What is the original sentence of "teacher, preach and teach to solve doubts"?

Teacher, so preach and teach to solve doubts. It's from "Shi Shuo" by Han Yu in Tang Dynasty.

original text

Ancient scholars must have teachers. Teacher, so preach and teach to solve doubts. People are not born to know, who can not doubt? If you are confused and don't follow the teacher, you will be confused and you will never understand. Before I was born, I studied Tao before I was born, so I learned from Tao. After I was born, I learned Tao first, so I learned from Tao. I am a teacher, and I didn't know that time was born to me. Therefore, nothing is expensive or cheap, nothing is long or short, and the existence of Tao and teachers also exists.

Ha ha! Teacher's way has been passed down for a long time! It's hard to be confused! The ancient sage, who is also far away, is still asking questions to the teacher; Today's people are far from saints. They are ashamed to learn from their teachers. Therefore, saints are good for saints, and fools are good for fools. What makes saints holy and fools stupid? Love his son, choose a teacher and teach him; If you are in your body, you will feel ashamed and confused. The boy's teacher teaches the book and learns the sentences in it. He is not the person I call telling his story and solving his puzzles. I don't know, I don't understand, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know. Witch doctors and musicians are skilled workers, and they are not ashamed to learn from each other. The family of the scholar-officials called their teacher a disciple of the cloud and got together to talk and laugh. When asked, he said, "He is almost the same as that year, and in the same way. Humility is shameful, and being an official is close. " Oh! The teacher's way is unknown. Witch doctors are skilled musicians, but gentlemen are contemptuous. Today, his wisdom is beyond his reach, which is strange and embarrassing!

Saint impermanence teacher. Confucius studied under Confucius, Changhong, Shi Xianghe and Lao Dan. Scorpions' disciples are not as clever as Confucius. Confucius said: In a threesome, there must be a teacher. Therefore, disciples need not be inferior to teachers, and teachers need not be superior to disciples. They have a good understanding of Taoism and focus on their skills. That's all.

Seventeen-year-old Li is good at ancient prose, and all six arts are connected to Xi Zhi. He is not limited by the times and learns from Yu Yu. Yu Jiaqi can take the ancient road, and the teacher said it was ok.

Shi Shuo is a work written by Han Yu to his student Li Pan in the 18th year of Tang Zhenyuan (AD 802).

"On Teachers" is a short article on the important role of teachers, the necessity of learning from teachers and the principles of choosing teachers. This article criticized the wrong idea that "scholar-officials" were ashamed of learning from teachers at that time, and advocated learning from teachers. At the same time, it is also a public reply and solemn refutation to those detractors. The author shows that anyone can be his own teacher, and he should not refuse to learn modestly because of his status or age difference. At the end of the article, Confucius' words and deeds testify that it has existed since ancient times to seek teachers' respect for Taoism, and people should not abandon the ancient road.

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People who studied in ancient times must have teachers. Teachers can impart truth, teach knowledge and answer difficult questions. People are not born to understand reason, who can have no doubts? Doubt, if you don't follow the teacher, those problems that become difficult problems will eventually be incomprehensible. Born in front of me, he understood the truth earlier than me, so I (should) follow (him) and regard him as a teacher; Born behind me, if he knows the truth before me, I will follow him as a teacher. I am learning from him. Who cares if he was born earlier or later than me? Therefore, regardless of status or age, where truth exists is where teachers exist.

Alas, the (ancient) fashion of learning from teachers has not spread for a long time, so it is difficult to want people without doubt! Ancient saints, far more than ordinary people, still follow teachers and seek advice; Nowadays, ordinary people are far below saints, but they are ashamed to learn from teachers. Therefore, saints are wiser and fools are more stupid. That's probably why saints can become saints and fools can become fools. People love their children, so they choose teachers to teach them. It is shameful for him to follow the teacher. What a fool! Those children's teachers teach them to read and (help them) learn to break sentences, not what I say can teach those truths and answer those difficult questions. On the one hand, they are not familiar with sentence reading, on the other hand, they can't solve their doubts. Some (sentence reading) is learned from the teacher, while some (suspected) is not learned from the teacher. I must learn from small aspects, but give up (instead of learning) the big aspects. I don't see that kind of person is wise. Witch doctors, musicians and craftsmen are not ashamed to learn from each other. Scholar-officials called them "teachers" and "disciples", and they gathered together to laugh at others. Ask them (why are they laughing) and say, "He is about his age and has similar moral knowledge. He is ashamed (because) his position is low (because he is a teacher) and (because) his position is high (because he is a teacher), which is almost flattering. " Alas! It is obvious (from these words) that the fashion of learning from teachers cannot be restored. Witch doctors, musicians and craftsmen are people that gentlemen despise, but now their knowledge is not as good as (these people). What a surprise!

A saint has no fixed teacher. Confucius studied under Chao Zi, Changhong, Shi Xianghe and Lao Dan. These people are not as talented as Confucius. Confucius said, "If several people go together, there must always be one person who can be my teacher." So students are not necessarily inferior to teachers, and teachers are not necessarily more talented than students. They have heard the truth sooner or later, and their knowledge and skills are different. That's all.

Pan is a child of the Li family. He is seventeen years old and likes classical Chinese. He has generally studied the six classics and is not bound by customs, so he learns from me. I commend him for following the way of the ancients (learning from teachers) and writing this "teacher comment" as a gift to him.

Annotation explanation

Scholar: One who studies.

Therefore, teachers are educated by occupation. Teachers are people who impart truth, knowledge and explain difficult problems. Therefore, for ... Tao refers to the Confucian Tao. Accept, through "teaching" and teaching. Industry generally refers to ancient classics, history, philosopher's research and ancient prose writing. Confusion, puzzle

People are not born knowing: people are not born knowing the truth. Meaning refers to knowledge and truth. "The Analects of Confucius Jishi": "Those who are born with knowledge are also on the top; Those who learn and know, second; Learn from difficulties, secondly; If you are trapped and don't study, the people will be next. " Yes, I understand.

This is also a mystery: his doubts.

Born before me: born before me. Hu: It is equivalent to "Yu", which is the same as "Hu" in "I'll go first" below.

Wen: Listening means knowing and understanding.

So as to learn from him: follow him and worship him as a teacher. Take ... as a teacher. Learn from the teacher, learn from the teacher.

My teacher Ye Tao: I learn from him. Teacher, used as a verb

Fu Yong knew that he was born in me: where do you think he is older or younger than me? Yong, send a message, don't Know, understand, know It, take independence.

Yes, therefore, therefore.

None: No matter, no matter.

Where the Tao is, the teacher is there: it means where the Tao is, the teacher is there.

Learning from teachers: the tradition of learning from teachers. That is, as mentioned above, "ancient scholars must have teachers."

Man: The most important thing is.

Creation background

According to Fang Chengxuan's Chronology of Mr. Changli's Poems, this article was written in the eighteenth year of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong (802). This year, Han Yu was 35 years old and worked as a doctor in four schools in imperial academy. His position is not high, but he has become famous in the literary world, and the "ancient prose movement" he advocated has also begun.

Literary appreciation

Shi Shuo is a famous argumentative essay of Han Yu, with prominent viewpoints and strong practical pertinence. In this argumentative essay, the author affirmed the nature and function of being a teacher by smooth brushstrokes and repeated arguments, discussed the important significance and correct principles of being a teacher by example, and criticized the common bad habit of not paying attention to the teacher's way at that time. This article is written for Li Pan. In fact, it is aimed at cracking down on those literati who depend on their aristocratic families, refuse to learn from others or even laugh at others. It plays a unique role in criticizing the current disadvantages. The author shows that anyone can be his own teacher, and he should not refuse to learn modestly because of his status or age difference. At the end of the article, Confucius testified with his own words and deeds, explaining that it has been a practice since ancient times to seek teachers and emphasize Taoism, and people should not abandon the ancient road at that time. The article embodies extraordinary courage and fighting spirit, and also shows the author's spirit of expressing opinions independently regardless of the secular world, which promotes the social atmosphere of being willing to learn from teachers and being good at learning.

This article is written in view of the bad atmosphere of "being ashamed of being a teacher" under the influence of family concept. In ancient China, school education was very developed, and there were official schools from the central government to the local government. In the Tang dynasty, the gate valve system since Wei and Jin dynasties still followed. Noble children all entered Hong Wen Pavilion, Chongwen Pavilion and Guo Zi School. No matter what their studies are, they can be officials. Therefore, in the literati class at that time, there was a general psychology of respecting "family law" and neglecting teachers. It can be seen that it is commendable for Han Yu to write and publicize his own views with great fanfare.

Brief introduction of the author

Han Yu (768-824), a writer, philosopher and thinker in the Tang Dynasty, was born in Heyang, Henan Province (now mengzhou city, Jiaozuo, Henan Province), Han nationality, and his ancestral home was Changli (now Yixian, Liaoning Province). He was known as "Han Changli", also known as "Li Han School" and "Han Wengong". The 25-year-old Han Yu used to be an imperial historian, assistant minister of punishments, secretariat of Chaozhou (now Chao 'an, Guangdong), doctor, assistant minister of official departments, etc. He and Liu Zongyuan were both advocates of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty, advocating learning the prose language of the pre-Qin and Han dynasties, breaking parallel prose into parts and expanding the expressive function of classical Chinese. In Song Dynasty, Su Shi called him "the decline of eight generations of literature", and in Ming Dynasty, he was listed as the first of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. Together with Liu Zongyuan, he is called "Liu Han" and is known as "a great writer" and "a hundred generations of literators". All his works are included in Mr. Changli's collection of works.