Dairy farm safety production management system

Various management systems for dairy farms and parks

One-person management system

(1) Janitor management system

1. No idlers are allowed to enter. There must be formalities when entering and exiting public properties. Vehicles entering and exiting must be inspected. All external visits without the approval or accompanying of the person in charge of the farm are prohibited.

2. Non-staff members are strictly prohibited from staying or chatting in the concierge, and other poultry, livestock and other animals are strictly prohibited from entering the venue.

3. Do a good job of internal and external hygiene and epidemic prevention and disinfection at the door. Non-production vehicles are strictly prohibited from entering the site, and those that do need to enter must be strictly disinfected.

4. Be serious and responsible, stick to your post, do not be late and leave early, do not leave your job without permission after taking over, do not sit back and relax during the night shift, and check all property in the area of ??responsibility from time to time. Due to irresponsible work, lost If property is damaged, compensation will be based on the price. If the loss is significant, the labor contract will be terminated.

(2) Employee Management Code

1. Strictly abide by various internal rules and regulations of the dairy farm, stick to your post, perform your duties with due diligence, and actively complete your job.

2. Obey leadership, follow instructions, strictly implement work and rest time, and complete attendance registration.

3. Earnestly implement production technical operating procedures and complete shift handover procedures.

4. Work clothes must be worn during working hours, noisy and noisy, and no leaving work without authorization are strictly prohibited.

5. Smoking and working with open flames are strictly prohibited in the breeding area. Production is safe and civilized, and the cattle and public property are cared for.

6. Observe disciplines and laws, work hard, increase revenue and reduce expenditure, and strive to improve economic efficiency.

7. Establish a collectivist concept and actively provide suggestions for the development and revitalization of dairy farms.

(3) Financial system

1. Strictly abide by the financial system stipulated by the state, establish accounting concepts, establish an accounting system, and all production units and grassroots teams must implement economic accounting.

2. Establish systems for the entry, exit, acceptance, storage, and distribution of materials and products.

3. Announce the entire financial budget and final accounts to the Workers' Congress at the beginning and end of the year, and report the production and financial implementation status every quarter.

4. Do a good job in various statistical work.

(4) Responsibilities of technical personnel;

1. Formulate the annual, seasonal and monthly production plans of the cattle farm and the production tasks of various cattle groups, including milk production, calving, selection Breeding, breeding, forage consumption, cattle weight gain and drug planning.

2. Assist the director to improve the work, propose technical measures and technical requirements to ensure the completion of production tasks at each stage, implement technical guidance and check the implementation of various technical measures, discover and promptly solve the problems in the implementation of technical measures problems arise.

3. Responsible for the prevention and control of cattle diseases, feeding management and breeding work, and continuously improve the quality and health of cattle. Summarize the reasons for cattle breeding, disease, quarantine and the improvement and reduction of production performance of different individual cattle, and propose technical improvement suggestions.

4. Responsible for formulating feed preparation, rationing and storage techniques, summarizing feeding technology experience, promoting the application of advanced feeding techniques, implementing scientific cattle breeding, and accurately filling in cattle files and various production plan data records.

5. Accurately weigh and record the milk production, milk fat rate, daily weight gain, etc. of the cow.

6. Report any accidents that occur during cattle production to the farm leaders in a timely manner and assume the due responsibilities.

7. Cultivate and improve the technical level of cattle farm employees, report work to the farm director in a timely manner, and be a good consultant.

(5) Responsibilities of breeders

1. Breeders should be familiar with the basic situation of the cattle in their charge, and memorize the cattle number, age (months, parity), date of birth, Estrus, estrus, breeding and pregnancy status.

2. Master certain knowledge of feeding and management, estrus identification and disease observation, and raise and manage cattle in strict accordance with operating procedures.

3. Breed differently according to physiological characteristics such as fat condition, feed intake, and physical condition of the cattle. Do a good job in group feeding according to specific circumstances.

4. The principle is to feed coarse food first and then fine food, feed it frequently and feed it sparingly, and do not feed moldy, spoiled or frozen feed. Pay attention to foreign objects in the forage, and ensure that the troughs are not empty and there is no continuous weeding.

5. Insist on brushing and wiping the cow body, keeping the enclosure and surrounding environment hygienic, paying attention to the cow's spirit, appetite, feces and other conditions, reporting any abnormalities to the veterinarian in a timely manner, and cooperating with the technical staff to carry out quarantine and breeding. , weighing, physical examination and disease treatment and nursing work.

6. Insist on cleaning the cattle trough in the house every shift, and frequently clean the feeding trough to ensure that the cattle trough in the house is clean and free of debris.

7. Cow dung must be piled neatly in designated places and must not be dumped randomly.

(6) Veterinary Responsibilities

1. Do a good job in health prevention and quarantine, disease prevention and treatment of the entire site.

2. The cattle must be inspected every day when they are put into the trough, and any problems found should be dealt with in a timely manner. Do not wait for medical treatment, and focus on disease prevention.

3. Carry out disease diagnosis and treatment carefully and carefully, give full play to your technical level and intelligence, solve problems in a timely manner, and participate in consultations.

4. Accurate diagnosis, timely medication, and complete medical records must be achieved.

5. Cooperate with the production farm director, participate in feeding management, and jointly improve the level of feeding and management.

6. Submit various reports promptly and accurately.

7. Regularly carry out quarantine, epidemic prevention, deworming, hoof trimming and other work.

8. Popularize dairy cow health care knowledge, train employees on feeding management and disease prevention and control knowledge, improve the quality of employees, and master advanced feeding methods.

9. Actively learn and master the latest scientific and technological information, combine it with actual conditions in a timely manner, and use it in production practice.

10. No unauthorized visits to cows outside the dairy farm for medical treatment are allowed.

11. Actively cooperate with leaders and colleagues to learn from each other and improve together.

12. Complete temporarily arranged work in a timely manner.

2. Sanitation and Epidemic Prevention and Disinfection System

1. Epidemic prevention procedures strictly comply with the provisions of the "Animal Epidemic Prevention Law of the People's Republic of China" and implement the "prevention first" policy. Purify the main animal diseases of dairy cows, prevent the introduction or occurrence of diseases, and control the spread of animal infectious diseases and parasitic diseases.

2. Employees must wear work clothes when entering the production area and wash their hands and disinfect in the disinfection room before entering. Non-production personnel are not allowed to enter the production area.

3. Dairy farm employees must undergo a health examination once a year. If they suffer from infectious diseases, they should be treated off-site in time and can only return to work after they recover. New employees must hold a health certificate issued by the relevant local department before taking up the job.

4. Dairy farms are not allowed to raise other livestock and poultry. In special circumstances, dogs need to be kept. Management should be strengthened, and epidemic prevention and deworming treatments should be implemented. It is prohibited to bring livestock, poultry and their products into the farm area.

5. Stack cow dung at designated points and spray insecticides regularly to prevent mosquitoes and flies from breeding. Sewage, excrement, dead cattle and products must be treated harmlessly, and equipment and the environment must be cleaned and disinfected.

6. When suspected infectious diseases occur in cows or severe infectious diseases appear in nearby pastures, isolation and blockade and other emergency prevention and control measures should be taken immediately in accordance with regulations.

7. The disinfectants used should be state-approved disinfectants that are not harmful to the safety of people, dairy cows and the environment, and that do not produce harmful accumulation in the body of cattle. Disinfection methods can include spray disinfection, immersion disinfection, ultraviolet disinfection, spray disinfection, hot water disinfection, etc. The scope of disinfection includes the breeding environment, cowsheds, utensils, outside personnel, instruments and personnel in the production process (milking, midwifery, breeding, injection treatment and any contact with cows), etc.

8. In accordance with the requirements of the "Animal Epidemic Prevention Law of the People's Republic of China" and its supporting regulations, and in combination with local actual conditions, vaccinations against compulsory immunization diseases and selected diseases should be carried out. , immunization procedures and immunization methods must be approved by the national veterinary administrative department.

9. Regular testing and purification of animal infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and brucellosis should be carried out in accordance with relevant national regulations and the specific requirements of the local animal husbandry and veterinary authorities.

10. Use veterinary drugs in strict accordance with veterinary drug management regulations, specifications and quality standards, and strictly abide by the drug withdrawal period regulations. It is prohibited to use drugs, veterinary drugs and other chemical substances that are expressly prohibited by the state and have not been approved by the national veterinary administrative department; it is prohibited to use types of veterinary drugs that are prohibited for lactating animals.

11. Establish and save vaccination program records for cows and treatment records and medication records for sick cows. Treatment records should include: the animal number or other identification of the sick cow, the time of onset and symptoms. Medication records should include: generic name of the drug, trade name, manufacturer, product batch number, active ingredients, content specifications, dosage, course of treatment, treatment time, signature of the user, etc. Medications for the prevention and treatment of dairy cow diseases must be prescribed by a veterinarian and kept for future reference.

Three feed use control measures and systems

1. Selection of feed production areas: starting from the planting base and purchase of raw materials, purchasing feed grown in places with good ecological conditions and far away from pollution sources raw materials, and sign purchase contracts with the farmers who grow the raw materials, and conduct annual inspections on the planting range, area, pesticide effects, fertilizer use, etc. to ensure that each planting base is planted according to pollution-free planting regulations.

2. The feed raw materials should have a certain degree of freshness, and the sensory requirements should have the color, smell, taste and tissue morphology characteristics of the variety, and should be free of mold, deterioration, odor and smell. The allowable amounts of harmful substances and microorganisms in raw materials meet the requirements of feed hygiene standards.

3. Use of feed additives: The requirements should be consistent in color, and the products used should be the varieties specified in the "Catalogue of Allowed Feed Additive Varieties", or new feed additives that have obtained a trial production product approval number Variety, and when using it, follow the usage and dosage specified in the product instructions.

4. No drugs should be used in compound feed, concentrated feed and additive feed;

5. Breed in groups and select the best feed according to the different physiological characteristics of cows at each stage Formula for scientific feeding.

IV Environmental Protection Measures and Systems

1. New cattle farms must undergo environmental assessment to ensure that the dairy farm will not pollute the surrounding environment after completion, and the surrounding environment will not pollute the dairy farm environment.

2. New cattle farms must simultaneously build corresponding manure and sewage treatment facilities.

3. The principles of reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization should be followed in cattle farm waste disposal.

4. The cow dung is accumulated and fermented or a biogas pool is established.

5. Cattle farms should regularly monitor environmental parameters such as air, water quality, and soil, and take timely improvement measures.

Five veterinary drug use control measures and systems

1. Strengthen the feeding and management of dairy cows, take various measures to reduce stress, enhance the immunity of cows themselves, and prevent cows from getting sick and dying, maximizing Minimize the use of chemicals and antibiotics.

2. If it is really necessary to use therapeutic drugs, the appropriate medication should be prescribed after laboratory diagnosis and confirmation. The use of veterinary drugs should be prescribed by a veterinarian and carried out under the guidance of a veterinarian.

3. Veterinary drugs used to prevent, treat and diagnose diseases should comply with the "People's Republic of China and the National Veterinary Pharmacopoeia", "The People's Government of the People's Republic of China and the National Veterinary Drug Code", "The People's Government of the People's Republic of China and the National Veterinary Drug Code", "The People's Republic of China and the National Veterinary Pharmacopoeia" *Relevant provisions of "China's Quality Standards for Veterinary Biological Products", "Quality Standards for Veterinary Drugs", "Quality Standards for Imported Veterinary Drugs" and "Specifications for the Use of Feed Drug Additives".

4. The veterinary drugs used should come from manufacturers with a "Veterinary Drug Production License" and product approval numbers or suppliers with an "Import of Veterinary Drugs License". The labels of the veterinary drugs used should comply with the provisions of the "Measures for the Administration of Veterinary Drug Labels and Instructions".

5. When using antibacterial drugs, antiparasitic drugs and reproductive hormone drugs that are allowed to be used, attention should be paid to: strictly abide by the prescribed route of administration, dosage, course of treatment and precautions; strictly abide by the prescribed rest period. Medication period.

6. Use disinfectant preservatives such as peracetic acid A and B liquids and powerful disinfectant to disinfect the breeding environment, pens and equipment, but do not use phenolic disinfectants.

7. It is prohibited to use veterinary drugs that have teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic effects

8. Establish medical records for dairy cows, and keep records of the dairy cow’s immunization program, the animal number and disease onset of the sick cow Time and symptoms, treatment process, treatment time, course of treatment, brand name of the drugs used and active ingredients.

Environmental requirements and hygiene control system for milking parlors

(1) Milking facilities

1. Milking parlors should be made of insulating materials or masonry Walls and tiles must be smooth and easy to clean and disinfect; the floor must be non-slip and easy to clean.

2. Circulated water cannot be used for flushing the floor of the milking parlor. Clean water must be used and a certain pressure must be maintained. The milking parlor must be cleaned and disinfected at all times.

3. The milk storage room can only be used for cooling and storing fresh milk, and no chemicals or debris are allowed to be stacked. Smoking is prohibited, and "No Smoking" warnings are posted; there are measures to prevent insects. Such as installing screens, using fly spray, fly paper and electronic mosquito killers; the door of the milk storage room should be kept closed frequently.

4. The outside of the milk storage tank should be kept clean and free of dust; the lid of the milk storage tank should be kept closed; no substances should be added to the tank; the milk storage tank should be cleaned in time after delivery of milk And drain the water in the tank.

(2) Milking operation

1. Before milking, a health check of the cows should be carried out, and the appearance of the udder should be observed or touched to see if there are red, swollen, hot, painful symptoms or trauma.

2. Pre-medicate the nipples with a special nipple medicated bath. The action time of the medication should be maintained at 20-30 seconds. If the breasts are particularly contaminated, you can first clean them with warm water containing disinfectant, and then take a medicated bath on the nipples.

3. Dry the nipples with towels or paper towels before milking, ensuring one towel for each cow.

4. Squeeze the first 2-3 milk into a special container and check whether there are clots, flocs or water samples in the milk. Normal cows can be milked on the machine; any abnormality should be reported in time The veterinarian performs treatment and expresses the cow individually. It is strictly forbidden to mix abnormal milk with normal milk.

5. After the above work is completed, put on the milking cup set in time. The time from entering the milking parlor to putting on the milk cup should be controlled within 90 seconds to ensure the maximum milk flow speed and milk production, and try to avoid air entering the cup set. During the milking process, observe the vacuum stability and milk flow of the milking cup group, and adjust the position of the milking cup group appropriately. When milk ejection is almost complete, turn off the vacuum first and then remove the milking cup set. It is strictly forbidden to press down on the milking machine to avoid over-milking.

6. After milking, take a medicated nipple bath quickly and stay for 3-5 seconds.

7. Medicinal bath solution should be prepared before milking to ensure effective concentration of the solution. The medicated bath cup must be cleaned after each use. Colostrum within 7 days after calving from dairy cows must be fed to newborn calves or stored separately and cannot be mixed with commercial milk. Cows treated with antibiotics need only be milked individually and the milk should be placed in separate containers for disposal.

(3) Requirements for milkers

1. Must undergo regular physical examinations and obtain a health certificate issued by a medical institution at or above the county level.

2. Ensure personal hygiene, wash hands frequently, cut nails frequently, and do not apply cosmetics or wear accessories.

3. Knife wounds and other open wounds on the hands cannot be expressed before they are healed.

4. Wear work clothes, work shoes, and a work cap during milking operations.

(4) Cooling, storage and transportation of raw milk

1. The containers used to store fresh milk must comply with the requirements of bulk milk refrigerated tanks (GB/T10942-2001). Freshly squeezed milk should be put into the milk storage tank promptly and should be cooled to below 4°C within 2 hours for storage. The storage time should not exceed 48 hours.

2. The whole process of fresh milk being squeezed out from the milking equipment, then passing through the pipeline to the refrigerated container, and then being loaded into the transport milk tank must be completely closed. Except for inspection by inspection personnel, no other No contact with personnel is allowed.

3. Milk tanks for transport must have thermal insulation, anti-corrosion, easy cleaning and other properties, and meet the requirements for ensuring the quality and safety of raw milk.

4. Personnel engaged in the transportation of raw milk must undergo regular physical examinations and obtain physical health certificates from medical institutions at or above the county level. Fresh milk transport vehicles must obtain a fresh milk transportation certificate issued by the Xingqing District Agriculture, Forestry and Animal Husbandry Bureau, and must have insulated or refrigerated milk tanks. During transportation, try to keep the milk tank full of fresh milk to avoid oscillation of fresh milk during transportation and oxidation reaction when it comes into contact with air. It is strictly prohibited to add any substances to milk cans during transportation. Keep transport vehicles clean and hygienic.

(5) Cleaning of milking equipment and storage and transportation equipment

1. Select equipment approved by the state, which will not harm the safety of people, dairy cows and the environment, and will not pollute fresh milk. of cleaning agents.

2. Milking and storage and transportation equipment should be rinsed with clean water before each milking.

3. After milking, the milking equipment should be pre-rinsed with clean warm water (35℃-40℃) in time until the flushing water becomes clear.

4. Immediately after pre-rinsing, use an alkali washing solution with a pH value of 11.5 (the concentration of the alkali washing solution should take into account the pH value and hardness of the water) for 10-15 minutes. The alkali washing temperature starts at around 70℃-80℃ and circulates until the water temperature is not lower than 41℃. After alkali cleaning, pickling can be continued. The pH value of the pickling solution is 3.5 (the concentration of the pickling solution should consider the pH value and hardness of the water), and the cleaning cycle is carried out for 10-15 minutes. The pickling temperature should be the same as the alkali cleaning temperature. After the alkaline-acid cycle cleaning is completed, rinse with warm water for 5 minutes. There should be no residual water left in the pipe after cleaning.

5. Milk trucks and milk tanks must be cleaned and disinfected after each use. The procedure is: first clean with warm water of 35℃-40℃, then cycle with hot alkaline water (temperature 50℃) for cleaning and disinfection, and finally rinse with clean water. Breast pumps, milk tubes, and valves should be cleaned with clean water every time they are used, and rinsed and cleaned twice a week.

6. Milking equipment must be maintained regularly. In addition to daily maintenance, it should be fully maintained by professional technical engineers every year. Different types of equipment should undergo special maintenance according to the requirements of the equipment manufacturer.