Shaanxi Province Anti-Japanese Information

There is an old saying that goes: A talented man from the south and a general from the north will bury the emperor in the land of Shaanxi! Throughout the five thousand years of the Chinese nation. There are seventy-one emperors' tombs in the land of Sanqin, where seventy-two emperors are buried. It stands as the eighth wonder of the world and is known as the ancient capital of thirteen dynasties!

According to historical records, as early as the Warring States Period, Qin Shihuang was able to unify the seven kingdoms, relying largely on the loyalty and bravery of the backbone of the Qin army - Shaanxi Lengwa! During the Song Dynasty's war against the Liao Dynasty, Yang Jiahu's general Yang Qilang guarded the important border area in northern Shaanxi. He fought against the Liao Dynasty for a long time and made many military exploits! It is said that Zhou Tong, the master of the national hero Yue Fei, was also from Guanzhong, Shaanxi. I have consulted some historical data and found that Shaanxi people were almost present on the battlefields of the Central Plains wars in all dynasties. This is inseparable from the regional character and folk customs of Shaanxi.

The stars change and time flies. Let us return to the war-torn anti-Japanese era! In this sacred war, the Chinese people are unyielding and resisting foreign powers. A large number of Shaanxi people shed their blood on this land of China

Immediately, the wind blows, and the abyss replaces the drum.

The anger is split, the island barbarians are clowns, and Huangchi shows off his martial arts.

The beautiful country was ravaged, and the descendants of Yan and Huang suffered.

Don’t hesitate to march to the battlefield to protect the territory.

If the golden pot is missing, just make up for it with one hand;

New and old hatreds, count them from the beginning,

Be the mainstay to turn the tide.

Suppress the arrogant and uphold justice,

Keep away the treacherous demons.

It is noon when the fortunes of the Han Dynasty are booming.

There is a detail in the movie "The Bloody Battle of Taierzhuang". After repelling several enemy attacks, a veteran played the soul-stirring Shaanxi song with a half-broken willow root. In a minor tune, the eye-catching slogan "Born in Shaanxi and died in Shandong" on the broken wall made me burst into tears more than once. Guarding Taierzhuang was the Northwest Army with Shaanxi people as its backbone, blowing up the pontoon and fighting the Japanese armored forces with flesh and blood. Gain valuable time for the main force to counterattack, and finally ushered in the first major victory since the Anti-Japanese War!

On July 7, 1937, after the Japanese invaders launched the "Lugouqiao Incident", they attacked the city and captured the territory at lightning speed... In March 1938, the Japanese Ushidao and Kawagishi divisions came to Shanxi Fenglingdu. Sun Weiru, who took over Yang Hucheng to take charge of the Northwest Army, swore to the National Government and the Shaanxi People's Alliance: I will serve the country with my own flesh and blood, sacrifice my family and life to resist the Japanese aggressors, and swear to fight the Japanese aggressors to the end! But when you hear the roar of the Yellow River, you don’t want to be wrapped in horse leather...

In July 1938, a team of more than 30,000 "Shaanxi Lengwa" crossed the Yellow River at night and drove into the north bank of the Yellow River. Zhongtiao Mountain. Zhongtiao Mountain was once called the "cecum" by the Japanese invaders. In the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, the Japanese army deployed more than 100,000 troops and fought hard for three years, but failed to cross Zhongtiao Mountain. This was indeed rare in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War. But those who held on to Zhongtiao Mountain were actually the Northwest Army, a miscellaneous army with inferior weapons and equipment and being marginalized by Chiang Kai-shek.

A group of soldiers from Shaanxi, known as the "Lengba", persisted in the war of resistance in Zhongtiao Mountain for nearly three years. They smashed 11 major raids by the Japanese army and destroyed the Japanese who had been claiming to occupy China for three months. The Japanese refused to stay outside Tongguan, and their dream of entering the central Guanzhong and occupying the northwest died in the womb. During the eight years of the Anti-Japanese War, the Japanese army occupied large areas of territory in the east, south, and north, but had been unable to advance westward. All this was due to the great victory of the Battle of Zhongtiao Mountain. The Japanese not only failed to take a step into Tongguan, but also paid a heavy price. In the "June 6" battle alone, more than 1,700 urns were piled up in layers for officers above the Japanese platoon leader. This is one of the theaters that achieved significant results during the eight-year war of resistance. They persisted in the war of resistance in Zhongtiao Mountain for nearly three years, and 21,000 Shaanxi soldiers died at the foot of Zhongtiao Mountain and on the banks of the Yellow River.

In the long documentary work "Li Ma Zhongtiao" created by Xu Jianming and other three local Shaanxi writers, General Sun Weiru led the Guanzhong disciples to fight the Japanese invading army in the "6·6" bloody battle. An 800-year-old warrior threw himself into the Yellow River. Details:

More than a thousand soldiers of the 177th Division's New Regiment were surrounded by Japanese soldiers twice their size. After a fight, 200 of them died, and the remaining 800 were forced to the cliffs on the banks of the Yellow River. There are cliffs on three sides.

The 800 soldiers jumped off the cliff in a brief moment. Below is the Yellow River, which is called mother. The Yellow River enveloped these 800 "cold babies" in Guanzhong who fought to the death and vowed not to surrender with their mother's loving embrace. They are all kids between 16-18 years old. None of them survived. The scene when 800 of them collectively jumped into the river was seen by villagers in the mountains. The living villager particularly clearly remembers the scene when the last soldier jumped into the river. Only the last Chinese soldier from Guanzhong was left on the cliff. This is a standard bearer. His hands were clasped tightly around his unit's flag. The military flag had been torn by bullets and stained by gunpowder smoke, but he still held his hands high. He roared a few lines of Qin opera before jumping into the river. The living local villager still remembers two lines from the play, which are two lines from Yang Jiye in "Golden Beach" - Two Wolf Mountains - Zhan Hu'er... The sky is shaking and the earth is shaking - ——

Good man——For the country——Why not——die——live...

General Sun Weiru led his officers and soldiers on the beach where 800 strong men jumped into the river Hold a public sacrifice. Black gauze wraps around the arms. Paper money flutters. The fragrant wax was blown away by the river wind. Someone suddenly discovered a military flag in the waves of the Yellow River and wondered why it was not washed away by the river. When the soldiers went down to the river to salvage the military flag, they pulled out two corpses. The flagpole penetrated a man's back and penetrated his chest. This was the body of a Japanese soldier known as a Japanese soldier. The man on top of the Japanese corpse, still clutching the flagpole tightly, was a Chinese soldier, the flag bearer who roared the Qin opera and finally jumped into the Yellow River.

At that time, the news media in Xi'an expressed sincere sighs on behalf of the people of Guanzhong: "The stability of the entire northwest is due to the arduous support of the heroic soldiers of our Fourth Group Army on the north bank of the Yellow River...".

General Wei Lihuang, commander of the First Theater Command, personally visited Pinglu to express condolences to the officers and soldiers of the Fourth Group, and enthusiastically praised the Shaanxi Army as "the iron pillar of Zhongtiao Mountain."

Chen Zhongshi once commented Said:

“No matter what regional characteristics they have in character and temperament, the awe-inspiring and inviolable righteousness embodied in the bloody battle for the survival of the nation is the reason why the glory of the Chinese nation will endure forever. Juche spirit."

In a county annals of Guanzhong, there is a list of more than ten pages of martyrs of the Anti-Japanese War, all of whom died in the Battle of Zhongtiao Mountain. At that time, the population of the county was less than 10,000, but more than 1,000 people died in this battle.

Du Yuming, courtesy name Guangting, was born in Mizhi, Shaanxi. The first class of Huangpu Military Academy graduated in 1924. Participated in the Northern Expedition. In 1932, he served as deputy division commander of the 25th Division of the Kuomintang Army. In March 1933, he led the 25th Division to participate in the Great Wall War of Resistance and dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese invaders. In 1937, he was responsible for the establishment of the Armored Corps and served as the commander of the first Armored Corps of the Kuomintang Army. After 1938, the Armored Corps was expanded into the 200th Division, the 11th Army, and was renamed the Fifth Army, and was promoted to commander. At the end of 1939, he led China's first mechanized army, the Fifth Army of the Army, to participate in the Battle of Kunlun Pass. He fought fiercely with the Japanese Fifth Division, known as the Steel Army, for three months. Won the Kunlun Pass victory. The Fifth Army became famous in one battle! He was later incorporated into the Chinese Expeditionary Force and went to Burma to fight against Japan. He returned to China in 1943. He defended Kunming and participated in the second war into Burma against Japan in 1944. After Japan surrendered in 1945, it became one of the five ace main forces of the Kuomintang.

Hu Lian, from Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province, did not read much before applying for Huangpu. However, those who have read his writings in his later years all believe that his writings are full of wisdom and profound knowledge, and he is considered to be bright and outstanding among the older generation of generals of the Kuomintang army. During the eight years of the Anti-Japanese War, he followed Chen Cheng in the southern and northern wars, fighting almost all the tough battles on the battlefield in central China. Mao Zedong once commented that he was as fierce as a tiger and as cunning as a rabbit.

In May 1943, in order to "solve" China once and for all, the Japanese army, which was deeply mired in the Pacific War, assembled more than 100,000 troops from 7 divisions of the army, navy and air force, and advanced along the natural dangers of the Three Gorges to attack the capital Chongqing. The success or failure of the war determines the life and death of the Chinese nation. At this critical juncture, the young General Hu Lian was ordered to guard the important pass of the Three Gorges - Shibei Town.

The day before the war, General Hu Lian did something that generals did in ancient times: pray to God. Maybe he was praying for the bright sky to bless the troubled Chinese nation. Maybe it was a coincidence. , the final result is really like a miracle. He also wrote five farewell letters that day. In the letter to his father, he wrote:

My father, my son is now ordered to defend the Stone Fortress. He fights alone with an unpredictable future, but he succeeds and becomes a benevolent person. There should be no other way out. . . . . . Having a son can bring death to the country, and the kindness of adults is enough comfort. . . . . . Mr. Qian adds clothes and food at the right time, which is why he surpasses the spirit of the naughty boy. In his farewell letter to his wife, he left a message: I am now ordered to guard the Stone Tablet Fortress. It is my duty, so I have no worries. . . . . . When all the sons grow up and become benevolent, it is still appropriate for them to be soldiers to avenge their fathers and to be loyal to their country. . . . . Sixty years later, when I read General Hu Lian's farewell letter, I couldn't help but blurred my eyes and choked up. The decisive battle is coming, and he knows how tragic this battle is, but he also understands the importance of the stone monument to China's war of resistance. This is the most critical hurdle for defending the country. Once the Japanese army captures the stone monument, it will move up the Three Gorges River and approach Chongqing. China will be in danger. Therefore, he could only fight to the death and not retreat. It is precisely because of such loyal and courageous people who sacrifice their lives for righteousness that the Chinese nation can finally escape the disaster of national subjugation.

On May 28, 1943, the most brutal battle for the Shibei Fortress began. The Japanese army launched a fierce attack. The Chinese army regarded death as home and fought bravely against the enemy. During the three-hour battle, there was almost no gunfire on the battlefield. With the sound of the sound, thousands of soldiers from both sides launched a medieval hand-to-hand combat with bayonets in front of the fortress. The fight with tens of thousands of bayonets is believed to be the largest hand-to-hand combat that the Japanese army encountered in World War II. In the end, the Chinese army used Flesh and blood built a wall of copper and iron to pin the Japanese devils outside the Three Gorges. At the height of the battle, the theater commander Chen Cheng called: Are you sure you can hold the fortress? Hu Lian called back: Although there is no guarantee of success, Cheng Ren is indeed determined. General Hu Lian won the defense battle known as "China's Stalingrad" with a spirit of risking death to survive. At the cost of sacrificing 15,000 men, he annihilated 25,000 enemies and shot down 45 enemy planes. With 122 ships, the battle was won in an all-round way.

In China’s eight-year history of the Anti-Japanese War, although the Chinese army fought bravely against the enemy and had a numerical advantage, wherever the well-equipped Japanese troops went, most of them ended in the defeat of the Chinese army. However, in the natural dangers of the Three Gorges, General Hu Lian, who was determined to die, led a loyal and brave army to outnumber the enemy and created a legend. Today, 60 years later, this period of history seems to have been downplayed and erased intentionally or unintentionally, but I believe that 100 years from now, in the history of the Chinese nation’s fight against foreign enemies, the name Hu Lian will be engraved in history like the ancient heroes such as Yue Fei and Wen Tianxiang. on the monument.

In May 1945, he fought side by side with the 74th Army of the Anti-Japanese Iron Army in the Battle of Xuefeng Mountain in western Hunan, serving as the main attacker and achieving a great victory in Xuefeng Mountain.

Later was promoted to commander of the 18th Army. After Japan surrendered in 1945, it became one of the five ace main forces of the Kuomintang.

Zhang Lingfu (original name Zhong Lin) was born in Chang'an, Shaanxi Province in 1903. After the Marco Polo Bridge Incident in 1937, the Nationalist Government established a new army in Hankou, the 74th Army. The commander was Yu Jishi. The 51st Division was under the jurisdiction of Wang Yaowu and the 58th Division, of which Yu Jishi was also the division commander. At the request of the division commander Wang Yaowu, Zhang Lingfu was secretly released and became the commander of the 305th Regiment, leading his troops to the Songhu battlefield. In the famous Battle of Luodian, Zhang Lingfu first maneuvered covertly to establish a strong position, and then used sneak attacks to attract the Japanese invaders in front of his own preset positions, and fought fiercely with the Japanese troops. Zhang Lingfu once jumped out of the trench, raised his machine gun and fired fiercely at the Japanese troops, leading a group of More than a hundred suicide squads charged into the battle and eliminated more than 800 Japanese troops. They achieved remarkable results and were praised by their superiors. Later, in the battle of Wangting (No. 137 Bridge), a regiment fought against the Japanese Kurume Division (18th Division) for three days and inflicted heavy damage on the enemy, successfully completing the mission. During the battle to defend Nanjing, Zhang Lingfu was injured. After the war, he was promoted to deputy brigade commander of the 153rd Brigade and commander of the 305th Regiment. During the Wuhan Defense War in October 1938, the 74th Army participated in the famous Battle of Wanjialing and cooperated with friendly forces to annihilate the Japanese 106th Division led by Lieutenant General Junroku Matsuura.

During the battle, the 51st Division of the 74th Army was ordered to capture Zhanggu Mountain and block the retreat of the 106th Division. Wang Yaowu observed the terrain and found that the mountain was easy to defend and difficult to attack, but it was the key to the entire battle. It must be captured, but there would be huge casualties. Zhang Lingfu proposed to send out surprise troops to climb up the cliff behind the mountain and launch a surprise attack to cooperate with the frontal attack. After that, Zhang Lingfu personally led his elite troops into battle and quickly occupied the mountain. Therefore, the position was crucial for the Japanese army to break out. Matsuura Junrokuro led heavy troops and attacked with aircraft and heavy artillery. Zhang Lingfu, who was wounded by many shrapnel, still led his troops to fight to the death. He fought hand-to-hand with the Japanese army and fought for it repeatedly. After five days and nights of fierce fighting, he finally firmly controlled the position. . During this battle, the Japanese army left more than 4,000 corpses in front of Zhang Lingfu's position! It can be said that without victory in the battle for Zhanggushan, there would be no victory at Wanjialing. In this battle, the 74th Army became famous in the first battle and became one of the main forces of the national army. Zhang also won the Kuomintang Cloud Cloak Medal and was promoted to the commander of the 153rd Brigade. In the spring of 1941, the National Army and the Japanese invaders launched a battle at Shanggao in Jiangxi Province. The Japanese 33rd Division was defeated and suffered heavy casualties. About seven-tenths of the 34th Division and the 20th Independent Mixed Brigade were wiped out, and the national army killed and wounded more than 15,000 Japanese troops in total. This battle was called "the most exciting battle" since the Anti-Japanese War by He Yingqin. In this battle, "the 74th Army's combat strength was strong" (Luo Zhuoying's message to Chiang Kai-shek on March 29). According to the war history of the Chinese Army: "On the 22nd, the Japanese 34th Division in the middle route concentrated more than 10,000 troops and stormed the 74th Army's positions under the cover of aircraft. The 74th Army resisted with all their might. Although blood and flesh were everywhere and heavy casualties were suffered, they still did not retreat. It was The enemy and our casualties each day were more than 4,000." After the war, the 74th Army won the National Government's No. 1 Military Merit Certificate and the highest military honor, the "Flying Tiger Flag", for its outstanding military exploits and was known as the Anti-Japanese Iron Army. Acting commander Zhang Lingfu was promoted to commander of the 58th Division in the winter of that year due to his outstanding performance in this campaign. Soon, General Zhang Lingfu was specially approved by Chiang Kai-shek to enter the Class A general officer class of the Army University and became the only major general student in the Class A general officer class. During the Battle of Changde in 1943, Zhang Lingfu personally led a commando team to rescue the 57th Division of the 74th Army of the Changde garrison. The battle was extremely fierce, forcing the Japanese army to withdraw the same day they occupied Changde City, and made great contributions to the recovery of Changde. In April 1945, in the most beautiful battle of the National Army's Anti-Japanese War - the Battle of Zhijiang in Hunan (Battle of Xuefengshan), Zhang Lingfu commanded the 58th Division of the 74th Army and won a complete victory in a bloody battle with the main force of the Japanese army in Tieshan. Zhang Lingfu was called " "Victorious General". After the war, he was awarded the third-class Baoding Medal and was promoted to lieutenant general of the 74th Army. Later, it became the first of the five ace main forces of the Kuomintang. After the end of the Anti-Japanese War, the 74th Army was reorganized into the 74th Division, which received high honors and guarded Nanjing as the Imperial Guard.