What are the symptoms and mechanisms of scarlet fever?

What are the symptoms and mechanisms of scarlet fever?

Scarlet fever is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by hemolytic streptococcus type B, which mostly occurs in children under 10, and can occur all year round, but mostly in spring. Scarlet fever is an acute respiratory infection. It is characterized by fever, angina pectoris, scarlet fever-like rash and desquamation. A few cases may have cardiac and renal complications in the later stage. Scarlet fever is common in children aged 2-8 years, and it is acute and highly contagious. If it is not treated in time, some serious complications may occur. Therefore, parents should pay attention to it. Once children have similar symptoms, they should be diagnosed and treated as soon as possible. According to sudden onset, typical rash, bayberry tongue, papule line, pallor around mouth and desquamation after rash, combined with systemic symptoms such as fever, sore throat and tonsillitis and contact history, the diagnosis is easy. But it should be differentiated from rubella and measles (introduced in the previous chapter). In addition, attention should be paid to whether there is a history of medication to rule out scarlet fever-like drug eruption. Treatment can be divided into general treatment and systemic drug treatment: (1) General treatment is bed rest and adequate nutrition and water supply. When you have a sore throat, you can give a liquid or semi-liquid digestible diet to keep your mouth clean. When you have a high fever, you should reduce it in time. Children should be isolated for 3 ~ 4 weeks to prevent other children from being infected. (2) Systemic treatment Although there are more and more kinds of antibiotics and their efficacy is getting stronger and stronger, penicillin is still the first choice for treating scarlet fever. Because penicillin has special effects on streptococcal infection, it not only has a good therapeutic effect, but also can prevent complications such as acute glomerulonephritis and rheumatic fever. Penicillin g is generally used. This disease belongs to the category of "febrile disease" in traditional Chinese medicine, and it is called "rotten throat rash" or "epidemic rash". Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the occurrence of this disease is caused by the invasion of warm toxins, which steam up the throat and reach the whole body.