Information about Chang'e-2

On September 29, 2010, the spokesperson of China's lunar exploration project announced that the Chang'e-2 satellite and rocket have completed testing and inspection at the launch site area. The test results are normal and fully meet the technical conditions for launch. . It will be ignited and launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center at 18:59:57 on October 1, and will take off at 19:00. If the launch cannot be made during the first window due to weather and other reasons, October 2 and 3 will be chosen for launch. At present, Chang'e 2 was ignited at 18:59:57 on October 1, 2010, and was successfully launched at 19:00. At 1534 seconds after flight, the satellite and arrow separated and the satellite entered orbit.

At about 1:00 noon on September 28, 2010, [1] as five sixty-year-old riders from the Guiyang Senior Motorcycle Club walked out as the last batch of visitors, the Xichang Satellite Launch Center The gate was closed until the day after the launch of Chang'e-2. I saw outside the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in the afternoon that there were few people on the spacious forest path in the compound. Occasionally, a few vehicles with military license plates would come in and out. A police car from the Zeyuanxiang Police Station stationed there was patrolling the area continuously. The entrance to a village road next to the gate of the launch center was guarded by soldiers yesterday. A local fellow drove a van with a pass and tried to drive in. However, it was found that there were many people with foreign ID cards on board. People were stopped. At the fruit stall outside the launch center, several young people wearing sky blue overalls were found. The four words "First Aerospace Academy" behind them indicate that they are from Beijing and are staff members of the rocket test team. The access tags they wear not only have their recent photos and their names written on them, but also Pass number. On the railway line about 5 kilometers away from the launch center, a line patrol car with the words "Chengdu Railway Bureau Xichang Works Section" written on it is undergoing maintenance on the dedicated line. A fellow villager who lives next to the railway said that a "tank truck" transporting rocket fuel is expected to arrive soon. According to reports, in terms of launch time, relevant parties are currently preparing for the time of 7 pm on October 1. Without special circumstances, Chang'e 2 will start its journey to the moon at 7 pm on National Day.

Carry instruments

1. CCD stereo camera 2. X-ray spectrometer 3. γ-ray spectrometer 4. Laser altimeter 5. Solar high-energy particle detector 6. Microwave detector 7 , Solar Wind Ion Detector

Main Mission

The main mission of "Chang'e-2" is to obtain clearer and more detailed lunar surface image data and lunar polar surface data. Because Chang'e-2

The CCD camera mounted on this satellite will have higher resolution, and other detection equipment will also be improved. Conduct some key technology tests for the "Chang'e-3" soft landing on the moon, and conduct high-precision imaging of the Chang'e-3 landing area.

Running time

Sun Huixian, deputy chief designer of the lunar exploration project, revealed to the media: "Actually, Chang'e-2 is the backup satellite for Chang'e-1." Sun Huixian revealed that the launch of Chang'e-1 In order to ensure the success of orbiting the moon, two satellites were prepared. "If Chang'e-1 fails to achieve its original goal, this backup satellite may be launched. The mission of Chang'e-1 is successfully completed, and this satellite will become the leading star for the second phase of my country's lunar exploration project." Sun Huixian revealed, As the lead star of Chang'e-3, the mission of Chang'e-2 will last for half a year. [3]

Edit this paragraph’s launch target

Further detect the distribution of elements on the lunar surface, the thickness of the lunar soil, the cislunar space environment, etc.

Ten major missions

(Test mission) 1. Cooperate with the launch vehicle to verify the Earth-moon transfer orbit direct launch technology; 2. Verify the lunar orbit that is 100 kilometers away from the lunar surface for near-lunar braking. Capture technology; 3. Verify 100 km × 15 km orbital maneuvering and flight technology; 4. Conduct high-resolution imaging tests on alternative landing areas for the second phase of the project; 5. Equip a light and miniaturized X-band deep space transponder to cooperate with our country’s The newly built X-band ground measurement and control station tests X-band measurement and control technology; 6. Tests telemetry channel low-density parity check code (LDPC) coding technology, lunar-ground high-speed data transmission technology and landing camera technology; (Detection mission) 7. Get updates High-precision three-dimensional images of the lunar surface, with the resolution increased from 120 meters of the Chang'e-1 satellite to better than 10 meters; 8. Detection of lunar material composition; 9. Detection of lunar soil characteristics; 10. Detection of the Earth-moon and near-lunar space environment.

Eight major technologies

The upcoming Chang'e-2 will open up a new "direct flight route" between the Earth and the moon, that is, it will be launched directly to the Earth-moon-to-Chang'e-2 satellite

Moving the orbit will shorten the Earth-moon flight time of Chang'e-2 to less than 5 days. As the whole country pays attention to the launch of the Chang'e-2 satellite, Academician Ouyang Ziyuan, senior consultant of my country's lunar exploration project and chief scientist of the Chang'e-1 satellite lunar exploration project, was invited to publish an article in the latest "Spacecraft Engineering" journal, revealing that Chang'e 2 There are eight major technical improvements. “Inheriting the past and building on the future, and continuing to develop”, this is Academician Ouyang’s summary of the mission of Chang’e-2. He said that as the leading star of the second phase of the lunar exploration project, Chang'e-2's main project tasks are to test and verify some key technologies and new equipment related to soft landing on the lunar surface, test new lunar orbits, and reduce the cost of lunar exploration projects. The technical risks of the second phase; its first scientific task is to conduct a detailed survey of the lunar landing area and accurately map the topography of the landing area. Generally speaking, Chang'e-2 performs a "fine exploration" mission on the moon, so that Chang'e-3 can safely and softly land on the lunar surface in the future. Its performance will lay the scientific and technological foundation for the successful implementation of the second phase of lunar exploration. Base. Compared with Chang'e 1, Chang'e 2 has made many improvements and enhancements. Academician Ouyang summarized them into eight aspects: First, the orbit design of Chang'e 2 and Chang'e 1 is different. The Chang'e 2 launched this time will be new. Establishing a "direct flight route" between the Earth and the Moon, that is, launching directly into the Earth-Moon transfer orbit, will greatly shorten the Earth-moon flight time of Chang'e-2; Secondly, the Chang'e-2 satellite will be about 100 kilometers away from the lunar surface. It orbits the moon in a high-altitude polar orbit, which is lower than Chang'e-1's orbit of 200 kilometers from the lunar surface, which is conducive to precise surveying and mapping of key areas; Third, Chang'e-2's direct flight to the moon has great impact on the launch vehicle's performance. The accuracy and speed of entering orbit have put forward higher requirements. The mission of Chang'e-2 to carry out this mission

The Long March-3C rocket has increased the number of rockets compared with the Long March-3A rocket that previously escorted Chang'e-1 to space. Two boosters; Fourth, in order to obtain fine terrain data of the landing area, the distance between the "laser footprints" left by the Chang'e-2 laser altimeter on the lunar surface is smaller, and the laser ranging accuracy can also reach 5 meters, thus Obtain high-density elevation measurement data for several key areas on the moon; Fifth, the spatial resolution of the CCD stereo camera carried by Chang'e-2 has been increased from about 120 meters during the Chang'e-1 period to less than 10 meters, and other detection equipment will also Improved, the detected data about the moon will be more detailed; Sixth, the main scientific goal of Chang'e-2 is to conduct precise mapping and three-dimensional imaging of the lunar landing area and other key areas, and to accurately detect the elemental composition and composition of the lunar surface. Distribution, electromagnetic properties, particle size and latitude of the lunar soil, thickness of the lunar soil layer, environment in near-lunar space, etc. The higher spatial resolution detection data that Chang'e 2 will obtain can be cross-checked with the detection data of Chang'e 1; Seventh, Chang'e 2 will practice the 15 kilometers × 100 kilometers before the soft landing of Chang'e 3. Elliptical orbit, this is the first time that a lunar exploration satellite has come so close to the lunar surface; Eighth, according to the requirements of the second phase of the lunar exploration project, X-band measurement and control has been added, so that my country's deep space measurement and control communication capabilities will be expanded to the "Earth - Mars" distance.

[4]

Edit the development process of this paragraph

On November 6, CCTV's "News 30 Minutes" reported: my country's independently developed Chang'e-2 satellite has entered the prototype development stage. The Long March 3C rocket that will be fixed on the launch tower will be launched into space in 2010. The Chang'e Phase II project has also been officially approved and plans to launch my country's lunar lander and lunar rover around 2012. Chang'e-2, like the Chang'e-1 satellite, mainly carries out exploration flights around the moon, so the weight of the satellites is about 2 tons. Due to the different content and purpose of the two satellites' detection, the developers made adjustments to the payload used for the scientific detection test. According to the "three-step" strategy of China's lunar exploration project, after the Chang'e-2 satellite is launched, a lunar lander and lunar surface rover will be launched to explore the lunar surface. Everyone has seen this one-to-one model of the lunar lander. This is a model of the lunar rover. Here it can simulate the entire process of the lunar lander releasing the lunar rover. Experts told reporters that the lunar lander can conduct lunar soil analysis on the lunar surface, and the lunar rover can patrol and detect within a diameter of 5 kilometers from the lander. The main breakthroughs include lunar soft landing technology, lunar patrol technology, and unmanned autonomous navigation technology for lunar patrol. Our country's lunar exploration project will be completed in three phases, and we must break through the three key technologies of "circling", "landing" and "returning". [1] Display diagram of China’s lunar exploration project

[5][1]

Edit relevant data in this paragraph

——The weight of Chang’e-2 satellite is 2480 Kilogram; ——The Long March 3C carrier rocket that launched Chang’e 2 has a total length of 54.84 meters, a take-off mass of 345 tons, and a carrying capacity of 3.8 tons. The launch of Chang’e 2 will be the 131st flight of the Long March series of rockets; ——The rocket handle Chang'e-2 was sent into a direct lunar orbit with an apogee altitude of nearly 380,000 kilometers, while the apogee altitude of Chang'e-1's orbit entry point was only about 5,100 kilometers; - Due to the different orbit design, Chang'e-2 took about 5 days to complete the mission. It can reach the moon, greatly shortening the nearly 14 days of Chang'e-1's flight to the moon; - The satellite orbits the moon at an altitude of 100 kilometers, which is 100 kilometers closer to the moon than Chang'e-1; - The newly developed camera on the satellite , which can increase the resolution of images taken on the moon from 120 meters of Chang'e-1 to about 10 meters; ——The design life of Chang'e-2 is half a year, the design life of Chang'e-1 is one year, and the actual life is 494 days. Among them, it orbits the moon for 482 days; ——The rocket system and satellite system have more than 80,000 components, and more than 200 kinds of pyrotechnics are ignited and detonated in the air.

Edit this section of the "Moon Flight" schedule

October 1, 2010 at 11:00: The launch process was officially entered. At 11:00 today, the launch process was officially entered, which is an irreversible process. . At the same time, the last meteorological "conference" was held to make an executable meteorological report. 13:30: Filling the rocket with liquid hydrogen. The weather report is out. If the launch can be scheduled, then 5.5 hours before the rocket launch (that is, about 13:30 on October 1), low-temperature filling of liquid hydrogen into the rocket will begin. In order to ensure the power of the rocket, the filling work must be maintained until the last two minutes before launch. Chang'e-2 in the launch tower

17:00: Entering the pre-launch system At around 17:00, the mission actually entered the pre-launch system. At this time, the ground began to power up the system, and at the same time, various passwords began to be continuously communicated and issued. This section indicates that the Rockets have entered the most tense stage. 18:20: The tower platform is deployed. With a countdown of 40 minutes (18:20), the No. 2 tower revolving platform is deployed step by step from top to bottom. 18:45: Personnel began to evacuate. With a 15-minute countdown (18:45), personnel began to evacuate. The last batch of service personnel left the No. 2 launch tower and evacuated to a cave bunker near the tower. 18:58:27: The system is powered by the internal battery. The countdown is 90 seconds (18:58:27) and the power transfer begins. That is, to switch from ground power supply to system internal battery power supply, unplug the cable connected to the system. 18:58:57: Prepare for ignition and launch. Countdown for 60 seconds (18:58:57), prepare for ignition and launch.

18:59:17: Commander reports countdown. Countdown is 40 seconds (18:59:17). Commander No. 01 reports countdown. 18:59:47: Countdown to ignition. The countdown to ignition is 10 seconds (18:59:47), and Commander No. 01 starts counting down. 18:59:57: Ignition. Countdown to 0 seconds (18:59:57) for ignition. 19:00: Chang'e took off. Three seconds later (19:00), the rocket lifted "Chang'e 2" and exploded. 19:25:53: The satellite and rocket separated (1553 seconds after the rocket took off). The rocket and the satellite were successfully separated. 19:57:36: The launch was announced. The command center announced that the Chang'e-2 launch was successful

Edit Preparation before the flight

On September 9, 2010, the State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense revealed that the second phase of my country's lunar exploration project, the "Chang'e-2" mission, is progressing smoothly, including the Chang'e-2 satellite, Long March 3 The preparations for the five major systems, including the No. C carrier rocket, are basically ready, and pre-launch test preparations are being made. It is planned to carry out flight test missions before the end of this year.

Synthesis drill

On September 25, 2010, the "Chang'e-2" lunar exploration satellite completed the third synthesis drill before launch, which means that the launch of Chang'e-2 has been completed. The Long March 3C rocket carrying the Chang'e-2 satellite has entered a countdown. On October 1, Chang'e 2 is expected to begin its journey to the moon. Yesterday, reporters were allowed to enter the Xichang Satellite Launch Center and had "zero-distance" contact with Chang'e-2. Currently, relevant experts are making final preparations for the launch. Xichang Satellite Launch Center is about 60 kilometers away from Xichang city. The reporter drove for nearly an hour and went through multiple checkpoints before arriving at the launch platform, the core site of the launch. "Yesterday afternoon, the launch base conducted the third synthesis drill before the lunar exploration of Chang'e-2. All pre-launch inspections and debugging have been completed. Now we are waiting to refuel the rocket." A worker at the scene Personnel told reporters that the countdown to Chang'e-2's flight to the moon has begun, and it is expected to be launched this week if weather permits. The Chang'e-2 satellite rocket, which has been tested three times, has been transferred to the No. 2 fixed platform and entered a standby state. "Once the launch is decided, the Chang'e-2 satellite rocket will be quickly transferred from the platform to the tower for ignition and launch." The staff said that in order to allow more people to appreciate the perfect lift-off of Chang'e-2 at the scene, Relevant departments have set up an on-site observation point 3 kilometers away from the launch platform, "which can accommodate more than 1,000 people to watch." According to reports, the flight procedure of "Chang'e 2" is similar to that of "Chang'e 1". The key is its The working orbit is 200 kilometers. This time it is planned to lower it to 100 kilometers, which can see the moon more clearly, and its flight time to the moon will be shorter than that of "Chang'e 1". It is estimated that it will reach the lunar orbit in less than 5 days. .

Fueling