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Name: Statue of Liberty (English: Statue of Liberty, French: Statue of Liberty), also known as "Freedom to Illuminate the World" (English: Freedom to Illuminate the World, French: Le Monde Liberté).

Authors: bartholdi, Vereboduk.

Time: 1874 ~ 1884

Material: steel, copper

Specification: 46 meters high (93 meters with base) and 229 tons in weight.

Geographical coordinates: 40 41'21.17 "N, 74° 02' 40.45438+0w W.

Introduction:

It was 1876, which was given to the United States by the French. It was located near the mouth of the Hudson River in new york, USA. This is an important tourist attraction on Liberty Island where the statue is located. (Originally, France intended to give it to Egypt, because the idol was rejected by Egypt and then transferred to the United States, becoming a symbol of new york City and even the whole United States. )

Bartholdi, a famous French sculptor, spent 10 years painstakingly carving the statue. The shape design of the goddess comes from the sculptor's mother. The right hand of the goddess holding the torch is based on the sculptor's wife's arm.

The Statue of Liberty, dressed in ancient Greek-style clothes and wearing a radiant crown, has seven sharp peaks, symbolizing the seven continents and four oceans of the world. The goddess held a torch with a length of 1 2m symbolizing freedom in her right hand, and a declaration of independence engraved with1776 in her left hand, with broken handcuffs, fetters and chains at her feet. She symbolizes freedom and freedom from tyranny. On the pedestal of the granite statue, a well-known poem by American poetess Emma Nasaroach is engraved. The internal structure of this wrought iron statue was designed by gustave eiffel, who later built the Eiffel Tower. /kloc-completed and unveiled on October 28th. 1886.

The Statue of Liberty is 46 meters high, its pedestal is 93 meters high and its weight exceeds 200 tons. It is made of metal and placed on a concrete base. The pedestal of the Statue of Liberty was built by the famous Joseph Pulitzer, who raised 654.38 million dollars. Now the base is the American Museum of Immigration History.

1984, the Statue of Liberty was listed as a world cultural heritage.

The whole bronze statue takes 120 tons of steel as the skeleton, 80 tons of copper as the outer skin, and 300,000 rivets are assembled and fixed on the bracket, with a total weight of 225 tons.

[Edit this paragraph] History

The steel skeleton of the Statue of Liberty was designed by Eiffel, who designed the Eiffel Tower in Paris, and the statue was designed by French sculptor Villepo Duke and completed in Paris. The French government presented this statue commemorating freedom to the United States as a gift to celebrate the100th anniversary of American independence.

1869, Bater completed the sketch design of the Statue of Liberty. The sculpture project started at 1874 and was completed at 1884, which lasted for ten years.

1On July 6th, 884, the Statue of Liberty was officially presented to the United States. On August 5, the foundation stone laying project of the statue base began. The pedestal is about 27 meters high and made of granite concrete. Below the pedestal is a huge concrete column, which was driven into the center of Fordwood Castle 6 meters deep. This castle is an octagonal military fortress. It was built in1808-1811,and was renovated in 1840. 1in June, 885, the whole statue was divided into more than 200 boxes and transported to new york by tugboat from Lyon. 1886101In mid-October, 75 workers assembled 30 rivets on scaffolding, about 100 parts.

1October 28th,1886 10, new york harbor was full of ship whistles and fireworks. With the sound of 2 1 salute, President Grover Cleveland presented the most famous statue in North America to the American people. Since then, passengers on ships entering new york Harbor can see the Statue of Liberty holding the torch of freedom high. For thousands of immigrants who come to the United States, the Statue of Liberty is a guarantee to get rid of poverty and oppression in the old world. The Statue of Liberty has become a symbol of the United States.

19 16, President Wilson installed an all-weather lighting system for the Statue of Liberty and presided over the completion ceremony.

1942, the American government made a decision to list the Statue of Liberty as a national cultural relic of the United States.

From 1984 to 1986.

[Edit this paragraph] Symbolic significance

For more than a century, the bronze statue of the Statue of Liberty standing on Liberty Island has become a symbol of the friendship between the American nation and the people of the United States and France, and has always expressed the lofty ideals of the American people for democracy and freedom.

185 1 year, louis bonaparte staged a coup to overthrow the second French Republic. One day, a group of * * * Republicans spread out their defense business in the street and started street fighting with political changers. At dusk, a young girl loyal to * * * and the regime, holding a burning torch, jumped over obstacles and shouted the slogan "Forward" and rushed at the enemy. Unfortunately, she was shot and killed. Since then, this brave girl holding the torch has become a symbol of the sculptor's pursuit of freedom. In addition, the image of the Statue of Liberty is based on Bater Di's later wife, and the face is taken from his mother.

The poem carved on the cornerstone of the Statue of Liberty in Emma Lazarus's sonnet The New Giant;

Welcome,

Those who are tired and poor,

Crowded together, eager to breathe freely,

Prosperity is abandoned,

Poor guy.

Put these homeless people

People who have suffered a lot.

Give it to me together.

I hold high the lamp of freedom!

[Edit this paragraph] Install the Statue of Liberty

1884 On July 4th, the copper plate used to form this 150-foot-tall statue was officially handed over to the American Ambassador to Paris in Paris. However, whether it is negligence or incompetence, the US government does not know where to put the Statue of Liberty.

A charity foundation raised $654.38 million +0.5 million to build the pedestal of the statue on Bedro Island (later Liberty Island) on the other side of Manhattan. But the money is not enough. If the financial resources are cut off, the whole project will stop. 16-foot-tall hand holding the torch was exhibited as early as 1876 in Philadelphia 100 anniversary celebration, but the main body of this precious gift remained in France.

Pulitzer owns new york's Le Monde. Out of respect for freedom, in order to expand the influence of the newspaper, he launched a large-scale fund-raising campaign to build the pedestal of the Statue of Liberty.

Pulitzer pointed out in an editorial on the front page of Le Monde that the Statue of Liberty's nowhere to live "is an indelible shame for New York State and our country!" ! Now there is only one way to save the goddess, and that is to raise money as soon as possible. "We don't expect millionaires to pay the money. The Statue of Liberty is not a gift from a French millionaire to an American millionaire, but a gift from all French people to all American people. "

At the end of the editorial, he sincerely asked people to consider this appeal and, more or less, to donate money.

Sincere and generous words touched the public, and then the news and comments on architectural statues published in Le Monde pushed this mood to a climax. Pulitzer himself took the lead in donating $250, and appointed his right-hand man, Reavis, to be responsible for fund-raising.

Le Monde planned to raise $654.38 million+for the statue, while Reavis raised $75,000 in four months, and 654.38+02 million people participated in the fund-raising, ranging from 5 cents to 250 dollars, expressing everyone's admiration for the great image of the goddess. Reavis once described it like this: "It is a miracle that a newspaper inspires the enthusiasm of a nation ... there has never been a newspaper before. Have such a great influence on the people. Every day, we can see touching new things in fund-raising activities, which reflects the people's trust in Le Monde. For this sacred trust, Le Monde must strive to defend it. "

Other newspapers showed unusual indifference to fundraising. However, Le Monde is doing its best to welcome the arrival of the Statue of Liberty. 1In June, 885, the French transport ship "Yesailai" arrived in the United States with 2 10 boxes of statues, which was welcomed by the American fleet and the "emmons" chartered by Le Monde. By August, Le Monde had raised 10 109 million dollars for the Statue of Liberty.

The financial guarantee enabled the installation of the statue to proceed smoothly. 75 workers participated in the installation, and the formed copper sheet was fixed on the iron frame with rivets. The assembly took half a year and only 300,000 rivets were used. The colossus is as high as 160 feet and stands on a pedestal almost as high. Such a tall and heavy goddess must not only stand firm, but also be able to withstand the strong sea breeze. In order to solve this problem, Eiffel, who built the Paris Tower, designed a tower-shaped internal support structure with four legs, and the tower legs were embedded in a base 8 meters deep, so that the statue could stand firmly by the sea.

After long-term efforts, the glorious project of the Statue of Liberty was finally completed. The contributions of Pulitzer and Le Monde have not been forgotten. Pulitzer was frequently invited to participate in various celebrations, but many dignitaries and rich people who attended the celebrations turned a blind eye when funds were scarce. Le Monde once commented on the pedestal made of fine marble: "When donations are needed, the stingy millionaires in new york are careless about the Statue of Liberty and tightly buckle their pockets. If the marble in this base is half as hard as their heart, it is first-class marble. "

1886101October 26th, the Statue of Liberty was unveiled. The Statue of Liberty, wearing a laurel crown, holding high the torch and holding high the code, has stood tall in new york Harbour ever since, welcoming ships at sea for countless days and nights.