Professional terminology of F1 racing

Undercut (the chasing car pits early): The driver behind the wheel enters the pit stop early to change tires to temporarily gain a tire advantage, and attempts to overtake the opponent when the car in front enters the pit pit.

Marbles (Tire Rubber Particles): Particles dropped from racing tires after high-speed driving. Although the driver is stained with tire feces during the race, the grip of the tires will decrease, but after the race, the driver returns to the field. Lap times are a good way for drivers to try and keep their cars from falling below minimum weight.

Dirty air/Clean air: A flow state of fluid. In F1, after the airflow passes through the aerodynamic kit, it will form an interfering airflow at the rear of the car, thereby reducing the risk of the car behind catching up. Chance.

Bottoming: When the car floor contacts the road and generates sparks, F1 changed the material of the floor from wood to titanium alloy in 2015, making the sparks even more spectacular.

Blistering/Graining (blistering/graining) Blistering refers to overheated tires running on lower temperature roads, causing the tire rubber to separate from the tread; granulation refers to overcooling The tires run on roads with higher temperatures, causing the tire rubber to cool instantly and remain on the tread. Both of these will cause the tire's grip and service life to be reduced.

Outperforming the car: When a driver demonstrates performance that exceeds the physical capabilities of the car, such as Ayrton Senna’s unparalleled rain race in Monaco in 1984, Sebastian Vettel’s rain race in Italy in 2008 The first win for the Toro Rosso team, or Fernando Alonso in recent years.

Formula racing categories: World Formula One Championship, Formula Two racing, Formula Three car racing.

Extended information

Physical characteristics of F1 racing drivers:

F1 drivers are one of the strongest athletes because of the driving style and drivers of F1 racing cars. The strong centrifugal force that must be endured is very different from driving an ordinary vehicle. Not only does your physical condition need to be better than ordinary people, but you also need to have a calm and analytical mind!

Observing F1 drivers, you can find that they all have thick necks that look almost as wide as their heads, because the heads wearing helmets when driving F1 cars are exposed outside the cockpit. In addition to having to withstand 4 G of lateral centrifugal force when cornering, the forward deceleration force during braking exceeds 5 G. Under such a high centrifugal force state, the head The weight of the helmet will become 5 times the original, about 25 kilograms, so a particularly strong neck is required to resist the centrifugal force and keep the head in a certain position.

Secondly, their arm and wrist muscles are extremely developed. In the past, operating the F1 steering wheel required about 30 kilograms of force. Even though today's F1 can use power steering wheels to reduce the driver's burden, it is difficult to operate the steering wheel at high speeds under the air. Under the influence of pressure,

turning the steering wheel is still quite laborious. When cornering, strong arms are needed to maintain the car on the path the driver wants. During the 300-kilometer race, strong arms are required. The arms and wrists are a must.

In addition, when cornering, the strong lateral centrifugal force will cause the blood in the body to flow to one side, but at this time the driver still needs to think calmly before facing the next corner. The heartbeat at the start is as high as 190 beats per minute, and during the race the heartbeat is at 160 beats. Therefore, the cardiopulmonary function of the racing driver must be different from that of ordinary people.

The body's heat resistance is also important to F1 drivers. When competing in the cool European regional stations, the temperature in the cockpit can be as high as 50 to 60 degrees Celsius. Although the body is constantly replenished with water, After nearly 2 hours of racing, the total body fat consumption and dehydration will exceed 4 kilograms. If an ordinary person is dehydrated in such a situation, it will cause shock, but F1 drivers can still talk and laugh after getting off the car.

Baidu Encyclopedia-F1 Racing