Brief introduction of Liu, the magistrate of Taizhou in Qing Dynasty, what is the contradiction between Liu and Liu Mingchuan?

Liu, the character's life growth experience, was born in Lanzhou, Yueyang, Hunan. Learning from the world as a teenager is a fine tradition in Hu Xiang, and it is also one of the main reasons for the rise of modern Hunan people. During the Xianfeng period, the Taiping Army marched into Hunan and Hubei, and he was born a scholar. In order to safeguard the interests of one's own class, it is quite rewarding to launch group training in one's hometown and resist everywhere. Received the appreciation of Hunan Governor Luo (later appointed as Sichuan Governor and killed Shi Dakai in Dadu River), so he sponsored Xiancheng and embarked on his official career. In the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), Zuo served as the governor of Zhejiang, and the First Army successively participated in the suppression of Taiping Army in more than ten counties such as Sui 'an, Changshan, Quxian, Yuhang, Anji and Xiaofeng. He is brave and good at fighting, and he runs the army strictly. In June of the third year of Tongzhi (1864), together with Yang Changrui (according to the governor of Zhejiang on the left), he attacked Wang Li Shixian's department in Xiaofeng and Zhang Cun, Jinhua, and won a decisive victory. Since then, Zhejiang has been completely flat. Liu's scenery is infinite, and he likes to wear Hualing. lord protector, a Taoist priest, is actually the magistrate of Taizhou. Zuo trusts him very much. He once said: "* * * has worked for many years and he is very confident. He will be able to fill the gaps in consolidating the army and governing the people, and he will answer those who are grateful. "

When the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom rose, the Eight Banners of the Qing Dynasty, green camp and other regular troops had already decayed. Taizhou Liu Yishen relies on local corps to save himself and recover his hometown, and is known as the "hometown of loyalty and righteousness". However, the quality of these local groups is mixed, and some of them have become bandits. They hurt one side and complained bitterly, but the local government was unable to punish them. At the beginning of getting off the bus, Liu pursued the strategy of using heavy codes in troubled times. First, he secretly investigated the whereabouts of the bandits according to their records. Then, suddenly in the middle of the night, he personally led the soldiers, with copper coins in his mouth, and went straight to the bandits' nest. Xu Dafang, He Shoufeng, Wang, Qiu and other bandits were eliminated. Later, he colluded with Sun Xi, the magistrate of Huangyan County, and wiped out hundreds of bandits in Qitian (according to the west of Huangyan) and Taizhou bandits. The old saying that "the blood in six cities in Taizhou is pitiful, and the sound is a little red" is purely the cynicism of the opposition, but it also shows the desperate spirit of Liu Zhifu and bandits. As the 98-volume Biography of Taizhou Prefecture in the Republic of China said: "Smart and capable, brave in doing things, although I occasionally use politics, I am close to Wu Jian. However, after the erosion of Taiwan Province, its reconstruction is essential. " In addition, he also repaired the county seat, thickened and heightened the city, and opened the East Lake. There are martial arts schools, tinkers, gunpowder and ordnance bureau in the city, and it is suggested that the governor move the general commander of Huangyan to Haimen, which strengthens Taizhou's coastal defense and sends guerrillas to station according to the situation. Taizhou's military equipment was awesome for some time.

In the 11th year of Tongzhi (1872), in September, Liu Hui was ordered by his father to leave with a Taoist priest and a second-class person. Before he left, Taizhou gentry painstakingly erected a monument for him, and commemorated his "Inscription on Linhai Yixue" in Fu Xue Palace Temple, and now moved to Zheng Guangwen Memorial Hall. In the early years of Guangxu, he worked as a Taoist in Lanzhou, Gansu. Six years (1880), left in Zhangjiakou. The following year, he went to Beijing to make a pilgrimage to Emperor Guangxu, and was awarded the position of garrison commander and political magistrate in Taiwan Province Province, Fujian Province. His strength lies in managing affairs, and his weakness lies in being a man. When Taiwan Province Province was in office, it was quite critical to promote education, reclaim the sea, deal with unjust imprisonment, rectify salt, tea, coal mine, tax and other industries. In the 10th year of Guangxu (1884), the French invaded Taiwan Province province, and Liu actively prepared for the war and held his ground. After Keelung's fall, the whole Taiwan shook, and those in power were eager to avoid his words. Finally, he was accused by Luo Zhi and impeached and imprisoned. After the Sino-French peace talks, he was sent to Heilongjiang. In the 12th year of Guangxu (1886), he arrived in July and died in February. Taizhou gentry deeply regretted the bad news. When we stroll along the Labor Road in front of Taizhou Hospital, don't forget that there are many road names from north to south, such as Hengjiexia, Lion Bridge, Santaifang Lane, Xianxi Street, Wudao Temple, Yuan Di Temple and Madianqian. By the time of the Republic of China, it was all called Liu Street, just to commemorate Liu, the most famous magistrate in the Qing Dynasty who defended Taiwan Province for more than 240 years.

On May 17, the 14th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty, the dark clouds hung low in Taizhou, and the mountains stood tall, and grief was like a flood. The gentry of six cities in Taiwan Province (Linhai, Huangyan, Taiping, Tiantai, Xianju and Ninghai) gathered in the East Lake of Linhai, the capital, to hold a ceremony for the magistrate Liu before the public sacrifice, and many tributes were sent from all walks of life. Among them, the most representative is the elegy of the famous historian, educator and Huang Yan, the king of juren: "The benefits are prosperous, the disadvantages are removed, and the qi is whole; There is no evil, no punishment, no goodness, and Hu Ming's smoke and water will always be remembered. " Furthermore, he wrote in "The Ancestral Hall of Taizhou Former Magistrate": "Over the past 270 years, there have been more than 60 people guarding Taiwan, and Tan Gong (according to the famous anti-Japanese) is the most successful; He has been in China for more than 240 years, and there are 50 or 60 people guarding Taiwan Province. Liu Gongzhi has the greatest achievement. " What achievements did Liu lead in 240 years? If you ask the locals today, you are almost at a loss. After all, it was 150 years ago. Even the Annals of Taizhou compiled by Changlin is ambiguous. A sentence by Mr. Fang Xiaoru, a rural sage, impressed me deeply: "The legacy of predecessors is also the responsibility of the deceased." Briefly describe the people and events of Liu Zhifu, hoping to benefit people today.

Overview of Personal Achievements Liu's most commendable achievement is Daxing Culture and Education. At that time, after the war in Taizhou, everything needed to be done, and the main body of legislation focused on culture and education. He said: "To achieve long-term stability, it is necessary to promote schools and make them necessary. Tracing back to Chabei County, since the establishment of education, the official offices of Song and Zhu Wen have been in Taiwan, and the township school has been located in Jianli Society ... In the meantime, the gate is Zou Lu, and the songs are simultaneous ... Beifu and Myanmar want to read the book crown, pursue punishment measures, clean up the original things, and teach first. " From the sixth year of Tongzhi (1867), his main measures in cultural education are as follows:

The academy was built in Fucheng, not far from the sea. He raised funds for official and county schools, set up schools, built Zheng Xue and Donghu Second Academy, and founded Wenguang Academy under Gubei Mountain (later expanded to Three Academy, the predecessor of Taizhou Middle School). Urge Linhai County to build Dongshan Academy (Haimen), Yinshan Academy (Haimen), Danhua Academy (Du Qiao), Zunru Academy (Xiaozhi) and Jiaojiang Academy (Jia), rebuild Hejiao Academy (), expand Nanping Academy (Yongquan), and allocate more funds to Binxian Academy (Dafen). The school palace was restored in Huangyan, and the original Dao Academy (courtyard bridge), Jinqing Academy (Jinqing), Nanqu Academy (Ningxi), Lingshi Academy (Toutuo) and Xihua Academy (Wuyan) were newly built, and Fan Chuan Academy (south of the city) and Jiu Feng Academy (east of the city) were built. Cuihua Academy was changed to Qingxian Academy (inside the city) and Dongshan Academy was changed to Dongou Academy. Rebuild Sixian College (Hongjia). Taiping County (now Wenling City) has newly built Fengshan Academy (Hengjian), Wen Yi Academy (Ruoheng) and Deng Yun Academy (Gaopu). Rebuild Yunyang College (Fengcheng), expand Lishan College (Jiangyang) and Wenzong College (Hengfeng), rectify heming College (city), and allocate more funds to Dongyu College (Wenqiao) and Longshan College (Xinhe). Ninghai has newly built Gongtai Academy (Emperor Liang), Lecture Hall (Yang Dayan), Tingshan Academy (beside the pavilion), Longshan Academy (sea tour) and Xunzhi Academy (Kongxi). On the roof, a new college of civilization was built (in the city). In Xianju, the county school was restored and the funds of Anzhou Academy were increased. According to statistics, Liu Zhifu has been in office for 9 years, urging 32 academies in various counties to build, rebuild, expand or rectify. By the end of Qing Dynasty, there were 144 academies in Taizhou, accounting for 14% of the total number of academies in Zhejiang at that time.

Liu Wei, a school for poor children, has established more than 100 schools in Taizhou. There are six schools in Linhai Chengguan alone, including Dongcheng, Cheng Nan, Zhongcheng, Xicheng, Beicheng and Admiralty. The famous villages near the sea are: Xiao Zhi, Cangshan, Qifeng, Furong, Tao Zhu, pragmatic, enlightened and Liu Xian. In order to ensure the teaching effect, people are also sent to inspect and supervise regularly to reward outstanding students. He himself often walks and visits universities at night. As he said in the book The Origin of Taiwan Province Studies, "I have been in Taiwan Province for seven years, and it is my duty to promote Japanese literature and education. Those who learn to be excellent are officials, learn their art and enjoy it; The first two subjects have won more than 20 people and secretly comforted. "

Raising enough funds for running a school Taizhou is barren and has always attached importance to merchants. After the war, finance was particularly scarce. In order to completely solve the worries of the university students, for seven years of Tongzhi (1968), Liu drew up the articles of association and donated Haimen salt as the funds for the university students and the bus. About 3000 strings of copper coins are distributed every year, divided into 60%: 40% of the funds allocated to county colleges and Liuyi University; 10% of students take the township examination in Sichuan; Ten percent of people will try Sichuan Capital. At the same time, a notice was issued that all counties in Shenzhen confiscated the waste products of temples and Taoist temples and distributed them to colleges and universities. Peiyuan Bureau was established, and the land within 20 miles of two townships in the southeast of Fucheng was allocated to Peiyuan Bureau for all public welfare undertakings such as education, and various funds were raised, totaling more than 200,000 yuan, which was earmarked for special purposes, and local officials were not allowed to use it for other purposes. In addition, he also allocated special funds to purchase Taizhou Guild Hall in Beijing to facilitate the accommodation of Taizhou candidates and foreigners. Since the "two-out-of-school case" occurred in Taizhou, Shunzhi, Qing Dynasty, it has been only 43 years since the people in Linhai Township and 40 years since Qianlong (1775), and the Jinshi in Linhai County has been listed 102. However, through Liu Zhifu's efforts to improve the cultural and educational undertakings during the Tongzhi period, he finally made great achievements in Guangxu. There were 17 Jinshi in Taizhou (including 8 in Linhai County), but there were only 38 Jinshi in the whole Qing Dynasty, accounting for nearly half in Guangxu period. Facts strongly show that Liu Zhifu's achievements in Daxing culture and education are obvious to all. Taizhou Fuzhi in the Republic of China also praised: "Taiwan Province's cultural education is a great help." Finally it's over