Does the state have any requirements for buildings around gas stations?

According to the regulations of "GB50156-2002 Design and Construction Specifications for Automobile Gas Stations", the safe distance between gas stations and surrounding important public buildings is 50 meters, and the safety distance between secondary stations and surrounding civil buildings is 50 meters. Distance (category 1 is 20 meters, category 2 is 16 meters, category 3 is 12 meters). ?

1. First-level stations: those with an oil tank capacity of 120 cubic meters or more, which can also be visually inspected, usually with 8 tankers or more; (generally distributed on highways and national highways) (if If a safety accident occurs, it will usually be affected within a few kilometers)

2. Secondary station: usually 6 gas pumps; (generally distributed on provincial roads and county roads) (if a safety accident occurs Generally, it will be affected within two kilometers)

3. Level 3 stations: generally two to six gas pumps; (generally distributed on county roads and all roads below county roads) (if If a safety accident occurs, it will usually be affected within one kilometer)

Currently, there are many types of refueling machines used in gas stations, ranging from mechanical to electronic to computerized automatic refueling machines. The flow rate of the tanker can be divided into two types: 50-60 liters/min and 80-90 liters/min.

Small flow tankers are suitable for refueling cars and vans; large flow tankers are suitable for refueling large passenger cars and container trucks.

The basic structure (mechanical transmission part) of various fuel dispensers is the same. The difference between the mechanical type and the electronic type lies in the different digital display devices. The electronic type can be used in conjunction with a microcomputer to achieve automatic operation.

Extended information:

Safety measures:

Specific measures

1. Ground anti-static facilities

Come on Station static grounding is to use wires to connect oil storage tanks, oil pipelines, tanker oil unloading platforms and other facilities to the earth, so that the conductor potential is close to the earth potential. The oil unloading ground wire should be connected to the anti-static grounding body at the same potential. Obviously, the purpose of grounding is to provide a channel for the electrostatic charge on the charged body to leak to the earth, so as to prevent the accumulation of static charge on the charged body or the increase of the electrostatic potential.

It is necessary to frequently check the grounding of the refueling nozzle and the connection of the flange on the pipeline, eliminate rust in time, and ensure that the grounding resistance of the entire grounding system is not greater than 1008. Note: When the three grounding systems of anti-static, lightning protection and power frequency electrical use one grounding body, the grounding resistance should be selected according to the minimum value, generally 4 to 108.

2. Increase air humidity

Humidification mainly increases the leakage of static electricity along the surface of the insulating medium, rather than increasing the leakage of static electricity. Humidification of hydrophilic substances can not only accelerate the leakage of static electricity and prevent the accumulation of static electricity, but also increase the minimum ignition energy of explosive mixtures. At gas stations, water vapor or water is mainly sprayed into the refueling area, oil storage tank area, oil unloading area, and tank trucks to keep the relative humidity in the gas station area within the range of 65 to 75.

3. Doping reduces resistivity

To effectively leak static electricity on charged objects, the grounding method is only applicable to charged metal conductors or static conductors and sub-conductors, while increasing humidity It is only effective for hydrophilic charged media. To effectively leak the charge of electrostatic non-conductors with high resistivity, it can only be solved by reducing their resistivity and improving conductivity. That is, adding impurities that can reduce resistivity to dielectric materials such as fuel, plastic products, etc. Improve its conductive properties. Theory and experiments show that for solid materials, when the resistivity drops below 1098cm, static electricity can be effectively leaked and the dangerous accumulation of static electricity can be prevented; as for liquids, when the resistivity drops below 10108cm, the danger of static electricity can be eliminated. The antistatic agent commonly used in the market belongs to the chemical doping method. Antistatic agents have strong hygroscopicity and conductivity and are worthy of promotion and application.

4. Ionized air method

The ionized air method is to install a static neutralizer to ionize the air and generate a large number of ions (generally positive and negative ions) necessary to eliminate static electricity. right). The ionized air method is easy to use and does not affect fuel quality.

5. Control the danger level of the place

In motor vehicle gas stations, ventilation devices should be mainly installed in enclosed dangerous spaces to discharge explosive mixtures (such as possible oil mist, etc.) in a timely manner. , so that the concentration of the mixture does not exceed the lower explosion limit.

6. Human body electrostatic protection

Human activity is also one of the sources of static electricity in gas stations. Due to the complexity of human body charging, a complete human body anti-static system should be established. This system can be considered to be composed of anti-static work clothes, shoes and socks, floors, etc., supplemented when necessary by anti-static wristbands, gloves, foot covers, hats, aprons, etc., as well as workbenches, seats, etc., all belong to the anti-static system category. This integrated protection system combines static leakage, neutralization and shielding functions. In addition to the above measures, on the premise that all safety protection facilities and equipment are in good condition, gas station staff should hold certificates and operate in strict accordance with the regulations. This is the most direct and effective means to prevent static electricity disaster accidents. Various Positive and negative examples repeatedly prove this truth.

7. Strengthen safety control and education

Fires and explosions at gas stations caused by smoking are all caused by human factors. Therefore, it is particularly important to strengthen safety education for gas station personnel. On the one hand, it is necessary to carry out regular oil knowledge learning so that staff can understand the properties, characteristics and oil vapor explosion limits of various oil products, and subjectively enhance their awareness of accident prevention.

At the same time, typical cases of fire and explosion accidents caused by smoking should be used to provide warning education to gas station personnel so that they can fully understand the harm of smoking to individuals, families, units, and society, and improve their sense of responsibility. Consciously quit smoking or stop smoking at gas stations. On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen the control of surrounding personnel outside the station and external refueling personnel, drivers and passengers, and effectively conduct inspections and supervision and guidance to ensure safety "inside" and "outside the station".

8. Improve the construction of supporting facilities

New gas stations must be designed and constructed in strict accordance with the technical requirements of "GB50156-2002 Design and Construction Specifications for Automobile Refueling Stations". For gas stations that are not built according to standards, potential accident hazards left during the construction process should be promptly identified, and the construction of supporting facilities should be further improved according to the "Specifications", such as unreasonable oil unloading, refueling process systems, breathing ducts, and oil tank room installations Oil tanks, oil pipelines laid in trenches, and pipeline trenches for heat, oil, and electrical equipment, etc.

Minimize the emission of oil and gas under normal conditions and prevent the escape and accumulation of oil and gas under abnormal conditions and the transformation of non-explosive hazardous places into explosive hazardous places.

9. Strictly control fire sources

Gas stations are places where fireworks are strictly prohibited. Strict control of fire sources (fire) is a necessary measure to eliminate hidden dangers of accidents. However, some gas stations have a serious fluke mentality in the management of fire sources (tinder). They turn a blind eye to smoking and have poor supervision. The management of external personnel only requires requirements, no inspections, and lacks necessary tough measures. It is all based on The consciousness and initiative of outsiders make it common for outsiders to smoke in dangerous places.

If this situation does not change, accidents will become inevitable. Therefore, it is strictly prohibited to carry and store fire inside gas stations, and gas station personnel should be encouraged to quit smoking.

10. Strengthen supervision and inspection

A sound supervision mechanism is the guarantee for the implementation of the system. While internal personnel supervise each other, it is necessary to focus on strengthening the supervision of outsiders and customers. Obvious warning slogans should be set up at the entrance of gas stations, and gas station personnel are required to give verbal reminders to customers. When carrying out construction and renovation at gas stations, safety education should be provided to construction workers before construction, with special emphasis on the reasons and hazards of smoking not being allowed in gas stations.

During the construction process, special personnel must be on-site to supervise. Especially when there is a fire, the scope must be strictly controlled, and the oil and gas concentration at the fire site must be monitored in real time to ensure safe construction without accidents.

Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Gas Station