A brief discussion on the five major matters needing attention in landscaping construction?

1. Preservation of original trees

If the original trees are determined to need to be preserved, measures should be taken to temporarily fence them before civil construction to avoid damage caused by plowing and burning. To prevent mechanical damage to tree trunks and bark, straw bags should be used for protection. Especially for street trees, cushioning is sometimes required due to replacement of sidewalk boards or tree cavity boards. Lime and cement will cause soil alkalization and endanger the normal growth of trees. Therefore, during the construction process, the tree hole should be protected with soil first and made into a mound of a certain height to avoid lime intrusion. If the cushion needs watering and maintenance, the tree cavity should be enclosed in time or the water should be directed elsewhere. It is prohibited to pour water containing lime and cement into the tree cavity.

2. Collection and restoration of topsoil

Soil is the basis for the growth of flowers, plants and trees, and the soil particles in the soil should preferably form an aggregate structure. The size of the pellets suitable for plant growth is 1 mm to 5 mm, with pores smaller than 0.01 mm, and root hairs cannot invade. Under normal circumstances, topsoil has a large amount of nutrients and useful soil aggregate structure. However, when transforming the terrain, the topsoil is often stripped off, which cannot ensure good growing conditions for plants. Therefore, the original topsoil should be preserved and effectively used during planting. During the collection and restoration of topsoil, in order to prevent heavy machinery from entering the site to compact the soil and avoid damage to the aggregate structure, it is best to use a reverse forklift to excavate the topsoil and proceed in one direction. The topsoil is best spread directly on the Do not pile them temporarily at the planned planting site to prevent surface consolidation. Excavating and spreading topsoil cannot be carried out after rain. The ground conditions during construction should be very dry, and machinery must not repeatedly roll over it. To avoid the formation of stagnant water layers in the restored ground, it should be well tilled when laying.

3. Cleaning up the green space

Cleaning up the green space is not just about clearing away garbage and pulling out weeds. The importance of this operation is to provide good growth conditions for plants. , ensuring that the roots can fully elongate, maintain vitality, and absorb nutrients and water. Therefore, heavy machinery must not be used to crush the ground during construction.

First of all, ensure that the root zone layer should be conducive to the balance of root elongation. Generally speaking, the minimum thickness of the root zone of lawns and ground cover is 15 cm, that of small shrubs is 30 cm, that of large shrubs is 45 cm, that of shallow-rooted trees is 60 cm, and that of deep-rooted trees is 90 cm; while the minimum thickness of plant cultivation is On the basis of the minimum survival thickness, the thickness of lawn cover and shrubs should be increased by 15 cm each, for shallow-rooted trees an increase of 30 cm, and for deep-rooted trees an increase of 60 cm. Second, ensure proper soil hardness. Appropriate soil hardness can ensure full elongation of the root system, maintain good aeration and water permeability, and avoid soil compaction. Third, ensure drainage and water permeability. Therefore, when filling and preparing the land, it is necessary to ensure that the aggregate structure is good, and drainage facilities such as culverts can be set up if necessary. Fourth, ensure proper pH. In order to ensure the good growth of flowers, plants and trees, the soil pH value is best controlled within the range of 5.5 to 7.0 or adjusted according to the pH preference of the plants being planted. Fifth, ensure nutrition. The best soil suitable for plant growth requires high mineral content, a certain amount of organic matter, and the soil is fluffy and moist.

4. Planting of trees in non-planting seasons

The best transplanting period of trees is generally from the dormant period to before budding in spring. The period for deciduous trees in North China is from late March to early April; from late October to late November. Evergreen trees can be planted from early March to early April; from late October to late November; they can also be planted in the rainy season, and should be done on cloudy and rainy days after entering the first fall. During the actual construction process, due to time constraints or other special requirements, trees are often planted outside the planting season. In order to ensure the survival of trees, appropriate technical measures must be taken. Off-season planting of deciduous trees requires soil balls. The diameter of the soil balls ranges from 6 to 10 times the diameter at breast height. In addition to the soil balls, the frequency of watering should be increased compared with normal planting. The branches and leaves should be shortened to varying degrees depending on the variety. Spray germination inhibitors and evaporation inhibitors to inhibit germination and reduce evaporation of water from the leaves. During irrigation, a root accelerator can be mixed into the tree to promote root hair. For old trees that have passed their prime, large valuable trees, or trees that are not growing well, it is best to remove the roots if time permits. Ideally, the roots should be cut off in the first spring and transplanted in the second or third spring. After cutting off the roots, reduce the number of branches and leaves and increase the number of fibrous roots at the broken roots to promote survival. The transplanting time should be cloudy or under shading conditions to facilitate survival.

5. Problems that are likely to occur when civil engineering and greening are constructed cross-cutting

Due to deadlines or other reasons, it is very easy for problems to arise when civil engineering and greening are constructed cross-cutting by different units, especially when laying bricks and mortar. In small aspects such as building curb stones and plant protection frames. Curbstones generally use stone or prefabricated concrete products. In order to ensure construction quality, the joints on the inside of the curbstone (i.e. within the green space) must be reinforced with concrete to maintain stability as required. However, the shape and size of the concrete should be controlled on the premise of achieving stability, so that plants such as lawns or color blocks can reach canopy closure after normal growth, and there will be no lack of seedlings. Curb stones should also guide rainwater to the planting ground. Pay attention to the drainage slope and restraint capacity of the surrounding parts, and set up false water-conducting joints in advance. During the production process, the foundation of the tree-planting frame should not exceed the design standard to avoid reducing the planting area. The concrete and gravel in the tree-planting frame should be removed in time before planting. As for the tree-planting protective frames with the function of sitting on the ground, the height is usually about 0 to 5 meters above the ground, which affects the planting depth of the plants. The construction sequence of first making the frame-protecting frame and then planting the trees must be strictly followed to avoid death caused by planting trees too deep. When existing tree protection frames or tree cavity edge stones need to be replaced, the size of the protection frame and underground depth should be determined based on the growth of the tree root system. Do not cut off the lateral roots for the sake of the beauty of the protection frame, to avoid the occurrence of the tree tilting or even being uprooted after wind and rain. Phenomenon.

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