Events related to the alliance between Yi and Hai.

As Commander-in-Chief of the Red Army, Mao Zedong knew that the Red Army crossed the Jinsha River, temporarily got rid of Chiang Kai-shek's heavy siege, and achieved the strategic goal of crossing the Yangtze River to the north and entering Sichuan. However, it failed to join forces with the Red Fourth Army. However, there are still many difficulties to be overcome in order to create a new Soviet area in northwest Sichuan or Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu. At present, the first difficulty is to quickly fly over the natural barrier Dadu River.

At that time, there were two roads from Luzhou to Dadu River:

One is the road at that time. From the east of Lugu to Xiaoxiangling, from Yuexi County to Dashubao, and from Dadu River, you can go straight to Ya 'an and threaten Chengdu, the heart of Sichuan.

The other is a path, and it is a rugged mountain road. From the north of Lugu to Mianning county, and then through Tuowuyi settlement to Anshun field on the Dadu River.

However, at that time, people regarded the road through the Yi area as a fearful road, and it was not easy for the army, especially the Han army, to pass through this area.

Mao Zedong, who is familiar with the history of China, knows that 72 years ago, in 1863, it was also in May that Shi Dakai, a famous Taiping Heavenly Kingdom star and wing king, led tens of thousands of troops to the purple land of Dadu River (now Anshun Field) blocked by Dadu River. The Qing army colluded with local minority rulers Hijikata Chizuru Wang Hu Yingyuan and Tusiling to besiege and block Shi Dakai's troops. As a result, Shi Dakai and his troops were cornered and all their property was gone. Their seven wives and children were thrown into the Dadu River and wiped out. Shi Dakai was captured by Sichuan Governor Luo and killed in Chengdu.

Mao Zedong knew that his opponent Chiang Kai-shek would never miss this opportunity to wipe out the Red Army. He is thinking and planning: how to have a new round of contest with Chiang Kai-shek.

Chiang Kai-shek is also familiar with the story of Shi Dakai's defeat in the Dadu River. When he learned the news that the Red Army crossed the Jinsha River and advanced rapidly to the metropolis, he thought that the opportunity to destroy the Red Army had come. He is determined to make the Red Army repeat the tragedy of the defeat of soldiers in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom 72 years ago and make Mao Zedong a second Shi Dakai.

Chiang Kai-shek racked his brains to surround the Red Army in the Dadu River area. He concluded that the Red Army only dared to take the road, not the path. Therefore, he invested a lot of money to contain the Red Army on the main road.

1May, 935 10, Chiang Kai-shek flew from Guiyang to Kunming in order to encourage people from all walks of life to besiege the Red Army. As soon as he arrived in Kunming, he immediately sent a telegram to his troops in the north and south of the Dadu River, saying that the Dadu River was the place where the whole army of Shi Dakai in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom fell. Now that the Red Army has entered this high mountain, it is hard to avoid repeating the mistakes of Shi Dakai. He ordered the ministries to fight hard and build great honors. He also cheered up his subordinates and said: The Red Army's entry into the Dadu River in Liangshan is a good opportunity for our army to gather and annihilate. All the officers and men in various ministries know the story that Shi Dakai led 800,000 troops to defeat here 72 years ago. He also said that the situation of the Red Army is more difficult than that of Shi Dakai. I hope that all division heads will immediately lead their troops to encircle and annihilate the Red Army in Dadu River in accordance with Luo's ambition to capture Shi Dakai alive.

In fact, the historical record is very clear. When Shi Dakai came to Dadu River, there were only 40,000 Taiping soldiers. In order to improve the confidence of his men in annihilating the Red Army in the Dadu River area, Chiang Kai-shek even fabricated history, exaggerating the 40,000 troops that failed in the Dadu River to 800,000.

In order to ensure the strategic goal of encirclement and suppression of the Red Army in Mao Zedong, Chiang Kai-shek ordered the 65,438+10,000 Kuomintang troops chasing the Red Army to cross the Jinsha River quickly and attack the Red Army in several ways in an attempt to force the Red Army to approach the Dadu River. On the other hand, the Kuomintang troops that intercepted the Red Army in front were ordered to quickly gather on the north bank of the Dadu River in an attempt to defend the natural barrier river and destroy the Red Army south of the Dadu River. In order to prevent the Red Army from crossing the Dadu River, Chiang Kai-shek also ordered the troops guarding the Dadu River to concentrate the crossing vessels and materials on the south bank to the north bank. Collect folk food in the south bank, transport it to the north bank, and implement the policy of clearing the field; Anti-Qing shooting circles, such as the houses of residents on the south bank, can be used by the Red Army to cover them from approaching the river bank and burn them all down.

Chiang Kai-shek formed his formation, thinking that Shi Dakai's historical tragedy would be repeated here.

Mao Zedong is determined to break Chiang Kai-shek's wishful thinking. He understood that the key to Chiang Kai-shek's deployment of the Dadu River campaign was to stick to the Dadu River and prevent the Red Army from crossing it. After crossing the Jinsha River, the 654.38+ 10,000 Central Army chasing the Red Army attacked the Red Army from north to south in the deep mountain valley between Jinsha River and Dadu River. The key to breaking Chiang Kai-shek's wishful thinking is to cross the Dadu River before the Central Army catches up. However, how can we cross the Dadu River?

Mao Zedong decided to avoid the main road and choose the path. His conclusion is that Chiang Kai-shek believes that the Red Army is afraid to take the path, so the prevention of the path must be weak. He decided to organize an advance team to investigate the guarantee of the Kuomintang troops crossing the river to decide where and how to cross the Dadu River. This is an arduous task, which is related to the future of the Red Army. Who will be sent? His first thought was Liu Bocheng, chief of staff of the Red Army.

1935 May19, the Central Military Commission appointed Liu Bocheng as the commander of the advance team, and Nie Renxian, the political commissar of the Red Army Corps, dispatched the political commissar first. Xiao Hua, director of the Organization Department of the Political Department of the Red Army Corps, was appointed as the captain of the mass task force. From Mianning to Dadu River, there is Daliangshan area in the middle. Yi people, a minority in southwest China, live here. Yi nationality is one of the ethnic groups with a long history and ancient culture in China. They have lived and multiplied in the southeast edge of the Kangzang Plateau and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau for generations. For thousands of years, the Yi people have participated in various military, political, economic and other activities in China, making great contributions to building our great motherland and safeguarding reunification.

However, this great nation, living in the Liangshan part, was still in a slave society because of the backwardness of productivity and production relations at that time. Because the reactionary ruling class has always pursued the policy of national oppression, suppressed the Yi people militarily, discriminated politically, plundered economically and assimilated culturally, which made them suffer greatly. Cunning Han businessmen often use the simplicity and sincerity of the Yi people to deceive and exploit them. The troops of Kuomintang warlords often "suppress" and rob them. All these have aroused the Yi people's suspicion and hostility towards the Han people, and planted deep prejudice. They are especially opposed to the entry of "officers and men" of the Han people. Obviously, at that time, it was difficult for them to quickly understand what kind of army the Red Army was, and it was also difficult to understand the essential difference between the * * * production party and the Kuomintang. In this case, it is not an easy task to pass through this area smoothly. As the task of the Red Army's advance team, Liu Bocheng and Nie have a heavy burden on their shoulders.

In order to gain time, we must pass through the Yi area in Daliangshan. At that time, the only weapon to overcome this difficulty was the party's ethnic policy. Before the advance team set out, Mao Zedong personally pointed out to Liu Bocheng and Nie that the task of the advance team was not to fight against the Yi people, but to publicize the party's ethnic policy, make friends with the Yi people with the appeal of the policy, and try to persuade them to borrow the Yi area by peaceful means. As long as the Red Army carries out the discipline and policies of the Party and the nation in an exemplary manner, it will certainly win the trust and sympathy of the Yi people. The Yi people will not only beat us, but also help us cross the Dadu River and cross the Yi inhabited area first.

Tuowu, north of Mianning, is a settlement of the Yi people, and the Yi compatriots are still in a slave society. According to Ji Guo, Luo Hong and Wu Luo, they were divided into regions and formed their own tribes, large and small. They often "fought with each other" and fought with each other. Due to the long-term oppression of Kuomintang reactionaries and local warlords, there is deep estrangement, suspicion and deep-rooted hostility with the Han nationality, which brings great difficulties for the Red Army to cross the Yi area.

The vanguard troops led by Liu Bocheng and Nie arrived at the pontoon bridge on May 26th. After investigation and study, they found a good guide and translator and entered the Yi area on May 22nd. When the Red Army crossed the Avaya Pass, it found hordes of Yi people in the Woods, who roared in an attempt to stop the Red Army from advancing. The troops were forced to shorten the marching distance and walk to Haizi. Suddenly, gunfire came from behind him in the direction of his forehead, and hundreds of Yi people rushed out, dancing broadswords, spears and sticks, screaming and coming at the Red Army. Then, the news came from behind: "The engineer company behind was forced to go back to the starting point because it was left behind and had no weapons, and the tools and equipment it brought were taken away by the Yi people, and the clothes were easily stripped." In this area, the vanguard troops are facing a serious situation of being surrounded before being attacked. The Red Army adhered to the Party's ethnic policy and never fired, so the troops stopped moving forward. Si Tong (translator) shouted to the Yi people and did propaganda and explanation work, but it didn't work. Suddenly, several people rode mules and horses in the valley, and Si Tong recognized them as Ji Guo Yoda, the fourth uncle of Ji Guo Xiaoye Dan and the leader of Ji Guo. Si Tong contacted him and said that the head of the Red Army wanted to talk to him. Goquijoda readily agreed and immediately dispersed the gathered crowd. Xiao Hua, captain of the Red Army Mass Task Force, sat down to talk with Gokiyoda on the spot, indicating that the Red Army was fighting for the oppressed people, which did not disturb the Yi compatriots. Commander Liu of the Red Army led a large group of people to pass by here, just taking the north road. And according to the characteristics of Yi people's loyalty, tell him that Commander Liu is willing to be brothers with Yi leaders. At first, Goquijoda was a little dubious, but when he looked around at the disciplined Red Army and didn't rush into the fortress like the local warlord army, he cleared his doubts and accepted the alliance. The full name of Xiao Yedan is Ji Guo Xiao Yedan, and Ji Guo translated it into Ji Gu, Ji Gu, Xiao Yedan or Xiao Jordan. According to this custom, the small full name should be Muji. Ji Guo is the name of the family branch, Muji is the name of the father, and Ye Dan is the name. In order to distinguish it from Ye Dan of the same name, the word "small" was added. According to the custom of the Yi people, "Ji Guo Ye Dan" is usually enough, but in some occasions, in order to show solemnity or solemnity, it is necessary to call the father and son by their full names.

Xiaosheng was born in 1894 (the twentieth year of Guangxu). The descendant of Qu Nie, one of the two great ancestors in The Legend of Liangshan Yi Nationality, is one of the largest families in Liangshan area. The so-called "family branch" is a patriarchal blood group organization under the slavery of Liangshan Yi people, and intermarriage is strictly prohibited. At that time, there were about 100 black Yi families in Liangshan Yi area. They were independent of each other and had their own fixed areas, which actually played the role of political power. There are big and small families, and they handle internal and external affairs according to their habits.

Ji Guo lives in Puxiong area (now Yuexi County) in the hinterland of Liangshan. It was not until the end of 19 that their ancestors moved to Baisha Village, which is now Yihai Township, Mianning County.

Ji Guo has six Jordan brothers, and he ranks fourth. Since childhood, I have been stubborn and generous, sociable and loyal. Because of his aristocratic status, he became familiar with customary laws and allusions in middle age and became a political representative of the local Yi people and one of the decision makers of major events. He is not only famous in his family, but also has great appeal. He is also an influential leader in Mianning area and is regarded as a "respectable person who is good at rhetoric".

When Xiao Hua, captain of the mass task force, led the Red Army to the territory of Jiguo, Ji Guo and Luo Hong were fighting a protracted war. Xiao Yedan, the leader of the Ji Guo family, readily agreed to form an alliance with the Red Army.

After Xiao Hua reported Liu Bocheng and Nie, Liu Jiancheng rode to YiHaizi immediately. At the same time, Xiao Yedan, who wants to lead the homeless (that is, the housekeeper selected from slaves), also came. When Ji Guo Xiao Yedan meets Liu Bocheng, he will take off the black cowhide and kowtow. Liu Bocheng hurried forward to hold it and said, "Brother, don't do this." Little question: "Are you Commander Liu?" Liu Bocheng replied, "I am the commander." Ji Guo Xiao Yedan went on to say, "I am Xiao Yedan, and we all make peace and don't fight." Liu Bocheng told Xiao Dan, Ji Guo that the Red Army is an army led by the * * * Production Party, in order to conquer the world by the oppressed. * * * The producer practices equality between Han and Yi, and the Yi people are a family. If they don't fight their own people, they will unite to fight the Kuomintang warlords. When the Red Army comes back, everyone has a good life. In this way, through the translation of Si Tong and Chamarre, an agreement was successfully reached. Therefore, Liu Bocheng and Xiao Xinran decided to shoot chickens and eat blood wine at the edge of Yi Haizi to become sworn brothers.

Yihai, formerly known as Yuhaizi, is called Houlle Su Po in Yi language, which means Haizi. It is an alpine freshwater lake with an area of about 200,000 square meters. It is in the shape of an ingot, surrounded by mountains and lush trees. The world-famous "Yihai Alliance" was held in this beautiful place. Ji Guo's Xiaoye Dan had a chicken brought in, but there was no wine or wine glass. Liu Bocheng took two porcelain cups from the red guards' belts, and asked the guards to scoop water from the sea of righteousness, replacing wine with water. When Chamare's sons killed the chicken and dropped the chicken blood into two porcelain cups, Xiao Yedan let Liu Bocheng drink it first. According to Yi custom, the eldest brother is the first to drink, and brothers should obey the eldest brother. Liu Bocheng picked up the porcelain cup in high spirits and swore loudly, "There is heaven on earth. Today, Ji Guo Xiao Dan and I became brothers by the sea. If there is any duplication, it will be destroyed. " Say that finish, I drink a mouthful of blood wine. Xiaoxiao called "good"! He also picked up the porcelain cup and said loudly, "My little brother and Commander Liu are brothers, and I want to live and die together. If I don't keep my promise, I will die like this chicken. " Then I drank it dry, too. Liu Bocheng gave his revolver and several rifles to Ji Guo Xiao Dan in public. Guo Ji Xiao Dan also gave his black mule to Liu Bocheng, and the alliance came to an end.

In the evening, the red army vanguard troops still returned to camp on the bridge. Liu Bocheng invited his uncle to come to the bridge together. The Red Army bought all the wine in the street, paid the price to accept the pork and mutton sent by the masses, and held a banquet to congratulate the alliance. At the same time, the head of the branch and Chen, a Han Chinese, were invited to have dinner together. On behalf of the Red Army, Liu Bocheng awarded a red flag with the words "Kuji (Ji Guo) detachment of China Yimin Red Army" to Ji Guo Xiao Yedan. He made an impromptu speech to persuade the Yi people not to fight the enemy, and the Yi people should unite to fight against the Liu family. The next day, the Red Army's vanguard troops, led by Xiao, went north via Ewai Haizi. Along the way, crowds of Yi people were everywhere, shouting "Aha". This time, however, unlike yesterday's glare, crying brought a smile and goodbye. Liu Bocheng broke up with Xiao Yedan in the Lama's room, and the Red Army left Ding Bolin, a staff officer, as a liaison for the follow-up troops. Guided by Shamabahei, Jiguoda and Ji Guo Teda, the sons of Chamareg, a slave of Ji Guo Pettitte, they escorted the troops led by Liu Bocheng and Nie all the way to Ji Shao Bay, and then Jiguojia sent Chaluo out of Iraq and arrived in Anshun Field. Since then, the Red Army's follow-up troops have successfully passed the Yi area that the enemy estimated could not pass along the friendship road of the "Yihai Alliance". The "Yihai Alliance" embodies the victory of the party's ethnic policy, the love of ethnic minorities for the Red Army, and the unity of the army and the people. The "Yihai Alliance" added a glorious stroke to the miraculous Long March.

After the Red Army left, many Yi people named their children born that year "Red Army Son" or "Red Army Mother" (meaning "Red Army Daughter") to commemorate the Red Army, and many people risked their lives to preserve what the Red Army left behind, which they regarded as treasures.

Especially the Ji Guo detachment of the Red Army, holding high the banner presented by Liu Bocheng, bearing in mind Liu Bocheng's words that "one finger is weak, ten fingers are strong together", not only took up arms and carried out guerrilla warfare with the Kuomintang reactionaries for several years, but also joined forces with the armed forces of Wu Luo and Luo Hong's family to form guerrillas, attacking the troops sent by the Kuomintang in this area, and it was they who fought.

In those years of hard struggle, the soldiers of Ji Guo detachment watched the houses burned and the cattle and sheep robbed, but they tried their best to keep the flag given to them by Liu Bocheng. I regard this red flag as the witness of national unity and the hope of national liberation. Many things around me have been lost, and only the flag of "China Yimin Red Army Kuji (Ji Guo) Detachment" has been preserved. He hid the flag in a special interlayer under his backpack and moved it from here to there. In the most difficult time, Xiao Yedan encouraged his wife and brother with tears in his eyes. Don't forget Liu Bocheng's entrustment and the kindness of the Red Army. He said: "The Red Army will definitely come back. I trust Liu Bocheng. He would never lie to me. If I die, you must protect this red flag and give it to the Red Army in the future. "

On the annual Torch Festival, they always gather next to Haizi of Yi nationality, dance in the pot and sing loudly:

The clear sea is endless,

The red army, "three fights and three pounds" (meaning many, many),

The Red Army has been gone for several years.

Not exactly. Send a message.

The Yi people look forward to the Red Army,

Three days and three nights, endless.

………

The Yi people have suffered for thousands of years,

Yi people have no place to lean on when they are suffering.

Wholeheartedly look forward to the Red Army,

I hope you can come back and save Yi Jia.

The Red Army finally came back,

1950 on may 2 1 day, after the liberation of Xikang province, my youngest wife presented the team flag presented by Liu Bocheng to the Kuji (Ji Guo) detachment of China Yimin Red Army.

Up to now, this flag is treasured in China People's Revolutionary Military Museum. It is the glory of the Yi people, the glory of the Red Army and the glory of the Long March. It recorded the profound friendship between the Red Army and the Yi people, and witnessed the great victory of the * * * Production Party and the Red Army's ethnic policy.