During the discussion on composition teaching reform, Liu Xiqing, a professor at Beijing Normal University, thought: What is the purpose of composition teaching? I think it is: liberating people, libe

During the discussion on composition teaching reform, Liu Xiqing, a professor at Beijing Normal University, thought: What is the purpose of composition teaching? I think it is: liberating people, liberating people's spirits and hearts, and fully releasing the potential imagination, creativity and expressive power of the writing subject - that is, the fresh and powerful vitality. Many authors have also expressed similar opinions on personalized composition. In this regard, the "Revised Outline" has made major changes to the composition teaching part. First, it encourages free expression. Second, it emphasizes both realism (narratives) and fiction (imaginative writings), and makes a clear division of labor between the two. , the former requires expressing true feelings, while the latter requires stimulating imagination and creativity. Since the 1990s, primary school Chinese education reform has achieved fruitful results, such as: language-sensitive teaching; a broad perspective on Chinese education; extracurricular reading; the shift in focus from teaching to learning, the play of students' main role; and the cultivation of emotions in learning Chinese, etc. Regarding the above-mentioned educational reform achievements, the "Revised Outline" reflects the following aspects. ① Emphasize the cultivation of language sense. In the purpose of teaching, stimulating students' creativity is not only a requirement for cultivating innovative consciousness, but also a requirement for cultivating language sense. Among the several issues that should be paid attention to in teaching, it is pointed out that students should read fully, have an overall perception while reading, gain some insights while reading, develop a sense of language while reading, and be influenced by emotions while reading, which is the key to cultivating a sense of language. comprehensive and accurate requirements. ② Emphasize the main role of students and emphasize independent learning. In the practice of education reform, teachers have realized that the more motivated students are in learning, the better the learning effect will be. The "Revised Outline" fully reflects this achievement and clearly points out that students are the masters of Chinese learning. In the teaching process, it is necessary to strengthen students' independent Chinese practice activities, guide them to actively acquire knowledge and form abilities in practice,... At the same time, specific guidance is given to guide students to learn actively. ③Expand extracurricular reading and strengthen language accumulation. The role of extensive reading and expanded language accumulation in improving students’ Chinese abilities has been concluded in the practice of Chinese education reform. Reflected in the "Revised Outline" are specific provisions on the total amount of extracurricular reading and recitation: the total amount of extracurricular reading should be no less than 1 million words for a five-year program and no less than 1.5 million words for a six-year program; reciting excellent poems and essays should not be less than 1 million words. Less than 150 articles (including texts). ④The big concept of Chinese teaching. Chinese language learning cannot be limited to the classroom. We must strive to achieve connections inside and outside the classroom, communicate inside and outside the school, and harmonize the connections between subjects. In this regard, the "Revised Outline" has also fully reflected it, clearly stating that students should learn Chinese in a broad space, use Chinese, enrich knowledge, improve understanding, and grow their talents. ⑤ Emphasis on the role of emotion. Dr. Gu Lengyuan once wrote an article pointing out: The continuous progress of teaching method research has developed from heuristic to emphasizing participation. Recently, it has been discovered that the key to whether students can participate lies in the emotionalization of teaching methods. The research results on the emotionalization of Chinese language teaching (Revised Outline) reflect many aspects. For example, reading teaching should cultivate students' strong interest in reading; composition teaching should inspire students' love for life, mobilize students' enthusiasm for observation, thinking, and practice writing; and emphasize Chinese language teaching. Teaching should pay attention to the inner connection between knowledge, ability, and emotion... 2. Key points in the revision of the "Revised Outline" 1. Regarding the purpose of teaching. There are three principles. The first one is unique to all disciplines, that is, to promote human development, which is not found in the "Trial Outline"; the second one is unique to the discipline, that is, the study of mother tongue, cf. "Trial Outline" increases the accumulation of rich language and cultivates the thoughts and feelings of loving the motherland's language and excellent Chinese culture, making it more scientific and comprehensive. The third article is ideological education. Compared with the "Trial Outline", it adds enlightenment education on scientific thinking methods, stimulates students' creativity, cultivates a love of beauty, develops healthy personality, and develops good consciousness and character, which is more suitable for future social development. needs. 2. About teaching content and requirements. ①Chinese Pinyin. The requirements for teaching functions have been reduced. It only mentions helping literacy and learning Mandarin, but does not mention helping reading. It deletes the requirements for proficiency and the requirement that those with conditions can gradually achieve direct speech; deletes the requirement for dictating consonants and finals; deletes the requirement for lower grade students to write words. You can use syllables to replace unlearned Chinese characters and other requirements. ② Literacy.Teaching requirements have gone up and down. Up means increasing the amount of literacy, changing from learning about 2,500 commonly used Chinese characters to learning about 3,000 Chinese characters; down means changing the basic strokes and stroke order rules of Chinese characters, radicals and radicals in the "Trial Outline". The interframe structure is taught to students so that they can gradually master it. In the "Revised Outline", it is clearly stipulated that the above-mentioned basic knowledge of Chinese characters is only used to help literacy, writing and dictionary search, and is not included in the scope of the examination. This will help guide literacy teaching to avoid cumbersome and mechanical glyph analysis and practice. ③Reading. Compared with the "Trial Outline", the "Revised Outline" has many new requirements. First, cultivating reading interest is included in the syllabus, requiring students to have a strong interest in reading; second, attention is paid to accumulating language, and the total amount of recitation and extracurricular reading is specified. The third requirement is to learn to browse and be able to collect relevant materials as needed. In terms of reading teaching requirements, first, there are no requirements for knowledge structures such as words, sentences, paragraphs, and articles, but more emphasis is placed on strengthening synthesis and highlighting key points; second, the requirements have dropped and risen. Falling means that it is not required to summarize the main content and central idea; rising means that you must have your own opinions when reading and understanding the article, and be able to understand some of the author's methods of expressing thoughts and feelings. ④Composition. More emphasis is placed on free expression, and you can write about your experiences, feelings and imagination. In terms of teaching requirements, the lower grades mainly cultivate interest in writing, and there are no rigid regulations on how to write; the middle grades emphasize informality and free expression, and can write about experiences and imagination; the upper grades have some regulations on style. At the same time, it is required to be able to write a composition of about 400 words within 40 minutes. In terms of teaching requirements, there is no requirement to have a central point, only clear and concise writing is emphasized. In addition, the amount of practice for middle and senior grades is also clearly defined, which is about 16 times per school year. ⑤Oral communication. Change the obedience and speaking in the trial syllabus to oral communication, and still set requirements on the two aspects of obedience and speaking, emphasizing that it should be conducted in a large two-way interaction, and oral communication should be civilized and polite. In terms of teaching content, the biggest change is that the number of texts in each volume is required to reach about 35. The purpose of increasing the number of texts is to allow teachers to reduce excessive rational analysis of ideological content, tedious analysis of Chinese knowledge, and trivial mechanical exercises. Teachers should fully understand this, and there are specific regulations on the number of exercises. Grades three to six must write about 16 times per school year. Only when a certain amount is guaranteed can the ability to do exercises can be improved. 3. Several issues that should be paid attention to in teaching. This chapter is also included in the "Trial Outline", but in the "Revised Outline", the teaching content in the "Trial Outline" and the teaching tips in the teaching tips are merged into this chapter. The first five items reflect macro guidance, while the sixth item provides micro-specific guidance on specific issues such as Chinese pinyin, literacy and writing, reading, homework, and oral communication. The content of this chapter absorbs the results of teaching reform and research since the 1990s. It has practical significance for guiding the current and future Chinese education reform and must be paid great attention to. 3. Several suggestions for implementing the "Revised Outline" 1. Strengthen learning. First, we must study the "Revised Outline" chapter by chapter and understand its main spirit; secondly, we must study it in conjunction with the Fifth All-Church Document and the "Action Plan", and understand the significance of implementing the Outline from the perspective of quality education; thirdly, we must Combining educational science teaching experience and placing the syllabus in a broad knowledge background, the understanding can be profound. 2. Change your mindset. In order to successfully implement the "Revised Outline", teachers must abandon old teaching concepts, such as the concept of treating students as knowledge containers, the concept of excessive rational analysis of the ideological content of texts, and the tedious analysis and mechanical exercises of Chinese knowledge. concept. Establish new teaching concepts, such as the concept of promoting student development, the concept of cultivating students' active learning, and the concept of focusing on reading, understanding, and accumulation. Only when the concept is updated can the spirit of the "Revised Outline" be absorbed into the heart and mind, and there will be no resistance when implemented. 3. Let Chinese teaching run on the track of the "Revised Outline". The process of implementing the "Revised Outline" is a process that is constantly deepening but sometimes encounters the resurgence of old ideas. Therefore, we must often use the spirit of the syllabus to compare with our daily teaching, and be good at summarizing experiences and lessons. When we find that we deviate from the spirit of the syllabus, we must automatically adjust. Back on track with the "Revised Outline".