The most complete preserved ancient city of Fucheng and Shangqiu

China's 5,000-year-old civilization has nurtured countless cultural treasures. The ancient cities with a long history and rich inside information on the land of China are precious legacies left by our life for thousands of years to the people of China. Then let the urban culture introduce you and preserve the most complete Fucheng-level ancient city-Shangqiu ancient city.

Shangqiu Ancient City, located in Suiyang District, Shangqiu City, Henan Province, is the best-preserved government city in China. Now it is a national historical and cultural city, a national key cultural relic protection unit and one of the top ten ancient cities in China. It is the only large-scale ancient city site in the world that integrates Bagua City, Underwater City and Chengdui City.

The ancient city of Shangqiu was built according to the ancient geomantic theory, with the outer ring of the city inside, which looks like ancient copper coins; The inner city wall is majestic, the moat surrounds the city and the water surface is wide. Seen from the air, this ancient city seems to be built in water. This well-preserved ancient city, which is a trinity of inner city, city lake and city wall, is unique in China and can be called a model of ancient city pool in China.

In the 15th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1502), the Yellow River flooded, which caused the former Guidefu city in Shangqiu ancient city to be submerged under the loess. In the 16th year of Hongzhi (1503), the people of Shangqiu rebuilt a new city in the north of the old city, which lasted for 8 years and was completed in the 6th year of Zheng De in Ming Dynasty (15 1 1), which is now the ancient city of Shangqiu.

According to historical records, before the reconstruction, Nanbo Town, Guo Song Town in the Spring and Autumn Period, Suiyang Town in the Qin and Han Dynasties, Nanjing Town in the Northern Song Dynasty and Guidefu Old Town were all stacked under Shangqiu Old Town, but they were all destroyed underground due to war and flood.

Shangqiu ancient city presents a trinity pattern of battlements, lakes and inner cities. The outermost is the ancient city battlements, also known as the city-protecting levee, with a circumference of 9 kilometers and a moat. The city is made of loess with a bottom width of 20 meters, a top width of 7 meters and a height of 5 meters. The outer side of the lower part is made of brick wall, which is very strong and constitutes the first solid defense barrier for the military defense of the ancient city.

The moat of Shangqiu ancient city surrounds the inner city, 3.5 meters away from the city wall. The narrowest part of the city lake is 25 meters, the widest part can reach more than 500 meters, and the water depth is 1-5 meters. Only four doors are connected with the outside world through stone arch bridges.

The inner city area is 1. 13 square kilometers, the perimeter of brick wall is 4.35 kilometers, the site width is 10 meter, the top width is 6.66 meters and the height is 6.66 meters. Covered with 1 m thick big brick, filled with white ash and compacted with loess. The inner city is square as a whole, which is combined with the circular battlements to form the pattern of the inner side of the outer circle.

This pattern is said to have three meanings: first, it symbolizes the land of heaven and earth; Second, the outer circle is yang and the inner side is yin, which symbolizes the balance and harmony of yin and yang; Third, much like the round square hole money in ancient China, it contains the image of Jin Ge, which means making money into treasure. Thus, Shangqiu ancient city can be said to be a Feng Shui city.

The topography of Shangqiu ancient city is turtle-backed, slightly inclined to the south. There are 93 streets in the city, shaped like a chessboard, and the ancient wells are arranged in a plum blossom shape. The Governor's Mansion has a unique shape, with many quadrangles and places of interest all over the city.

Shangqiu ancient city produced many talents, especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. There have been eight rich families, including Shen, Song, Hou, Ye, Yu, Liu, Gao and Yang, and seven rich families, including Chen, Cai, Mu, Chai, Shang, Meng and Hu. There are eight families and seven families in history.

Among them, the famous ministers represented by Shen Li, Song Meng, Hou Xun and Luo Song and the literati represented by Hou Ke and Hou Fangyu had great influence at that time. There is a saying among the people that "the Manchu civil and military officials were half in Jiangxi, and the four ministers returned to Germany", which shows the glory of Shangqiu ancient city at that time.