What are the main pests of potatoes? How to prevent it?

(1) Aphids mainly live in groups on the back and tender tops of leaves, sucking the juice of leaves, secreting a sticky substance at the same time, blocking the stomata, causing the leaves to shrink and deform, hindering the growth of tender parts, which can directly affect the yield. In addition, aphids can also spread viruses to healthy plants, causing viral diseases and species degradation. Prevention and control methods: choose high altitude cold areas or windy places as seed potato production sites, so that aphids are not easy to land; Build a seed potato production field 5~ 10 km away from the virus potato field to prevent aphids from flying to spread the virus in a short distance; Adopt early sowing or wrong sowing to avoid the peak of aphid migration. Chemical control: 10% chlorfenapyr EC 12 ~ 15g/ mu, or 10% imidacloprid WP 15 ~ 20g/ mu, or 2.5% beta-cypermethrin EC/kloc-0. Spraying 7~ 10 a day 1 time, and continuous control for 2~3 times. Be careful not to use drugs for 10~ 15 days before harvesting. (2) The potato ladybug is also known as the 28-star ladybug and Sister Hua. Adults and larvae mainly gather on the back of leaves to chew mesophyll, and finally only veins are left, forming a network, which makes leaves and plants dry and yellow-brown. When pests occur, the potato seedlings in the whole field will dry up, and the yield of light pests can be reduced by about 10%, and the yield of heavy pests can be reduced by more than 30%. Control methods: clean up the residual plants in the field in time to reduce the source base of overwintering insects; Removing the egg mass on the back of the leaves during the peak spawning period; Use the habit of adult suspended animation to beat plants and kill insects falling in the basin; When the hatching rate of eggs in the field reaches 15%~20%, chemical agents can be used to control it, such as 2.5% deltamethrin EC, 5%S- fenvalerate EC or 2.5% beta-cypermethrin EC. 50 ml of medicine per mu and 50 liters of water for field spraying. Be careful not to use drugs for 10~ 15 days before harvesting.