Brief introduction of Chinese political consultative conference

The China People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) is an organization of the patriotic United front of the people of China, an important institution for multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Chinese Production Party, and an important form of promoting socialist democracy in China's political life. China People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) was established by China Producers' Party, democratic parties, Democrats without party affiliation, people's organizations and patriots from all walks of life after a long revolutionary struggle on the eve of the founding of New China.

China People's Political Consultative Conference, also known as the "new CPPCC", is different from the "old CPPCC" held on June 1946 and June 1. 1945 after War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, China's * * * production party and the Kuomintang negotiated in Chongqing and decided to hold a political consultation meeting to form a new government. 1946 65438+1October 10, the political consultative conference was held in Chongqing, and the leaders of China Kuomintang, China * * * production party, China Democratic League, China Youth Party and all walks of life attended the meeting. In June+10 of the same year, the Kuomintang tore up the resolution of the Political Consultative Conference and unilaterally announced the convening of the "National Assembly", thus disintegrating the Political Consultative Conference, that is, the old CPPCC.

1948 On April 30th, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued a slogan to commemorate the May 1st International Labor Day, calling for a new political consultative conference and the establishment of a democratic coalition government. Democratic parties, people's organizations, Democrats without party affiliation and overseas Chinese responded positively and participated in the preparations for the new political consultative conference.

1949 65438+1On October 30th, Beiping declared peaceful liberation. On June 15, the preparatory meeting of the new CPPCC was held in Beiping, and representatives from 23 units attended the meeting. On September 17, the second plenary session of the Preparatory Committee for the new political consultative conference officially decided to name the new political consultative conference "China People's Political Consultative Conference".

1949 On September 2 1 day, the first plenary session of China People's Political Consultative Conference was held in Beiping, announcing the formal establishment of China People's Political Consultative Conference. 662 representatives from 46 units attended the meeting. The meeting adopted the same program of China People's Political Consultative Conference, the Organic Law of China People's Political Consultative Conference and the Organic Law of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China, which laid the foundation for the new China. The meeting also adopted resolutions on the national flag, national anthem, national capital and calendar year, and elected members of the first National Committee of the China People's Political Consultative Conference. At that time, China People's Political Consultative Conference shouldered the heavy responsibility of fulfilling the functions and powers of the National People's Congress, completed the historical mission of establishing a new China, and opened the first page of the history of new China.

In September, the first National People's Congress was held in Beijing. The meeting adopted and promulgated the Constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC). At this point, the first China People's Political Consultative Conference, as the authority of the National People's Congress, went down in history with the successful completion of its historical mission. After the National People's Congress was held, the People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) continued to exist as an organization of the people's democratic United front led by the Producers' Party of China. We continue to play the role of multi-party cooperation and political consultation in the country's political and social life and friendly exchanges with foreign countries, and have made important contributions to promoting the development of socialist revolution and construction.

According to the Constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC), the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation led by the Chinese Production Party will exist and develop for a long time.

China People's Political Consultative Conference is led by China's * * * production party, and is composed of China's * * * production party, eight democratic parties, Democrats without party affiliation, people's organizations, representatives of ethnic minorities and all walks of life, compatriots in Taiwan Province Province, compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao, representatives of returned overseas Chinese and invited guests. It has a broad social foundation.

China People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) conducts political consultations on major national policies and major livelihood issues on the principle of "long-term existence of democratic parties and personages without party affiliation in China, mutual supervision, treating each other with sincerity, sharing weal and woe", and plays a democratic supervisory role through suggestions and criticisms. The main function of CPPCC is political consultation and democratic supervision, and it organizes all parties, groups and people from all ethnic groups to participate in and discuss state affairs. All activities of China People's Political Consultative Conference are based on the Constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC).

The China People's Political Consultative Conference has a national committee and a local committee.

The National Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference is elected for a term of five years. There shall be one chairman, several vice-chairmen and one secretary-general. The plenary session of the National Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference is held once a year. The National Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference has a standing committee to preside over the meeting. The Standing Committee consists of the Chairman, Vice-Chairman, Secretary-General and members of the Standing Committee of the National Committee. The chairman of the National Committee presides over the work of the Standing Committee. The chairman, vice-chairmen and the secretary-general form the chairman's meeting to handle the important daily work of the Standing Committee.

The National Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference has several deputy secretaries-general to assist the secretary-general. Set up an office to work under the leadership of the Secretary-General. Set up several special committees and other working bodies. The 11th National Committee set up nine special committees, including the Proposal Committee, the Economic Committee, the Population, Resources and Environment Committee, the Education, Culture, Health and Sports Committee, the Social and Legal Committee, the Ethnic and Religious Committee, the Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan Overseas Chinese Committee, the Foreign Affairs Committee, and the Literature, History and Learning Committee.

Provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall establish committees of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government of China People's Political Consultative Conference; Autonomous prefectures, cities with districts, counties, autonomous counties, cities without districts and municipal districts may set up local committees of the China People's Political Consultative Conference where conditions permit. The term of office of local committees at all levels is five years. Local committees at all levels shall have chairmen, vice-chairmen and secretaries-general. Local committees of counties, autonomous counties, cities not divided into districts and municipal districts may not have a secretary-general according to specific circumstances. Plenary meetings of local committees at all levels are held at least once a year.

The relationship between the National Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference and local committees, as well as the relationship between local committees and local committees at the next lower level, is a guiding relationship. The emblem of China People's Political Consultative Conference is centered on a five-pointed star shining with red light, with red flags fluttering in the wind on all sides. A red map of China is set against the white earth with a radiant blue sky in the background, surrounded by tile-blue gears and golden wheat ears connected by red ribbons. The whole design is solemn and rich, with profound political significance. The national emblem of CPPCC embodies the spirit of "great unity of all democratic classes led by the proletariat and based on the alliance of workers and peasants"

This emblem was designed by China famous painter and Zhou. The designer's original interpretation of the pattern is: first, the red star represents proletarian leadership; Second, Gear and Jiahe are based on the alliance of workers and peasants; Three, four red flags represent the grand alliance of four classes (namely, the working class, the peasant class, the petty bourgeoisie and the national bourgeoisie); This map shows the new China with a radiant background. In addition, the four Arabic numerals "1949" below the red star indicate the year when the China People's Political Consultative Conference was born; The ribbon bears the words 10 "China People's Political Consultative Conference", which indicates the full name of CPPCC. This design was instructed by Comrade Zhou Enlai to be sent to the Standing Committee of the Preparatory Committee of the new CPPCC, and was formulated and adopted by the Preparatory Committee of the new CPPCC on July 1949. Approved by Mao Zedong, director of the Standing Committee of the Preparatory Committee, it was officially used for the first time at the first plenary session of the China People's Political Consultative Conference held in Huairentang, Zhongnanhai, Beiping on September 26th, 1949. The China People's Political Consultative Conference was founded on the eve of the founding of New China by the Chinese Production Party, democratic parties, Democrats without party affiliation, people's organizations and people from all walks of life. It is a representative organization of China people's patriotic united front.

China People's Political Consultative Conference, also known as the "new CPPCC", is different from the "old CPPCC" held in Chongqing 1946. 1948, China * * * production party called for a new political consultative conference to expand and consolidate the people's democratic United front. June 1949 The preparatory meeting for the new political consultative conference was held in Beiping (now Beijing). Later, Zhou Enlai suggested: Many organizations are labeled as people, so why not use the word "people" in CPPCC? The idea was adopted. Because the people include workers, peasants, urban petty bourgeoisie, national bourgeoisie and other patriots, the nature of people's democracy is distinct. 1949 September 17 The second meeting of the Preparatory Committee decided to rename the abbreviation of "New Political Consultative Conference" as "China People's Political Consultative Conference". The China People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) is composed of representatives of the Chinese production party, democratic parties, Democrats without party affiliation, people's organizations, ethnic minorities and all walks of life, representatives of compatriots and returned overseas Chinese from Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province Province, and special guests.

According to the Constitution of CPPCC, the CPPCC National Committee consists of more than 2,000 members from 34 participating units, including political parties, organizations, political parties and special guests. Among them, the parties are the China Producer Party and the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Nationalist Party (Revolutionary Committee), the China Democratic League (NLD), the China Democratic National Construction Association (DAB), the China Association for the Promotion of Democracy (Democratic Progressive Party), the Agricultural Workers' Democratic Party, the Zhi Gong Dang, the Jiu San Society, the Taiwan Alliance and people without party affiliation. Organizations include All-China Federation of Trade Unions, Communist Youth League, All-China Women's Federation, All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, all-china youth federation, China Association for Science and Technology, All-China Federation of Taiwan Province, All-China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese, friendship organizations with foreign countries and social relief and welfare organizations. There are cultural and artistic circles, scientific and technological circles, social science circles, economic circles, agriculture and forestry circles, education circles, sports circles, press and publication circles, medical and health circles, ethnic minorities, Hong Kong compatriots, Macao compatriots and religious circles; Specially invited guests mainly include representatives from ministries, armies, provinces and cities and other representative figures. The composition of local CPPCC is basically the same as that of China People's Political Consultative Conference, but the scale is smaller and there are fewer participating units, which mainly reflects the characteristics of local communities.

According to the Constitution of CPPCC, China People's Political Consultative Conference is an organization of China people's patriotic United front and an important institution for multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Chinese Production Party. The nature of CPPCC is determined by China's national system, political power and its own purpose.

This nature of CPPCC determines that it has the following characteristics that other organizations do not have: First, it is widely representative in organization and extremely inclusive in politics. Under the principle of "great unity and unity, including all representatives", we should try our best to attract representatives from all parties, groups, nationalities and all walks of life to unite all forces that can be United, mobilize all positive factors, and strive to turn negative factors into positive ones, so as to "seek common ground while reserving differences" on the basis of * *. The second is political party cooperation. The People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) is composed of political parties, and all democratic parties can express their opinions, put forward proposals and carry out various activities of participating in and discussing state affairs in the name of political parties. China People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) under the leadership of the * * * Production Party, in accordance with the principle of "long-term * * existence, mutual supervision, treating each other with all sincerity, sharing weal and woe", performs the functions of political consultation, democratic supervision and participation in and deliberation of state affairs, and actively promotes the unity and cooperation of all parties in China. The third is democratic consultation. The People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) is an important form of promoting socialist democracy in China. It is an important part of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's democratic politics, and it plays an irreplaceable role in organizing all parties, groups and people from all walks of life to discuss state affairs and make comments and criticisms on state organs and their staff. According to the General Outline of the Constitution of China People's Political Consultative Conference, CPPCC promotes the unity and cooperation of all parties and personages without party affiliation who participate in China People's Political Consultative Conference on the principle of long-term existence, mutual supervision, treating each other with sincerity and sharing weal and woe, and fully embodies and gives play to the characteristics and advantages of the socialist party system in China.

The 16-character policy of "long-term survival, mutual supervision, treating each other with sincerity, sharing weal and woe" is the basic policy of China's * * * production party to cooperate with all democratic parties. On the basis of the policy of "long-term existence and mutual supervision" put forward by Mao Zedong 1956, this policy is supplemented and improved according to the fundamental changes of class relations in China and the new situation and tasks in the new period of socialist construction. This policy fully embodies the relationship between the new socialist political parties in China.

CPPCC is an important institution for multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Chinese Production Party, which determines that all the work of CPPCC, especially all the activities to perform its functions, must seriously follow this policy. In September, during the first plenary session of China People's Political Consultative Conference, 44 people including Guo Moruo and Li jointly put forward the first proposal of China People's Political Consultative Conference, entitled "Please send an urgent telegram to the United Nations in the name of the General Assembly to deny the representative of the reactionary Kuomintang government".

The Standing Committee of the Presidium of the General Assembly believes that the Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC), elected by the China People's Political Consultative Conference, is the only government that can represent the people of China, and it should issue a statement denying the representative qualification of all delegates sent by the puppet Kuomintang government to attend the United Nations meetings. After the establishment of the Central People's Government, Foreign Minister Zhou Enlai telephoned the United Nations to declare that the Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC) is the sole legitimate government of the people of China, and denied the so-called "China National Government Delegation" the right to represent the people of China in the United Nations. The implementation of this proposal has had a great political impact at home and abroad.