Four prevention slogans in summer

Part 1: Knowledge on the Four Preventions in Summer

Knowledge on the “Four Preventions” in Summer

Summer is a season prone to natural disasters such as high temperatures, lightning, heavy rains, and strong winds. In the season when accidents occur frequently in the chemical industry, the summer "four prevention" work with "lightning protection, flood prevention, heatstroke prevention, and explosion prevention" as the main content is the focus of safety production work every summer.

1. Measures to prevent lightning and electrical accidents

Summer is the season of thunderstorms, and chemical companies are prone to damage to electromechanical, power, instrumentation, communications, metering, electrical control and other systems due to lightning strikes. Damage, resulting in equipment failure, tripping, shutdown, misstarting and other accidents. Summer is also the season when electrical accidents occur frequently. Chemical enterprises should focus on the following work in terms of lightning protection, moisture protection and electrical accident prevention:

(1) Before the arrival of the thunderstorm season every year, conduct a comprehensive and detailed inspection of the lightning protection grounding conditions of all equipment, electrical appliances, instruments, etc., and comprehensively test the impact grounding resistance value of the primary lightning protection grounding to ensure that the resistance value is within the specified range. If there is any problem, Make corrections in a timely manner to ensure there are no omissions.

(2) Add lightning protectors to key instrument circuits, and prepare the walls and roof of the instrument room in the main control room for rain protection.

(3) In terms of electrical aspects, conduct temperature detection on transformers, cables, cable joints, motors (including fuselage, bearings), contact points of electrical components, etc. to prevent over-temperature; transform power distribution rooms, switches Stations, junction boxes, bearings, etc. must be rain-proof and waterproof, and inspections after rain must be carried out. Measures must be taken to prevent small animals from entering the substation, basement, switch station, etc.

(4) The safety valve, emptying port and other parts of the storage tank are the focus of lightning protection of the storage tank. They are all susceptible to lightning strikes and fires. Daily inspections must be combined with regular inspections to rectify the problems in a timely manner. question.

(5) Frequently check lightning protection facilities such as ground wires and jumper wires to ensure that they are not loose or severely corroded; lightning protection ground wires and jumper wires must be restored immediately after disassembly and maintenance of pipelines and equipment. , make sure it works properly.

(6) Check whether there are leaks in pipeline connections to prevent leaked natural gas from catching fire due to lightning strikes.

(7) Thunderstorms can easily cause electrical accidents, causing power outages or power outages in devices. All units must continuously improve their emergency plans and conduct drills to ensure that they can handle power outages correctly and minimize the impact. lowest.

(8) When encountering thunderstorms, self-protection measures must be taken to prevent the human body from being struck by lightning.

(9) In summer, when the weather is hot, humid, and rainy, the insulation performance of electrical circuits and facilities is reduced, and leakage is prone to occur. Non-staff members should stay away from live facilities, and disconnect the power supply first when moving electrical equipment.

2. Flood and wind prevention measures

Summer temperatures rise, rainy and windy weather increases, snow in mountainous areas melts, and floods are prone to occur. Smooth drainage facilities are the only way to prevent floods. In this way, chemical enterprises must ensure that there is no accumulation of water during light rains, that heavy rains can be drained away, and that there are plans for extremely severe floods. When encountering extremely severe floods, they can arrange production or emergency shutdown in an orderly manner according to the plan. During the rainy season, the following work should be done:

(1) Regularly check the sewer system, rainwater drainage system, flood discharge and drainage facilities, culverts, drainage outlets, etc. in each installation area, and clean up any obstructions. The trench bottoming standard must be met, and the trench cover must be equipped and covered, and the guardrail must be intact and solid.

(2) Underground and semi-underground facilities, key production parts, key equipment, water supply, power supply projects and various material storage doors and windows must be heightened or reinforced.

(3) Take measures to prevent rainwater from entering the sewage treatment system, promptly deal with water accumulation in low-lying areas in the factory and installation areas, ensure that fire water pumps are intact, and avoid environmental pollution accidents.

(4) Inspect factory buildings, shelters, and walls to prevent strong winds and landslides.

(5) During the flood season or when floods occur, attention should be paid to the rainproof, waterproof and moisture-proof production equipment.

(6) Equip with necessary emergency tools and items such as shovels, woven bags, drainage pumps, flood control sand, and communication equipment. Management must be strengthened, responsibilities assigned to individuals, and emergency and disaster relief material reserves and emergency alarm systems Management should conduct regular inspections and promptly replenish necessary disaster relief materials as needed.

(7) Carefully organize flood prevention, wind prevention and disaster relief drills, and do a good job in publicity and education to make every employee clear about the importance of flood prevention, wind prevention and disaster relief, and their responsibilities and obligations in flood prevention, wind prevention and disaster relief.

(8) According to the weather forecast or warning issued by the meteorological station, prepare for flood prevention in advance, personnel and materials must be in place, and if necessary, activate an emergency plan according to the situation.

3. Heat stroke prevention and cooling measures

The weather in summer is sunny and hot, and the intensity of solar radiation and ultraviolet rays reach the highest level, which has a greater impact on human health and is prone to heatstroke and chronic heat-related diseases. disease. In order to protect the health of employees, the following work needs to be done:

(1) The main control room and power distribution room should turn on the air conditioner as much as possible and keep the indoor temperature at 25 to 27°C.

(2) Arrange time reasonably. Outdoor workers should try to avoid working during high-temperature hours, properly wear protective work clothes, avoid working for long periods of time in high-temperature environments, drink more boiled water containing salt, pay attention to rest, and be prepared. Good heatstroke prevention and cooling medicine.

(3) Due to the influence of hot weather in summer, people are prone to fatigue. Enterprises must properly arrange rest times and resting places for employees during high temperatures, improve working conditions, reduce labor intensity, and strictly control overtime work.

(4) Provide necessary nutrients and heat-resistant health drinks and other health care measures to improve workers’ physical fitness, control and eliminate heat stroke, and reduce the long-term effects of high temperature on health. People with poor physical fitness and who are not adaptable to high-temperature operations can appropriately rotate the gas during off-peak hours.

(5) If patients with symptoms of heat stroke are found, they should immediately go to a cool place to rest and receive first aid treatment and necessary treatment.

(6) Strengthen the inspection and management of wearing labor protection supplies. It is strictly forbidden to wear spikes, slippers, vests, shorts (skirts), and chemical fiber clothing to work.

4. Measures to prevent over-temperature, over-pressure, and explosion

Long sunshine hours and high temperatures in summer promote the accelerated decomposition, gasification, heating, and expansion of flammable and explosive items. It is easy to cause equipment overtemperature and overpressure, and in severe cases, an explosion accident may occur. In order to prevent overtemperature and overpressure, the following matters need to be paid attention to:

(1) Safety facilities of boilers, pressure vessels and other equipment, such as safety valves, pressure gauges, breathing valves, pressure reducing valves, liquid level gauges, Thermometers, quick shut-off valves, water curtains, sprinkler facilities, etc. must be kept intact and 100% operational.

(2) The storage capacity of atmospheric storage tanks should be strictly controlled within the safety critical range, and overfilling is strictly prohibited. Non-open barrels and cans containing hazardous chemicals must not be filled to the brim, and a gap of 10% to 15% must be left to prevent the container from exploding due to thermal expansion of the flammable liquid contained.

(3) The pressure vessel operates smoothly. When starting to load, the speed should not be too fast to prevent a sudden rise in pressure. Heating or cooling should be carried out slowly to avoid large fluctuations in pressure and causing accidents; all operations should be stopped. The equipment pipelines must be pressure relieved and purged.

(4) Implement measures such as rotating work or suspending operations for equipment prone to over-temperature and over-pressure, such as compressors and electrical equipment.

(5) The integrity of the venting and pressure relief system should be kept track of at all times to ensure that it is intact and smooth. We should focus on monitoring and inspection of areas where leakage points may exist. We should also focus on controlling high-altitude venting points and possible high-altitude leakage points. Prevent leakage and lightning strikes from igniting fire.

(6) The indoor temperature and ventilation in the main control room, instruments, electrical equipment operating rooms and other places should be controlled under normal conditions.

(7) Strengthen process management, adjust process indicators in a timely manner, strictly prohibit over-temperature, over-pressure, and over-load production. Operators should be careful and conscientious in their work, and pay attention to the working conditions of heat exchange equipment and the operation of cooling water. We should pay close attention to the situation and abnormal changes in temperature, liquid level and pressure, etc., and intensify inspections to prevent running, emitting, dripping and leaking.

Part 2: Four precautions in summer

The "Four Preventions" work in summer

Thunder and lightning and rainwater increase in summer, and it is also the season when accidents occur frequently in chemical companies. Enterprises must conscientiously do a good job of "preventing rain, preventing floods, preventing lightning strikes, and preventing heatstroke and cooling" as a The main content of the summer "four prevention" work is to ensure safe production.

1. Lightning protection

1. Conduct a comprehensive and detailed inspection of the lightning protection and grounding conditions of all electrical instruments and other equipment in advance, and complete the lightning protection and grounding detection work; if there are any problems, rectify them in a timely manner. Make sure there is no omission.

2. Complete the cleaning and anti-corrosion work of high-voltage lines above 6KV (focusing on external lines); various electrical tests and relay protection setting work, and rectify problems immediately if any problems are found.

3. Major hidden dangers in the lightning protection system must be reported immediately level by level, and resolutely prevent lightning accidents from occurring in important positions, tank areas and other places.

2. Flood Prevention

1. Fully understand the adverse factors that rainwater brings to normal production, construction, and maintenance, write various possible events and handling measures into the plan, and Organize learning and drills. On rainy days, promptly remind employees to prevent slipping and falling when walking, going up and down stairs, and working at heights.

2. Inspect all factory buildings, power distribution rooms, control rooms and other buildings as well as the doors and windows of the entire factory in advance. If any problems are found, repair them in time to ensure that the house does not leak and floods do not enter, and that the electrical equipment is well insulated. .

3. In the event of severe weather, employees on the job must be prepared to prevent rain, floods, and lightning strikes, and bring raincoats, flashlights, and safety helmets as backup; they must be mentally prepared to deal with sudden outages. Electricity, parking, jumping, etc. Once the above problems occur, you must not panic. You must calmly handle emergencies according to anti-accident drills and emergency plans, be aware of them, and execute them accurately and quickly.

4. Before the rainy season, conduct a comprehensive cleaning and dredging of all flood control ditches in the entire factory to ensure that the drainage system of the entire factory and the flood drains outside the factory are unobstructed.

5. Prepare flood prevention materials such as sandbags and submersible pumps in advance, and make flood prevention preparations for pump rooms, power distribution rooms, control rooms, factories, etc. in low-lying areas to ensure that safety will not be affected by water intrusion. Production.

6. Inspect all flood control projects and flood control facilities, and speed up the construction and rectification of unfinished and imperfect ones. All special flood control equipment, materials and other materials must be sufficient and intact, and registered. , achieve special database and dedicated personnel management to ensure that it is in good condition.

3. Preventing Collapse

1. After a personal accident caused by a landslide, take two measures at the same time. On the one hand, immediately remove the soil, rescue the injured and pay close attention to the condition of the injured to prevent the second Second injury; on the other hand, temporary support measures should be taken for the upper soil of the injured to prevent rescuers from being injured or aggravating the consequences of the accident due to a secondary collapse. Danger removal and rescue should be carried out under the unified command of experienced people.

2. New construction projects must standardize the preparation of construction plans and formulate targeted safety technical measures, which shall be reviewed and signed by the chief engineer (or technical person in charge) after joint review by all departments of the construction unit. The technical person in charge must have the operator make a written safety technical briefing and specify the person in charge of on-site construction safety

4. Prevent leakage and explosion

1. Effective leak control measures must be taken during the production process For effective management, it is necessary to detect leaks in time, accurately judge and determine the location of leaks, and find out the leak points.

2. For dangerous occasions with flammable, explosive, and toxic media, it is necessary to use instruments and equipment for leak detection, and use special instruments to monitor them online to detect hidden dangers in a timely manner

< p> 3. Carry out (building) renovation and expansion, add protective facilities, safety knowledge training, and reduce the toxicity of drugs to rectify hidden dangers;

4. Enhance employee safety awareness, operate safely, and reduce human-caused leaks factors