History of Weining Caohai

1. The complete history of Weining Caohai Nature Reserve is located in Weining Yi and Miao Autonomous County in western Guizhou. Caohai, known as the "Pearl of the Plateau", is the largest natural freshwater lake in Guizhou, with the same name as Qinghai Lake and Dianchi Lake, and is a national nature reserve. The altitude is 2 17 1.7 meters, and the coverage area remains above 30 square kilometers, so it is named after the lush aquatic plants.

According to local records, first things, north and south, the four seas, and then land. During the spring and summer of the seventh year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1857), heavy rains caused disasters, flash floods broke out, and the undercurrent channel was blocked, so that the water in the western suburb plain could not be discharged, which made this basin with an altitude of 2000 meters form a plateau Haizi. Later, there were many aquatic plants such as reeds and cattails in the lake, so it was named Caohai. Weining fine fish produced is 1-2 cm long, tender and delicious, and enjoys a good reputation throughout the country. It also produces dozens of wading and swimming birds, such as long-tailed pheasants, golden pheasants, white cranes, geese and wild ducks. It is also the habitat of red-crowned cranes, black-necked cranes and white storks. The breeding rate of nutria, lynx, mink and silver fox in captivity is very high. The lake is rich in aquatic animals and plants such as fish, shrimp and cattail, and is home to more than 100 kinds of exotic waterfowl. The black-necked crane, the only highland crane in the world, overwinters here every year.

Caohai is warm in winter and has a pleasant climate. In late spring, colorful and moving azaleas bloom in a large area around Caohai. Caohai is the most beautiful in autumn. The aquatic plants in the lake bloom one after another. Strings of yellow flowers, red flowers and white flowers bloom in the clear water, and the flowers float with the water waves, like entering a fairyland. Winter in Caohai is the best season to watch black-necked cranes. Whenever the weather is fine, standing on the shore and looking out, the water and sky are one color, the smoke is vast, flowers bloom, kites fly and fish jump, and geese fly through autumn, which is refreshing.

Caohai is not only rich in resources, but also beautiful all year round, whether it is sunny or rainy. Boarding the seascape building in the suburbs, the surrounding mountains are overlapping and criss-crossing, and the mountain villages are faintly visible. The lake is blue, the water and the sky are the same, and there are a little fishing boats. There is a Penglai Island, isolated in the middle of the lake, with lush trees, exquisite pavilions and butterflies passing through flowers, which is called "water park".

There are Han, Yi, Hui and Miao people living around Caohai. During festivals, people of all ethnic groups race horses, play lusheng, sing and dance here, which is very lively.

Caohai is not only a good place to carry out tourism activities, but also an ideal place for scientific investigation. Experts at home and abroad have investigated the topography, landform, soil, hydrology, climate, water quality, terrestrial vegetation, aquatic vegetation, zooplankton, phytoplankton, amphibians, fish, birds, amphibians and reptiles in Caohai area, and Caohai has become the focus of World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and International Crane Foundation (ICF).

2. Who knows the origin and history of Caohai in Weining, Guizhou? Caohai, a national nature reserve in the western suburbs of the county, ranks alongside Qinghai Lake and Dianchi Lake as the three plateau lakes in China. It is known as the "species gene bank", "natural museum" and "bird kingdom" and has the reputation of "the pearl of the plateau".

1992 10, the State Council declared Caohai a national nature reserve with an area of 120 square kilometers. Caohai has gradually attracted the attention of the world, becoming one of the top ten best bird watching areas in the world and an important base for bird research. In the latest edition of the national primary school moral education textbook, the article "Hometown of Black-necked Crane-Weining Caohai" was included in the textbook. Caohai belongs to the Yangtze River system, is the upstream source lake of Hengjiang, a tributary of Jinsha River, and is the largest natural freshwater lake in Guizhou Plateau, with an altitude of 2 170 meters, 600 meters higher than the main peak of Mount Tai.

Wetlands are adjacent to farmland, and the recharge sources of lake water are mainly atmospheric precipitation and groundwater, with an annual recharge of 8 million to 9 million cubic meters. The average water depth of the lake area is 2 meters, and the deepest point is 5 meters. There are abundant aquatic plants in the lake, including more than 40 kinds of aquatic plants such as cauliflower, reed, cattail, onion, purple algae and Ceratophyllum, hence the name "Caohai". The beauty of Caohai is unique. The vast water surface and winding peaks surround the sea, which is high and low and stratified twice.

In the southeast sea, the long dike of Liu Dong Bridge is located on the waves, and in the waters of the West Sea, the Yangguan Mountain is abrupt. Surrounded by mountains and waters, the show is euphemistic

You can see the sea as far as possible. When you swim in the sea, you can also see the mountains. Mountains and rivers are interdependent and natural. Caohai is a paradise for birds. There are 208 species of birds in the lake, with more than 654.38 million birds.

There are 1 186 species of birds in China, and 4 17 species in Guizhou. Caohai has become the second largest migratory bird paradise in China. There are 7 species of national first-class protected birds, such as black-necked crane, golden eagle, Hei He and white-tailed sea eagle, more than 20 species of second-class protected birds, 56 species of birds protected by Sino-Japanese migratory bird agreement, and 27 species of national rare and endangered key protected animals.

Among all kinds of rare birds, the black-necked crane, known as the "giant panda among birds", is the most precious. It is the only crane of 15 species found so far in the world that lives on the plateau, and it is also the latest crane recorded in Science, with only over 7,000 cranes left in the world. According to the latest observation data, since the spring of 2008, 1 194 black-necked cranes, 774 gray cranes and 3820 spotted geese have wintered in Caohai.

Water is another scene of Caohai, especially clear and blue, like transparent glass, you can see swimming fish and aquatic plants at a glance.

3. Who knows the history of Weining Caohai? Caohai, also known as Nanhaizi and Baxianhai, is a limestone karst lake located in Weining County, western Guizhou Province, China, and has the reputation of "Pearl of the Plateau".

According to the Records of Weining County, in the tenth year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1860), the local rain continued and flash floods broke out, and the original scattered water cave was blocked by sand and stones, forming Zeguo, which was named after the South China Sea and the West Sea. Because there are many herbs in Caohai water, especially the most abundant cattail, it is named Caohai. Its drainage area is about 380 square kilometers, the lake area is 45 square kilometers, the general water depth is 2 meters, and the water storage capacity is1.400 million cubic meters.

There are 43 species of aquatic plants in Caohai, belonging to 142 genera. Among the fish resources, Weining fine fish is a rare specialty, with a body length of 1~2 cm, fresh, tender and delicious.

In winter, it is also a cold shelter for migratory birds such as black-necked cranes, white storks, geese and wild ducks. Caohai has shallow water, good water quality, high transparency, rich biological resources, and the bottom of the lake is mostly muddy, so there are many kinds of aquatic higher plants. Almost all kinds of aquatic higher plants are covered by aquatic higher plants, among which there are 37 species of green grass belonging to 26 genera and 20 families, which is bottomless. Because of its unique natural conditions, Caohai has become the habitat of hundreds of birds and waterfowl.

Among them, the rare birds under national first-class protection include black-necked crane, white-headed crane, black stork, white stork and white-tailed sea eagle. There are more than ten species under secondary protection, such as white spoonbill, kite, white-tailed wren, peregrine falcon, kestrel, grey crane and short spike number. Caohai Lake is the largest freshwater natural lake in Guizhou and a typical plateau wetland ecosystem. On the south bank of the lake, there is a peninsula of about 0.33 square kilometers, and the narrowest part is only 200 meters wide, which is connected with the land. Caohai Lake covers an area of 45 square kilometers, with an elevation of 2 170 meters and an average water depth of 2 meters. Caohai Lake, Weining, Bijie, Guizhou (1 1 Zhang).

1992 was approved as a national nature reserve by the State Council. Caohai is located in Weining County, western Guizhou.

It is the largest natural freshwater lake in Guizhou, with an altitude of 2 1, 7 1.7 meters and an area of more than 30 square kilometers, so it is named for its lush aquatic plants. Caohai is surrounded by green hills and dense forests.

The lake is rich in aquatic animals and plants such as fish, shrimp and cattail. There are more than 65,438,000 exotic waterfowl living here, and the black-necked crane, a plateau migratory bird endemic to China, overwinters here every year. It mainly protects wetland birds mainly with black-necked cranes.

Caohai is known as the "Bird Kingdom". * * There are 100 species of birds and more than 70 species of rare birds. Particularly rare birds are black-necked cranes, gray cranes, red-crowned cranes, yellow-spotted pheasants, black-winged long-legged snipes and herons, as well as a large number of geese and wild ducks, which are endless in the world. Caohai is warm in winter and has a pleasant climate.

In late spring, colorful and moving azaleas bloom in a large area around Caohai. Caohai is the most beautiful in autumn. The aquatic plants in the lake bloom one after another. Strings of yellow flowers, red flowers and white flowers bloom in the clear water, and the flowers float with the water waves, like entering a fairyland.

Winter in Caohai is the best season to watch more than 300 kinds of birds such as black-necked cranes. Caohai is surrounded by green hills, with dense forests, water and sky, and towering peaks. There is an isolated island in the west of Caohai called "Yangguan Mountain", which is heard by chickens and dogs. The lake is white and sparkling, and it is a quiet and indifferent paradise.

There are six-hole bridges and Wanghai Tower in the southeast of Caohai. Along the bridge, there is a bank with willows and weeping willows, and there is a temple at the eastern end of the bank. It is said that Lv Dongbin once visited this place. Caohai is rich in aquatic animals and plants such as fish, shrimp, waterfowl and cattail, and is the home of rare waterfowl.

Among them, the most famous are black-necked cranes and wild ducks. The climate here is humid and mild, so in late spring, the grass sea is full of all kinds of azaleas.

How much vitality and vigor have been added to the silent grassland. The scenery of the Yi people near Caohai is charming. Every year on Duanyang Festival, Yi people hold horse races here, and young men and women dance in Lusheng folk songs and exchange glances with each other.

4. Weining Caohai Complete History Weining Caohai Nature Reserve is located in Weining Yi and Miao Autonomous County in western Guizhou.

Caohai, known as the "Pearl of the Plateau", is the largest natural freshwater lake in Guizhou, with the same name as Qinghai Lake and Dianchi Lake, and is a national nature reserve. The altitude is 2 17 1.7 meters, and the coverage area remains above 30 square kilometers, so it is named after the lush aquatic plants.

According to local records, first things, north and south, the four seas, and then land. During the spring and summer of the seventh year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1857), heavy rains caused disasters, flash floods broke out, and the undercurrent channel was blocked, so that the water in the western suburb plain could not be discharged, which made this basin with an altitude of 2000 meters form a plateau Haizi.

Later, there were many aquatic plants such as reeds and cattails in the lake, so it was named Caohai. Weining fine fish produced is 1-2 cm long, tender and delicious, and enjoys a good reputation throughout the country.

It also produces dozens of wading and swimming birds, such as long-tailed pheasants, golden pheasants, white cranes, geese and wild ducks. It is also the habitat of red-crowned cranes, black-necked cranes and white storks.

The breeding rate of nutria, lynx, mink and silver fox in captivity is very high. The lake is rich in aquatic animals and plants such as fish, shrimp and cattail, and is home to more than 100 kinds of exotic waterfowl. The black-necked crane, the only highland crane in the world, overwinters here every year.

Caohai is warm in winter and has a pleasant climate. In late spring, colorful and moving azaleas bloom in a large area around Caohai.

Caohai is the most beautiful in autumn. The aquatic plants in the lake bloom one after another. Strings of yellow flowers, red flowers and white flowers bloom in the clear water, and the flowers float with the water waves, like entering a fairyland. Winter in Caohai is the best season to watch black-necked cranes.

Whenever the weather is fine, standing on the shore and looking out, the water and sky are one color, the smoke is vast, flowers bloom, kites fly and fish jump, and geese fly through autumn, which is refreshing. Caohai is not only rich in resources, but also beautiful all year round, whether it is sunny or rainy.

Boarding the seascape building in the suburbs, the surrounding mountains are overlapping and criss-crossing, and the mountain villages are faintly visible. The lake is blue, the water and the sky are the same, and there are a little fishing boats.

There is a Penglai Island, isolated in the middle of the lake, with lush trees, exquisite pavilions and butterflies passing through flowers, which is called "water park". There are Han, Yi, Hui and Miao people living around Caohai. During festivals, people of all ethnic groups race horses, play lusheng, sing and dance here, which is very lively.

Caohai is not only a good place to carry out tourism activities, but also an ideal place for scientific investigation. Experts at home and abroad have investigated the topography, landform, soil, hydrology, climate, water quality, terrestrial vegetation, aquatic vegetation, zooplankton, phytoplankton, amphibians, fish, birds, amphibians and reptiles in Caohai area, and Caohai has become the focus of World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and International Crane Foundation (ICF).

5. What are the tourism resources of Weining? Caohai Lake is the largest natural freshwater lake in Guizhou, with an altitude of 265,438+0,765,438+0.7 meters and an area of more than 30 square kilometers, so it is named for its lush aquatic plants. There are 37 species of higher aquatic plants in the area, among which cauliflower is a national key protected plant, with more than 0 species of fish 10 and 78 species or subspecies of birds/kloc-0, among which 27 species are national key protected animals and 48 species are protected by Sino-Japanese migratory birds agreement, making it one of the main wintering places for black-necked cranes, the first-class protected animals.

Caohai is surrounded by green hills and dense forests. The lake is rich in aquatic animals and plants such as fish, shrimp and cattail. There are more than 65,438,000 exotic waterfowl living here, and the black-necked crane, a plateau migratory bird endemic to China, overwinters here every year. It mainly protects wetland birds mainly with black-necked cranes. Caohai is known as the "Bird Kingdom". * * There are 100 species of birds and more than 70 species of rare birds. Particularly rare birds are black-necked cranes, gray cranes, red-crowned cranes, yellow-spotted pheasants, black-winged long-legged snipes and herons, as well as a large number of geese and wild ducks, which are endless in the world.

Caohai is warm in winter and has a pleasant climate. In late spring, colorful and moving azaleas bloom in a large area around Caohai. Caohai is the most beautiful in autumn. The aquatic plants in the lake bloom one after another. Strings of yellow flowers, red flowers and white flowers bloom in the clear water, and the flowers float with the water waves, like entering a fairyland. Winter in Caohai is the best season to watch more than 300 kinds of birds such as black-necked cranes.

Caohai is surrounded by green hills, with dense forests, water and sky, and towering peaks. There is an isolated island in the west of Caohai called "Yangguan Mountain", which is heard by chickens and dogs. The lake is white and sparkling, and it is a quiet and indifferent paradise. There are six-hole bridges and Wanghai Tower in the southeast of Caohai. Along the bridge, there is a bank with willows and weeping willows, and there is a temple at the eastern end of the bank. It is said that Lv Dongbin once visited this place.

Caohai is rich in aquatic animals and plants such as fish, shrimp, waterfowl and cattail, and is the home of rare waterfowl. Among them, the most famous are black-necked cranes and wild ducks.

6. The Historical Evolution of Weining Weining Yi * * * Miao Autonomous County is the largest ethnic autonomous county in Guizhou Province, and it is a pilot county in Guizhou Province. It is located in the northwest of the province and borders Yunnan Province on three sides: north, west and south. It covers an area of 6,295 square kilometers and has a population of about 1.402 million. Among them, Yi, Hui and Miao ethnic minorities account for 23. 1% of the total population. The county government is located in Caohai Town. [ 1]

Weining takes the meaning of Wei Zhen 'an Ning.

Weining Yi * * * Miao Autonomous County is located in the southwest of Liangzhou in summer, which belongs to the northwest corner of Ghost Square in Yin Zhou Dynasty, and lives in Nanbi and Shudi in Spring and Autumn Period, and is the territory of Mo State in the west of Yelang in Warring States Period.

The Qin Dynasty belongs to Xiang County, bounded by Liuchong River and connected with the southern soil of Shu County.

The Han Dynasty belongs to Qianwei County; Shu Han belongs to Zhu Di County.

During the Jin, Song and Southern Qi Dynasties, it was called Southern Judy County. Liang and Chen are led by Nanning, but they are actually owned by local tycoons.

Sui Dynasty belonged to Lulu Department. The Tang Dynasty was a small country, called Baozhou. Deshengpo in the territory is the location of Baozhou. In the Five Dynasties, she was a nun in Ba Wu Fan. During the Northern Song Dynasty, it belonged to the Wusa Department of Jimi Prefecture, which was led by Shao Qing government. It was controlled by Dali in the Southern Song Dynasty.

In the 13th year of Yuan Shizu Yuan (1276), Wusa Road was established; Fifteen years (1278), renamed the General Administration of Military Affairs; In the 21st year (1284), it was changed to the military and civilian propaganda department of Wusa, and in the 24th year (1287), it was promoted to the propaganda department of Wusa Wumeng, which belongs to Yunnan Province. Administer Wusha, and administer Weining, Hezhang and other places today. Yuan Shundi was transferred to Sichuan in the first year (1335).

In the 14th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (138 1), Wusha surrendered, was granted the magistrate of Wusha, and was transferred to Yunnan. In the fifteenth year (1382), Uzawei was placed as the commander and emissary, and transferred to Yunnan. In the 16th year (1383), Uzhafu was transferred to the post of Chief Secretary of Sichuan; Seventeen years (1384) was promoted to military and political affairs. In the 12th year of Yongle (14 14), Wusa Yuli was transferred to the capital of Guizhou.

In the fourth year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1665), xi Ankun and Wu San An Chongsheng were pacified. In five years (1666), Wushatu Prefecture in Sichuan Province was changed to Weining Prefecture, and it was transferred to Guizhou with the meaning of Wei Zhen An Ning. In twenty-six years (1687), Dading, Qianxi and Pingyuan belonged to Weining Prefecture. In the seventh year of Yongzheng, Weining Prefecture was reduced to a state, belonging to Dading Prefecture.

In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), the abandoned Weining mansion was located in Weining county and deshengpo county, which was supervised by the Commissioner's Office of the Fourth Administrative Office of Guizhou Province. In five years (19 16), he moved to deshengpo county, Hezhang.

1949, the people's alliance of all ethnic groups and all walks of life in Weining was established. 1954165438+1October1,with the approval of the State Council, Weining county was abolished and Weining Yi * * * Miao Autonomous Region was established. 1955 was renamed as Weining Yi * *.

From July 20 13 1 day, Weining Yi * * * Miao Autonomous County became a pilot county directly under the jurisdiction of Guizhou Province. [2]

7. What are the development status and existing problems of Weining Caohai? 1. The development of the famous tourist destination of Caohai in Weining needs not only economic support, but also a good reputation, because the popularity seriously affects the number of tourists and the investment of funds.

However, in the process of data collection and interview, the author found that 70% of Guizhou people know Caohai, but only 40% of them have a comprehensive understanding of Weining Caohai. 16% of the respondents have traveled to Weining Caohai. Only 10% of the respondents in Guizhou Province know about Weining Caohai, and 1% of them have been to Weining Caohai.

The data shows that foreign tourists in Weining Caohai only account for about 20% of the total number of tourists. Look at the relevant web pages of Weining Caohai, only a few pictures of Caohai and a fairly concise introduction.

Therefore, so far, the tourism reputation of Weining Caohai is still not optimistic, and such problems need to be publicized and disseminated in the future development and development. 2. Weining people's understanding of Caohai tourism development and protection. The most important thing for the tourism development of Caohai is to get the support of the people of * * * and Weining, but now * * * only pays attention to the ecological protection of Caohai, and tourism is still a relatively primitive way of tourism.

Public understanding is still against it. They think that the development of Weining Caohai will seize their land, so since the establishment of Caohai Nature Reserve, * * * has not only moved farmers in Caohai Nature Reserve again and again, but also stopped again and again because of financial subsidies and land problems.

3. As far as human resource management is concerned, human resource management is an important part of ecotourism. Tourism human resources are an important guarantee to enhance the sustainable development ability of ecotourism, an organizer, builder and maintainer of ecotourism, and an effective disseminator of ecotourism. Management and managers play a leading role in the prosperity of tourism.

They guide tourists' travel behavior and their consumption direction; Provide tourists with information about ecological products and services and enterprise ecological management, publicize, indoctrinate and infiltrate ecological products and services and ecological concepts to create consumers' eco-tourism needs; According to ecological concepts and principles, the ecological prices of products and services are formulated to guide customers' ecological consumption. At present, there are still some problems in human resources management of eco-tourism in Caohai, Weining.

The staff of Weining Caohai Protection Station, which is responsible for the protection of Caohai, should be 60, but actually there are only 38. The current staff of 1/3 were recruited in August this year. Among its employees, there are only a few undergraduates, and their majors are scattered, including English, human resources and China language and literature. The staff of the protection station not only protects Caohai at ordinary times, but also helps to manage Caohai tourism.

They don't have weekends. Their daily job is to get off work together. Usually, in addition to assisting more than 65,438+000 boatmen, they also need to dispatch manpower back to the station to complete the day's work. In this way, there is no reasonable work arrangement method, which greatly reduces the work efficiency.

4. Tourism economic income At present, there are few sources of economic income settlement projects in Caohai, Weining, mainly including fishery, seaweed salvage and tourists' consumption in Weining. In 20 10, the income of Weining Caohai tourism production is only 120 1 10,000 yuan; 20 1 1 The average monthly income is 1.5 million yuan; National Day holiday income 1.6 million yuan.

5. In terms of capital investment, Caohai's current capital investment is mainly on infrastructure construction. The total investment is 65.438+0.38 billion yuan, 50 million yuan to build a 28-kilometer highway around the sea, 870,000 yuan to build domestic sewage, 200 million yuan to build and maintain four existing docks and corresponding police systems, and other projects: Caohai wetland ecological maintenance system and the construction of 3A-level scenic spots.

6. Infrastructure construction is a difficult point in Caohai development. At present, there are only two docks, more than 65,438 ships, a bird-watching platform and a flower and bird market completed in June 1965, with 438+0 1, and other infrastructure construction is under planning and approval.