How was the Three Gorges Dam built?

After the National People's Congress passed the construction bill, 1993, the State Council established the Three Gorges Project Construction Committee, which is the highest decision-making body of the project, with Premier the State Council as its director. Since then, China Three Gorges Project Development Corporation, the legal person of the project, has been established, with separate plans, which is directly managed by the the State Council Three Gorges Project Construction Committee. 1994 12 14. The parties held a groundbreaking ceremony at the Three Gorges dam site to announce the official start of the Three Gorges Project.

The overall construction scheme of the Three Gorges Project is "one-level development, one-time completion, water storage by stages and continuous resettlement". The project * * * is carried out in three phases, which takes about 17 years in total, and has been completed at present.

Starting from 1993, the first phase of the project used Baozhong Island in the river to enclose the right back river, build earth-rock cofferdam to dig deep foundation pit and build diversion open channel. During this period, the river continued to flow and a temporary ship lock was built on the left bank. The diversion open channel was officially opened on 1997, and was closed on 1 1.8 in the same year, which indicated that the first phase of the project had reached the scheduled goal.

The second phase of the project started from 1998. Earth-rock cofferdam was poured in this reach, and flood discharge dam section, left bank dam, left bank power station and permanent ship lock were started. At this stage, the water flows downward through the diversion trough, and the ship can pass through the diversion trough or the temporary lock. By the middle of 2002, the cofferdams upstream and downstream of the left bank dam had been broken, and the Three Gorges Dam began to formally store water. On June 6th, 2002, 165438+ diversion channel was closed, which marked the closure of the Three Gorges Project, and the river water could only be discharged through the spillway section. On June 1 day, 2003, the Three Gorges Dam began to store water, and on June 10, the water was stored to 135 meters, and the permanent ship lock began to open to traffic. In July 10, the first unit was connected to the grid for power generation. By June of that year 1 1, all the first four units were connected to the grid to generate electricity, marking the end of the second phase of the Three Gorges Project.

The third phase of the project started after the diversion channel was cut off in the second phase. First, the earth-rock cofferdam built on the right bank during the first phase of heightening was repaired, and the right bank dam, right bank power station, underground power station and power station were built under its protection. At the same time, the left bank power station continued to be installed, and the temporary ship lock was transformed into a row of sand channels. The whole project has been completed.

Introduction:

The Three Gorges consists of Qutang Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge. The Three Gorges Hydropower Station, also known as the Three Gorges Project and the Three Gorges Dam. Located on the main stream of the Yangtze River between Chongqing City in China and Yichang City in Hubei Province. The dam is located in Sandouping, not far upstream of Yichang City, and forms a cascade hydropower station with Gezhouba Hydropower Station downstream. It is the largest hydropower station in the world and the largest engineering project in China. However, many problems caused by it, such as immigration, environment and so on, have been accompanied by great controversy since the moment it started construction. The Three Gorges Hydropower Station has more than ten functions such as shipping, power generation and planting. 1On April 3, 1992, the Fifth Session of the Seventh National People's Congress voted 1767 in favor, 17 1 against, with 664 abstentions, and 25 people failed to press the voting device, of which nearly one third opposed or abstained.

The dam height of the hydropower station is185m, the water storage height is175m, and the reservoir is more than 600km long. It is the largest hydropower station in the world with 32 hydropower units with a single capacity of 700,000 kilowatts. In July of 20 10, the unit of Three Gorges Power Station achieved the test target of 168 hours 18200MW full output. (The daily power generation can exceed 430 million kWh! About 5% of the country's daily power generation). The preliminary planning of the Three Gorges Power Station is 26 units with 700,000 kilowatts, that is, the installed capacity is 65.438+08.2 million kilowatts, and the annual power generation is 84.7 billion kWh. Later, an underground power station was built at Baishijian Mountain, the right bank dam, and six 700,000-kilowatt hydro-generators were built. Plus two 50,000-kilowatt power stations owned by the Three Gorges Power Station. The total installed capacity reaches 22.5 million kilowatts, and the annual power generation is about 654.38+00 billion kWh, which is five times that of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station and 654.38+00 times that of Gezhouba Hydropower Station, accounting for about 3% of the national annual power generation and 20% of the national hydropower generation. ? The unit equipment is mainly provided by VGS joint venture company composed of Voith, General Electric and Siemens and Alstom joint venture company composed of Alstom and ABB. When signing the supply agreement, they all promised to transfer the related technology to the domestic motor manufacturers in China free of charge. The power transmission and transformation system of Three Gorges Hydropower Station is built and managed by State Grid Corporation of China. It is expected to install 15 500 kV high-voltage transmission lines to connect to the regional power grid.