Are there any reading themes (famous sayings, methods,) and the origin of Mid-Autumn Festival and ancient poems?

Mid-Autumn Festival has a long history. Like other traditional festivals, it develops slowly. The ancient emperors had a system of offering sacrifices to the sun in spring and the moon in autumn. As early as in Zhou Li, the word "Mid-Autumn Festival" was recorded. Later, aristocratic scholars followed suit. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, they watch and worship the bright and round moon in the sky to express their feelings. This custom spread to the people and formed a traditional activity. Until the Tang Dynasty, people paid more attention to this custom of offering sacrifices to the moon, and the Mid-Autumn Festival became a fixed festival. Emperor Taizong recorded the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15, which was very popular in the Song Dynasty.

Mid-Autumn Festival

(Tang) Lipu

When the mirror rises in the sky, the clouds are silent;

A full round, accompanied by Wan Liyun;

The sly rabbit falls the string, and the demon frog rests in front of him;

Lingcha plans to go hand in hand until the Milky Way is completely clear.

Play with the moon on August 15th.

(Tang) Liu Yuxi

Tonight the sky will wash the world again.

Summer retreats and autumn retreats.

The stars are shining and the breeze is bright.

What can change the human world is Yujing in You Ran.

Prelude to Water Melody

(Song) Su Dongpo

Chen Bing Mid-Autumn Festival, happy drinking. Drunk, writing this article, pregnant.

When did the moon begin to appear? I take my glass from a distance.

I don't know about palaces in the sky. What year is tonight?

I want to go home by wind, but I'm afraid of Qionglou Yuyu.

It's too cold up there! Dance and enjoy the shadow of the moon, which is in the world.

The moon turned into a scarlet pavilion, hanging low on the carved window, shining on the sleepy self.

The moon should not have any resentment against people. Why is it round when people are gone?

People are sad and happy, and they are separated and reunited. The moon will darken or shine, and it will become round or round. Nothing is perfect, even in the past.

I hope people will live for a long time and have a good scenery thousands of miles away.

Festival moon

(Song) Su Shi

The twilight clouds are cold, and the silver-haired people silently turn to the tracts.

If you don't meet a good night in this life, where will you see the bright moon next year?

Taichangyin

(Song) Xin Qiji

A round of autumn shadows turned to golden waves, and the flying mirror was re-ground.

Ask Heng E about wine: What should I do if I am cheated by white hair!

Riding the wind, Wan Li is in the sky,

Overlooking the mountains and rivers Go dancing in Guangxi. Human nature is clearer.

Taiwan Province folk songs:

Reflections on Mid-Autumn Festival Tourism

Look at the geese in a lonely shadow, and miss the mink in a thousand miles; The autumn in my hometown recalls the bright moon, and the night terrors in foreign countries.

My hand hasn't climbed over osmanthus, so it's still a banana; Climbing stairs is a sad tribute, looking at the sea and sky in the west.

Homesickness on a moonlit night

The stars are thin and the moon is cold, and the milky way is quiet;

Where is Wan Li's Shanjia? I have a lot of worries when I come at night.

suffer

In the dead of night, the bright moon hangs high in the center of the sky and there is silence; Sleepy eyes,

As if in a dream; Living everywhere is restless, and my hometown is in my heart;

Suffering is like burning the heart of a king.

Mid-Autumn Festival Poetry —— Poetry of Han and Wei Dynasties

1, ancient poem: bright moon with night light

The bright moon shines that night, promoting the singing of the East Wall.

Yuheng refers to Meng Dong, and the stars are vivid.

Thousands of years of exposure to weeds, the season suddenly changes.

In the woods of Qiu Chan, this mysterious bird died peacefully.

Yesterday, I was a friend of the same family, holding high and shaking six purlins.

If you don't want to join hands, you will abandon me like a relic.

There is a fight between the north and the south, and the morning glory does not bear the yoke.

What's the use of not having a solid name?

2. Ancient Poetry: Bright Moon, He Jiaojiao

Moon how bright, shine on my bed.

Too sad to sleep, wandering around in clothes.

Although the guests are happy, it is better to turn back early.

Who should you sue when you leave home alone?

Back to my room, tears stained my clothes.

Step 3 complain about songs

Newly cracked, fresh and clean as frost and snow.

Cut into acacia fans, round like the bright moon.

In and out of your arms, shaking the breeze.

I am often afraid that the autumn festival will come, and the coolness will take away the heat.

If you give up your donation, your kindness will be lost.

Every day when the cock crows, it is the best time for boys to read. Teenagers only know how to play, but don't know how to study hard. When they are old, they regret why they didn't know how to study hard when they were young. -Yan Zhenqing

If you are persistent in sex, you are determined to win: therefore, those who are persistent in books must work hard, and those who are persistent in art must be good at skills. -those who are down and out, those who have accomplished nothing, all boast of themselves. -Po of Pu Songling

There are as many books as the sea, which are available in department stores. You can't have all the energy, but you can get what spring wants. Therefore, I hope that scholars will ask questions one by one. -Su Shi's Introduction to Dongpo's Collected Works

When reading the text, you must read it brilliantly, cheer up, straighten your bones and muscles, and don't feel sleepy, as if there is a sword behind you. A paragraph should be thorough, with the first stroke ending, and the first stroke ending. Don't press the brochure, cover it and forget it. -Zhu's Complete Works of Zhuzi's Genre

There are three ways to read, namely, heart, eyes and mouth. If your heart is not here, you will not look carefully, your heart will not be single-minded, you will only read aloud. You will never remember it, and it won't last long. Of the three, the heart is the most urgent, the heart is there, and the eye is not there? -Zhu's Law of Training and Learning

Learning is more expensive than learning. ..... It's better to know one thing than ten things. -Dai Zhen's Chronicle of Mr. Yuan.

Learning to read and recite is definitely the most difficult thing. zhen banqiao

China's three famous sayings in modern times

Omnipotent people are omnipotent, omnipotent experts are omnipotent ...-Tao Fen's Collected Works.

Step up study, grasp the center, rather fine than miscellaneous, rather specialized than more. -Selected Works of Zhou Enlai and Zhou Enlai

Reading is also like mining, "panning for gold in the sand". Zhao Shuli

Love books-this is the source of knowledge! Gorky

The more books I read, the closer I get to this world, and the brighter my life becomes.

Meaningful.

Gorky

Books are ships of ideas sailing in the waves of the times, and they are carefully loaded with precious goods.

Passing from generation to generation.

-Bacon

Reading is to wisdom what gymnastics is to the body.

-Edison [British writer]

When we first read a good book, we seemed to find a friend;

When we read this book again, it seems that we have met our old friends again.

-Voltaire

An ideal book is the key to wisdom. -Column? tolstoy

Books are the ladder of human progress. Gorky

Reading a good book is talking to many noble people.

-Goethe

Books are the summary of human knowledge. Books are the nourishment of the whole world.

-Shakespeare

Books are great power. -Lenin

Good books are the most precious wealth. -belinsky

Never satisfied. The more I read, the deeper I feel dissatisfied.

The more I feel that I lack knowledge.

Marx

Books are such a tool to transform the soul. What mankind needs is enlightenment nutrition.

And reading is this kind of nourishment.

Hugo

Like reading, it is equivalent to turning the lonely Guang Chen in life into a moment of great enjoyment.

-Montesquieu

If I read as much as others, I know as little as others.

-Hobbes [British writer]

There are three ways to read: one is to read without understanding, the other is to read and understand, and the other is to read.

And know what is not in the book.

-Koyana Rining [Russian playwright? Poet]

To learn to read, you must read very slowly until the last book worth reading is still.

Should read slowly.

-Fache (French scientist)

1. Value thinking. In the process of learning, we should use our brains. He said: "It is useless to learn without thinking, and it is dangerous to think without learning." ("The Analects of Confucius for Politics")

Ask if you don't understand. Reading is for knowledge. You can't get knowledge without asking. He said: "Sensitive and eager to learn, not ashamed to ask questions ..." (The Analects of Gongye Chang)

[Example] 3. Confucius himself was like this: "When a son enters the ancestral temple, he asks everything. Or:' Who is the son of a man who knows manners? When I entered the ancestral temple, I asked everything,' When I heard it, I said,' This is a ceremony. "("The Analects of Confucius Eight Shu ")

When he finds a problem, he must find a way to solve it, and the solution is nothing more than asking people or reading relevant books. Confucius said, "Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, and knowing is also." ("The Analects of Confucius for Politics")

[Example] 5. Advocate regular consolidation review. "Confucius said:' It is better to learn from the times, isn't it? "(The Analects of Confucius)

[Example] 6. He also said: "Reviewing the past and learning the new, you can be a teacher" ("The Analects of Confucius for Politics")

(French) Second, the "fake" reading method. This is advocated by Xunzi, a student of Confucius.

[Example] The gentleman said; "You can't learn, ..." I've been thinking hard all day, so I might as well learn soon. I try to limp and look forward to it. It's better to be at a high place than to be cold. Climb a trick, the arm does not lengthen, but the person you see is far away; Call with the wind, the sound does not add disease, but the listener is obvious. Those who cheat horses are not good enough, but cause thousands of miles; A man who pretends to be a boat can't swim, but he can't swim. The life of a gentleman is the same, and the goodness lies in personal leave. ("Gouzi Persuades to Learn")

Xunzi regards "fake things" as an important learning method, that is, using all favorable conditions to learn. He believes that there is not much difference in talent between people. As long as we are good at making full use of objective conditions, we can shorten the time of success.

(French) Third, the "fine" reading method. This is the reading method proposed by Wang Chong, that is, the single-minded reading method.

[Example] Bole learns from horses, nothing more than horses. My master in the Song Dynasty learned how to understand cows, but I haven't seen a cow for three years, and all the cows I saw are dead. ("Wang Chong Lun Heng")

(Analysis) Wang Chong's concept of "perfection" is precisely a kind of reading that can only be "perfect" if you read the obsessed realm.

(French) Fourth, the reading method of "no solution". This is the reading method put forward by Tao Yuanming. It is required to grasp the key points, simplify the complex and think independently when reading.

[Analysis] Yang Shen, the top scholar of the Ming Dynasty, said: "Tao Yuanming didn't want to know much about reading because he was not influenced by the complicated textual research in the classics since the Han Dynasty and was able to maintain his own independent opinions." (The Complete Works of Sheng 'an Temple, Volume 48) This explanation is reasonable and appropriate. Tao Yuanming's reading does not require high understanding, that is, he should not be influenced by some trivial, trivial and not necessarily reliable materials in the book, but should read with purpose, discrimination and analysis. Don't swallow your books, don't have a little knowledge, and don't just read the main idea.

(French) 5. Reading method of "raising mystery" This is the reading method advocated by Han Yu. The purpose is to grasp the main points and understand the main idea, so as to directly explore the source and extract the essence.

Analysis: Han Yu believes that after the "hook mystery" and "summary", we must repeat and review the rich and heroic parts of the book, so as to transform the wonderful meaning of the article into the existing meaning.

Han Yu is diligent in reading and pays attention to methods. He summed up his reading methods in two sentences in The Way of Learning. "In order to mention its importance, the chronicler must grasp its mystery." His "grasping the truth" has formed his own effective reading method.

(French) Sixth, the reading method of "counting words every day and reciting them every day". This is Ouyang Xiu's reading method all the time. First, the total number of words to be read is counted, and then it is allocated as the number of pages per day.

[Example] Ouyang Xiu's reading method of "digital reading every day" is this: according to his own needs, he selected ten books, including the Book of Filial Piety, The Analects of Confucius and The Book of Songs, with a total of 455,865 words, and then stipulated to read 300 words every day, which took three and a half years to finish. Reciting the word 150 every day takes only seven years. He said, "Although there are countless books, you can add more work as time goes on. Why not? " This is the theory of experience, which shows the importance of reading and reciting ancient Chinese. Counting the number of words quantitatively every day is an effective reading method proved by Ouyang Xiu's practice.

(French) VII. The reading method of "seeking with one heart" This is advocated by Su Shi.

[Analysis] Su Shi believes: "People's energy can't be eclectic, but each has its own place. So scholars make a request every time. " The biggest feature of this "single-minded" reading method is "seeking one", that is, reading classic works, each time, only around one center and one content, grasping a clue and solving a problem. This kind of reading and learning is like fighting a war, breaking the enemy into parts and attacking them one by one. In order to avoid distraction, reading does not involve anything unrelated to the object of "seeking one" or "main attack". This kind of directional reading is worth learning.

(Law) VIII. "Experience, step by step, thoughtful" reading method. This is advocated by Zhu.

[Example] ① About "experience". Zhu said: "In order to study and study, you must be patient and understand carefully. You can't be careless ... you can only see the meat by peeling it." Go to the meat and see the bones; Boning to see the marrow. He also said, "Reading depends not only on paper, but also on yourself." "Reading a book with your own experience is solid and cordial, but it is best reasonable and suitable for the audience. If you only follow your own advice, you will be anxious and slow down for fear that things will be incomplete. "

② About the order. Zhu Yue said, "If two books are used, the Lun will be followed by Meng, and one book will be followed by another; In the words of a book, the sentences in its chapters are connected end to end, and they are also orderly and not chaotic. " He also said: "Do what you can, make an appointment with its courses, and stick to it. The word asks its training, and the sentence asks its purpose. If you can't get it, you dare not take it. If you can't get it, you won't dare to aim. "

(3) About thinking. Zhu said: "Generally speaking, you must read this book carefully first, so that everything you say comes from my mouth. Secondly, you should think carefully and make it come from your heart. Then you can get it. "("The Complete Works of Zhu Xi: The Essentials of Reading ") also said:" Reading and thinking, thinking and reading, naturally interested. Reading without thinking, I don't know its taste; Thinking without reading, even if you know, is always uneasy. ..... If you read well and think well, you will never forget it. "(ibid.)

(French) Nine, "five categories and four categories" reading method. This is the reading method advocated by Tang Biao.

[Example] Tang Biao divided books into five categories: "There are books to read, books to read, books to read carefully, and books to prepare for." He believes that classified reading is conducive to dealing with the relationship between precision and erudition. This "five-category" reading method is similar to the "four-category" reading method proposed by some ancient scholars. The "four noes" refer to four kinds of books, namely, eye therapy books (read only once), oral therapy books (not only read but also recite), compulsory therapy books (not only recite but also seriously think and study) and hand therapy books (not only read and recite but also write down the main points).

(French) 10. "Five essentials" reading method. This is Pu Songling's reading method to ensure the smooth reading from three aspects: time, calligraphy and law.

(1) Read it every day. Pu Songling ordered a book by himself. After getting up every morning, he marks in the book what books to read and what articles to write during the day. If there is a blank space under the date, he will feel extremely guilty.

(2) read every night. Pu Songling is busy making a living during the day. In the evening, he often studies hard into the night with a book and a lamp. After sleeping, he will read a few pages by candlelight.

Third, old people should study. In his later years, Pu Songling was white, deaf and toothless, but his eyes were good and useful. He could study and make himself happy. There is his poem as proof: "Only one function is responsible, and it is fortunate to open the brain by turning over the book." He wrote in the poem "Sit-in": "I like spreading books all my life, as crazy as before. Japan and China go south, and the sun follows the west window. "

(4) copying books to read. One of the biggest reasons why Pu Songling didn't want to leave after 30 years of teaching in Bi's family was that there were many books for him to copy. He takes pleasure in borrowing books and copying them.

Fifth, we should read in categories. Pu Songling divided books into intensive reading and extensive reading, with different reading methods. Some books just know the general idea; Some have to read it over and over again, keep thinking about it and read it clearly. The requirements of reading comprehension are: self-questioning, self-searching, filtering out dross and taking its essence. As his poem proves, "reading and analyzing doubts is like filtering water to make me as clear as possible."

(French) Xi. "Noble and elegant" reading method. This is a reading method advocated by Dai Zhen in order to acquire professional knowledge.

[Analysis] The essence is that you have to work hard and read the book thoroughly to gain something. If you want to gain practical knowledge and do some learning, you have to specialize in one thing and study it seriously and deeply.

(French) Twelve. Reading method of "seeking doubt from doubt" This is Jiao Xun's reading experience.

[Analysis] Jiao Xun summed up his reading experience in his later years and said: "Learning is expensive and thinking about goodness; The most powerful thing in my life is the word "studious and thoughtful, knowing what it means" Jiao Xun's reading formula is: "Reading-doubt-deep thinking-rereading-reflection-solution".

bacon

Reading can be used for recreation, decoration and talent development. Reading is fun, which is common in solitude and retirement. Reading is the decoration and is mostly used for heart-to-heart. Reading for the purpose of increasing talents mainly lies in judging and handling things.

Spending too much time studying is lazy, spending too much time decorating is melodramatic, and everything is pedantic according to the provisions of books. Reading makes people perfect, but it needs to be supplemented by experience, because natural talents are like natural trees, which need to be pruned by later learning, and the truth in books is often general and irrelevant if it is not limited by experience.

Reading should not only refute the author, but also not easily believe what is said in the book and take it for granted, not to find conversation material. But to weigh the weight and think seriously. Some books can be tasted, some books can be swallowed, and a few books must be chewed and digested. In other words, some books only need to be read in part, some can be skimmed, and a few must be read through. When reading, you should concentrate on it and be diligent. Some books can also be read on behalf of others and abstracted as needed, but this is only limited to works with less important themes and low quality.

Ye Shengtao

As soon as a child enters school, it is called reading. Originally, Putonghua has the goal of training thinking and language, but it is a tool subject, just holding a book to read, not to mention it. The science and social studies classes just read a book. What is this? A cat, a fly, a historic site and a public security bureau are all practical things that can be directly contacted. Why not let children touch it directly, but write these things in a notebook so that they can only touch some words? In this way, words become an obstacle to wisdom. However, quite a few teachers said there, "How can these subjects be taught without books?" Parents who are eager for their children also say, "I go to school just to read these books!" " "They completely forget that words are just a tool, and even admit that reading is the ultimate goal.

Ye Lingfeng

Scholars, with the ambition of "opening books is beneficial", evaluate the value of each word in the book and decide whether to accept it or not. This is shopping, not reading. The nouveau riche and the pot-bellied Jia, in order to decorate the facade, will sit in the book city all night and be enemies of books. A true book lover can't put books down, but it's not for learning. He regards books as friends and reading as the same fun as chatting with friends.

Zhenbanqiao

Zheng Banqiao was a famous writer and painter in Qing Dynasty. He said: "There is nothing to learn where I draw bamboo, and there are more middle ears than paper windows and powder walls."

What he means is that learning must be "sketching" and "learning from the classics". Emphasize that reading focuses on seeking meaning. He also advocated that it is not necessary to be "all-rounder" in reading, but to "learn half and leave half". The so-called "learning seven out of ten should be thrown away, and each spirit and each seedling should be explored separately." To advocate reading, we must grasp the key points, distinguish between primary and secondary, and use them for me.

bright red

Zhu was a master of Neo-Confucianism and a famous educator in the Southern Song Dynasty. He spent most of his life studying and teaching, and put forward many incisive opinions. Shortly after his death, his disciples summed up his reading experience as "Zhu Reading Method"

First, step by step. Zhu said: "The method of reading is not expensive but refined." In other words, there must be a reading order, and after reading one book, read another. As far as reading is concerned, you should read word by word, paragraph by paragraph and in order. If you don't understand what you read first, you can't read what follows. This way, it will not be eaten raw or eaten indiscriminately. Zhu further pointed out that reading should be from easy to difficult, from shallow to deep, from near to far, neither urgent nor slow. "The so-called urgent, the effect is urgent; The so-called can't be slow, work can't be slow. " This is to tell students not to rush for success, nor to slack off, but to make appropriate progress in order to be effective.

Second, be familiar with Jing En. He thinks that some people are not effective in reading because they don't work hard enough on the words "proficiency" and "precision". He also criticized the tendency to read too much, and repeatedly said, "Don't read too much, be good at reading. If you look at one board and half a board today, then focus on the first half. "

Third, swim with an open mind. Zhu once criticized two common problems at that time: first, "subjective and private will", that is, speculating the truth in the book with his own ideas and distorting the original intention of the ancients. The second is the "ancestor theory", that is, the previously accepted views refused to give up, thus refusing to accept new views.

In order to correct these two bad problems, Zhu advocates that reading must be open-minded, thoughtful and carefully understand the author's original intention. Zhu stressed that reading should be patient, that is, chewing repeatedly and deeply understanding the main idea of the article.

Fourth, I have observed. Wei advocates "poor reading, being in the body." What do you mean by "split body"? Is to get information and practice it. From the perspective of reading methods, Zhu stressed that reading must be linked with oneself and practice, and it is desirable to turn the learned theory into action.

Fifth, hold tight and push hard. "Make great efforts" has two meanings: First, seize the time, "I forgot to eat when I was hungry, and I forgot to drink when I was thirsty." Second, be refreshed. We should be resolute, decisive and brave. "If you hold up the water boat, you can't slow down."

Sixth, respect and ambition. The so-called respect and persistence means that reading must be single-minded, attentive, ambitious and tenacious. This is also the most basic spirit of Zhu's reading method.

Zou Taofen

Zou Taofen was a famous journalist, political commentator and publisher in modern times. When reading, always read first. If you like it very much, just mark the topic, then read it for the first time and then read it for the third time. In most relationships, I watch them whenever I have time. In this way, the books he has read have formed a pagoda with the largest foundation and a wide range of browsing, and then the more he goes up, the less books he has, and the more he reads. Zou Taofen vividly summed up this reading method as "Pagoda Reading Method".

Pagoda reading method combines browsing and intensive reading when reading a book, and removes its essence and dross in the process of reading, avoiding general efforts and wasting unnecessary reading time. Combination of learning and thinking. Confucius said, "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous." This sentence summarizes the dialectical relationship between "learning" and "thinking" Only by combining the two closely can we gain insights through comparative analysis, induction and synthesis of thinking activities such as "removing the rough and selecting the fine, removing the false and retaining the true, and from the outside to the inside".

Lu Xun's "Skipping Reading" Method

Mr. Lu Xun said: "If you only look at the place when you are in doubt, and you can't understand it for a long time, then jump over and move on, so that you can understand the place ahead." This method is the further development of Tao Yuanming's reading method of "not asking for a very good solution". Its advantage is that it can save time, improve reading speed and focus on the overall understanding of the original text and the most important content.

Lao She's "Impression" Method

Lao She said, "I seem to only seek a little inspiration when reading. A good impression is a good book, so there is no time for careful analysis. Impressive' is sometimes not the whole book, but the paragraph that interests me the most; Because this passage made me feel good about the whole book; In fact, the beauty of this paragraph is enough to ruin all the beauty, but I don't care; There is a saying that I like for two days and am grateful. "

Hua's "thickness" method

Hua advocates that the first step in reading is "from thin to thick" In other words, reading should be down-to-earth, and every concept and theorem should be thorough and clear. In this way, a thin book becomes "thicker" because of a lot of content, that is, after the step of "from thin to thick", there is a more important step, that is, on the basis of the first step, analyze and summarize, grasp the essence, grasp the whole, and achieve mastery. After such a careful analysis, you will feel that there are not many things to remember. This is a process of "from coarse to fine" to really improve efficiency.

Einstein's three-step reading method of "whole, divided and combined"

The so-called total is to form an overall impression of the book first. On the basis of browsing the preface, postscript, editing and other general things, read the table of contents carefully and get a general understanding of the structure, system, clue content and main points of the book.

The so-called "score" means reading the full text page by page on the basis of overall understanding, rather than word by word. In skimming, we should pay special attention to the key points in the book and the contents closely related to our own needs.

The so-called combination is to sort out and systematize the impressions obtained from reading the whole book, so that the viewpoints and materials can be organically combined. After careful thinking and synthesis, the internal relations of the whole book are clarified in order to achieve the purpose of summing up, deepening and improving.

Jack London's "Hungry Wolf" Reading Method

Jack London, an American writer, has been tempered by hardships and cherished reading opportunities. When he came across a book, he didn't use a sleigh to pry open its lock secretly, and then stole some contents. Instead, he is like a hungry wolf, putting his teeth into the throat of the book, sucking its blood violently, swallowing its meat and biting its bones! Until all the fibers and muscles in that book became a part of him.

Mao Mu's "Interesting" Reading Method

Mao Mu, an English writer, put forward the idea of "reading for fun", saying, "I don't recommend that you read another book before reading one. Personally, it is more reasonable to read five or six books at the same time. Because we can't keep the same mood every day, even in one day, we may not have the same enthusiasm for a book. "

Yang Zhenning's "Infiltration" Reading Method

Professor Yang Zhenning believes that since knowledge permeates and expands each other, the method of mastering knowledge should also be adapted to it. When we concentrate on studying a course or delving into a subject, if we consciously extend the tentacles of wisdom to the adjacent knowledge fields, it will inevitably produce a different artistic conception. As a link in the familiar knowledge chain, unexpected new discoveries are likely to be made. For those books of related majors, if time and energy permit, you might as well read them. It doesn't matter if you don't understand them for a while. Some valuable revelations may come from semi-communication. Infiltration learning will broaden our horizons, activate our thinking and greatly improve learning efficiency.

Yu's "Afraid of Friends" Reading Method

Yu, an essayist, said: "We should pay attention to finding friends who are higher than ourselves and make reading a friendly and enterprising activity that requires a lot of brain power. Try to reduce the reading level that is basically the same as your current level, and be willing to accept the shaping of yourself by good books. There may be different grades of books on our shelves, which are suitable for intensive reading. They should not be books that we can look down and look up, but books that we need to look up. "

Su Shi's reading method

What is Su Shi's personality charm? It lies in his spiritual strength and shocking innovation ability. He has made great achievements in the fields of poetry, poetry, prose, calligraphy and painting. Even in the method of reading, there are places worthy of special books. In Answer to Wang Yaozhi's Letter, I answered my nephew Wang Yao's questions about learning and introduced a reading method he advocated and practiced, which has a far-reaching influence from ancient times to the present.

Su Shi said in his letter: "A teenager is a scholar, and all books count. Books are like the sea, and department stores have everything. You can't have both, but each has his place. So I hope that scholars will make one intention at a time. " This means that young people read books, and every good book should be read several times. A good book is rich in content, just like an ocean of knowledge. When reading, people's consciousness points to one aspect, just like opening a window, which can't let all aspects of knowledge enter the field of vision. Read a book once, and only get information about the aspect that consciousness points to. Therefore, I hope that readers have only one goal every time they read.

I named this reading mode "mode reading", which is directional, concrete and repetitive. Because it is a pattern: the first reading with a goal, the second reading with a goal, the third reading with a goal, and the fourth reading with a goal ... Su Shi read Hanshu like this: the first time he learned "the way to govern the world", the second time he learned "the method of using troops", and the third time he learned characters and official system. After several times, he became familiar with many aspects of Hanshu.

Sue's reading method

Su, a famous mathematician, advocates reading more and intensive reading. When he is reading, he usually reads an overview for the first time, and gradually deepens his understanding for the second and third times. This is how he read A Dream of Red Mansions and The Journey to the West's Romance of the Three Kingdoms. He likes Liaozhai best, and I don't know how many times he has watched it repeatedly. At first, I didn't understand some places, and there was nowhere to look. He will continue reading and gradually deepen his understanding. It is the same for Sue to read math books. He always thinks and does exercises while reading. By the time he read it for the last time, all the topics had been written. In his opinion, you don't have to read too much, you must read it well, and you won't know the advantages and disadvantages and mistakes of this book until you read it well.

Tanaka kakuei's Reading Method of "Tearing Books"

Former Japanese Prime Minister tanaka kakuei lost the opportunity of systematic study after finishing high school because of his poor family in his early years. He pays great attention to reading methods in his work-study program. In order to exercise his memory, he recited the Concise English Dictionary and the Wide Linz Japanese Dictionary page by page, tearing off one page at a time and throwing it away after reciting it. This exercised his extraordinary memory.

Qin Mu advocated "cow chewing" and "whale swallowing"

Qin Mu, a famous contemporary writer, reads a lot of books, newspapers and magazines every day and accumulates extensive knowledge. Therefore, the works he wrote are like strung jewels of knowledge, shining with unique brilliance. Talking about reading, Qin Mu advocated eating cows and whales, that is, "chewing cows" and "swallowing whales".

What is "cow chewing"? He said: "The old cow ate grass during the day, and at eleven or twelve in the middle of the night, she moved her mouth and chewed what she swallowed during the day. You should also repeat what needs intensive reading many times, chew it very carefully, and then swallow it. Some books are generally swallowed at first, and then carefully studied section by section. In this way, indigestible things are easy to digest. " This is the intensive reading of "Niu Chew".

Then what is "whale swallowing"? He said that baleen whales are giants among whales and can swim like floating islands. But it feeds on small fish and shrimp in the sea. How do these gadgets fill its huge belly? It turns out that the baleen whale has been swimming with its big mouth open, and the small fish and shrimp flow into its mouth with the sea water. When it closed its mouth, seawater rushed out of its teeth, leaving a lot of small fish and shrimp on the sieve. With such a big bite, a whole ton of small fish and shrimp will enter the whale's stomach bag. People should learn how to eat whales while reading widely. If a person wants to learn something, he can only read intensively, not extensively. If you can't "swallow" tens of thousands of words every day, it will be difficult to enrich your knowledge. If you only rely on exquisite snacks and vitamin tablets to stay healthy, you can't be strong.

"Niu Chew" and "Whale Swallow"