 1.7 The use of self-provided generator sets shall be managed by special personnel, and shall comply with the Technical Specification for Safety of Temporary Electricity Use on Construction Sites (JGJ46) and the relevant provisions in Chapter 15 of this specification. 1.8 All drilling rigs shall be operated by skilled drillers, and the main operators shall hold relevant certificates. All orifice operators must wear safety helmet and non-slip shoes. 1.9 When the equipment is running, it is forbidden for anyone to touch or cross the rotating, transmission parts and wire rope. It is forbidden to stand on the drill floor. 1. 10 When lifting drilling tools (or grabbing operations), hole operators should stand outside the lifting range of drilling tools. 1. 1 1 Before lifting the drilling tool, it is necessary to check whether the brake device, clutch and operating handle of the elevator are in normal working condition and whether the anti-unhooking lock of the elevator is firm. 1. 12 During lifting operation, it is not allowed to clean the drilling tools directly by hand. When the drilling tool is suspended, it is not allowed to check and replace the bit wing. 1. 13 When the rotary table unscrews the drill pipe, the pad fork should have a safety hook, and it is forbidden to use a quick gear. When twisting and unloading, the vibration should be struck with a human sledgehammer, and it is forbidden to use a mechanical or hydraulic system to force twisting and unloading. 1.65438+ When dragging and unloading drilling tools, you can only pull out the drill pipe by hand. It is forbidden to drag the drill pipe with your shoulders. 1. 15 Operators on the tower must fasten their seat belts, and materials and tools are prohibited from being placed on the platform. 1. 16 The following regulations shall be observed when dealing with accidents in the well: 1 We should first understand and analyze the situation in the well, including the connection firmness of drill pipes and tools when running in the well. At the same time, it is necessary to check the safety status of relevant equipment and tools on site. 2. It is forbidden to trip out the accident drilling tools due to overload and strength. 3 when reversing drilling tools, wire rope commutator should be used and chain tongs should be used for reversing. No one is allowed to stand in the rebound range. Do not use pipe tongs to reverse the pipeline. 4. When jacking and reversing drilling tools, all personnel except direct operators should be evacuated to safety. 5 it is forbidden for operators to enter the hole. 1. 17 When welding at the job site, the relevant provisions in Chapter 4 and Chapter 1 1 of this specification shall be observed. 1. 18 During operation, if the downtime is long, the pile hammer should be dropped and padded. The piling hammer shall not be suspended during maintenance. 1. 19 When it is necessary to cooperate with the blasting operation, the blasting safety regulations (GB6722) shall be strictly observed. 1.20 The dangerous areas in the construction site should be protected by fences and cover plates. , and set up warning signs, set up a red light warning at night. 1.2 1 The layout of mud pools, sedimentation tanks and circulating pools necessary for drilling rig construction should follow the principle of "on demand, convenience, environmental protection and civilization". 1.22 In case of severe weather such as thunderstorm, fog and gale with magnitude 6 or above, all operations should be stopped. When the wind force exceeds 7 or there is a storm warning, the pile driver should be parked in the downwind, and the cable wind rope should be hung, or the pile should be put on the ground. When the column length exceeds 27m, it should be put down in advance. 1.23 After the operation, the pile driver should be parked on a solid and flat ground, the pile hammer should be dropped and padded, and the power supply should be cut off. Section 2 Installation, Removal and Migration of Equipment 2. 1 Installation and removal of all kinds of mechanical equipment shall be carried out in strict accordance with the factory instructions and the prepared special installation and removal plan. 2.2 Before the mechanical equipment is moved, the upper clearance of bridges and culverts and the bearing capacity of roads and bridges on the operation route should be found out. When crossing the bridge, you should use low gear to slow down, and don't turn or brake on the bridge deck. For bridges with insufficient bearing capacity, reinforcement measures must be formulated in advance. 2.3 Mechanical equipment must be installed on a flat and solid site. In case of soft ground, it must be compacted first, and the abutment wood and block should be padded. For the drilling rig working on the bench, the chassis of the drilling rig must be reliably connected with the bench. 2.4 Mechanical equipment must be installed smoothly and horizontally. The rotation center of rotary drilling rig and the groove edge of crown block pulley of impact (grab) drilling rig should be aligned with the pile hole position along the vertical line, and the deviation should not be greater than the design allowable value (10~ 15mm). 2.5 The transmission part of mechanical equipment (open gear, universal wheel, belt and pressure wheel) must be equipped with a solid protective railing or shield, and the steel wire rope for pressure wheel must be sheathed. 2.6 The thickness of the plate laid on the bench (platform) shall not be less than 50 mm; ; When laying with steel plates, anti-skid measures should be taken on the surface of steel plates. 2.7 The ladder, workbench and protective railing of the tower must be installed firmly and reliably, and the net height of the protective railing should not be lower than1.2m. The pulley and crown block must be made of cast steel, and the crown block should have a crown block. Wire rope lifting limiter and safety baffle must be installed to prevent wire rope from jumping. 2.8 The tower shall not be installed below the overhead transmission line, and the tower shall be erected (installed) or put down (removed). A certain safe operating distance must be kept between its outer edge and the sideline of overhead transmission line, and it shall comply with the provisions of Articles 2.0. 16 and 4.0. 17 of this specification. 2.9 When installing, disassembling and repositioning the tower, it must obey the unified command of the machine (shift supervisor) or technicians. It is forbidden for operators to throw tools and articles up and down, and it is forbidden to work on and under the tower at the same time. It is forbidden to store disassembly tools and articles on the tower or in the high working position. When the whole tower is erected or put down, the construction personnel should leave the inverted range of the tower. 2. 10 When the equipment moves on site, the operator should first check and remove obstacles on the way, and must assign special personnel to look after the cable to prevent rolling damage. Irrelevant personnel should be evacuated to safety. 2. 1 1 When moving the platform through rails or rollers, the operator should first check the safety conditions of the rails, pulleys, rollers, wire ropes, leg cylinders, etc. When moving, they should strive to be stable and uniform to prevent dumping. 2. 12 When the truck-mounted drilling rig moves, put down the mast, remove the cables and hoses, use the triangular wedge wheel immediately after the drilling rig is in place, and ensure that the legs are located on the abutment wood. 2. 13 when loading mechanical equipment by car, the objects should be firmly bound, and the loading and unloading should be commanded by experienced people. Overloading is prohibited. The springboard used for manual loading and unloading vehicles must have sufficient strength and be equipped with anti-skid blocks. The frame slope shall not be greater than 20, and the landing end shall be provided with anti-skid measures. 2. 14 The installation height of tripod or herringbone frame of impact drill and impact cone shall be not less than 7.5m, the angle between legs shall be not less than 75, the bottom leg shall be fixed, and a flat handle shall be installed, with a safety factor of not less than 5 and a safety factor of not less than 6 for steel wire rope. Section III Pile Location Setting out 3. 1 Before surveying, surveyors should know whether there are pile holes that are not backfilled in time in the operation area. Don't walk backwards when measuring and setting the ruler. 3.2 When measuring near overhead transmission lines, when the scale is fixed and closed, attention should be paid to keeping a safe operating distance not less than that specified in Article 2.0. 16 of this regulation. 3.3 When measuring nails, the hammer shall not be placed on the opposite side, and pay attention to the safety of the surrounding staff. Steel bars and other tools shall not be thrown at will. 3.4 Don't work or stay under high-voltage lines or trees during a thunderstorm. Section 4 Burying liners 4. 1 When excavating liners, in addition to the provisions in this section, the relevant provisions in the second quarter of Chapter 14 of this Code shall be observed. 4.2 bare hole excavation, excavation depth is generally not more than 2 m; Otherwise, measures must be taken to follow up the casing or pour concrete to protect the wall. 4.3 When the excavation depth exceeds 2m, protective railings shall be set at the edge of the hole, which shall meet the relevant requirements in Chapter III of Technical Specification for Safety of Working at Height in Building Construction (JGJ80). 4.4 Someone digs in the hole, and the orifice must be supervised. If there is any abnormality in the cave, the operation can only be continued after the danger is eliminated in time. 4.5 When digging a hole in the thick humus stratum, effective ventilation measures should be taken, and special personnel should be assigned to monitor toxic and harmful gases. If there is peculiar smell in the hole, the operation should be stopped immediately and evacuated to the ground, and the construction can be continued only after reporting to the person in charge of construction to find out the reason and taking effective measures. 4.6 In the process of digging a hole, when large stones need to be lifted and cleaned, after the stones are installed, the personnel in the hole must go to the ground before lifting the stones. 4.7 If you need to pump water into the hole, it should be done after the digger reaches the ground, and the water pump must be equipped with leakage protection device. 4.8 In the easy-to-collapse sand layer, double casing method should be adopted for construction, and sand should be dug in the outer casing to facilitate the casing to follow up, dig to a predetermined depth, and then install the formal casing. 4.9 When the operation is stopped, the orifice shall be tightly covered with a cover plate, and fences and warning signs shall be set up. Section 5: Drilling and Hole Forming 5. 1 When operating the rotary drilling rig with pump suction and reverse circulation, the following regulations shall be observed: 1 Before operation, all kinds of safety protection devices at the transmission part of the drilling rig shall be checked, all bolts shall be tightened, and the ground pipeline shall be reliably connected with the drilling tools in the hole to avoid leakage or blockage. 2 Before starting the drilling rig, start the sand pump first, and then slowly start the drilling rig after normal reverse circulation is formed. After the bit works normally, the rotating speed should be gradually increased to adjust WOB. 3. The main operator of the drilling rig should concentrate on observing the mechanical operation and the indicated value of the instrument at any time, sensing the information reflected in the hole and adjusting the technical parameters in time. 4 When connecting the drill pipe, stop drilling first, lift the drilling tool about 1m from the bottom of the hole, and let the flushing fluid circulate for 1 ~ 2 minutes, then stop the pump to connect the drill pipe and tighten it. Prevent bolts, nuts or tools from falling into the holes. 5 During drilling, if there are abnormal conditions such as hole collapse and sand gushing in the hole, the drilling tool should be lifted off the bottom of the hole, the pumping quantity should be controlled, and mud with satisfactory performance should be delivered to the hole while maintaining the circulation of flushing fluid. 6 The tripping operation should be light and steady to prevent the drill bit from scraping the hole wall, and add a proper amount of flushing fluid into the hole. 5.2 When operating the positive circulation rotary drilling rig, the following regulations shall be observed: 1 Check whether the flushing fluid circulation system is complete and reliable, and prepare flushing fluid (mud) with large weight and suitable annual viscosity according to the nature of the drilled formation. Other inspections shall comply with the provisions in the first paragraph of Article 5. 1 in this section. 2. Start-up procedures of positive circulation drilling should be strictly observed, namely: ① run drilling tools into the hole so that the drill bit is 50 ~ 80mm； away from the slag surface at the bottom of the hole; (2) Start the mud pump and circulate the flushing fluid for 2 ~ 3min. (3) Start the drilling rig, gently press it first and rotate it slowly, and gradually increase the rotating speed and WOB. 3 During normal drilling, the tightness of elevator and wire rope should be grasped at any time to reduce the shaking of drill pipe and faucet. In case of formation collapse during drilling, the specific gravity and viscosity of mud should be appropriately increased.

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