Contents of handwritten report on bird flu prevention

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Prevention of avian influenza manuscript template content picture 03 bird flu propaganda knowledge

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The white blood cell level of most people infected with avian influenza is lower than normal, and the lymphocyte level is not high or even decreased. If the platelet level drops, it is necessary to consider whether there is disseminated intravascular coagulation caused by serious infection, and to comprehensively identify it through coagulation analysis and fibrinogen level. Blood biochemical examination showed that creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase increased, C-reactive protein increased and myoglobin increased.

Imaging examination showed patchy shadows in the lungs of patients with pneumonia. The lesions in severe patients progress rapidly, showing multiple ground glass shadows and consolidation images in both lungs, which may be combined with a small amount of pleural effusion. When ARDS occurs, the lesions are widely distributed.

The most reliable test is still pathogen detection. Before antiviral treatment, qualified medical units should collect respiratory tract samples for inspection as far as possible (such as nasopharyngeal secretions, mouthwash, tracheal aspirate or respiratory epithelial cells) for virus nucleic acid detection (real-time fluorescence PCR detection) and virus isolation.

In addition to avian influenza virus infection, human patients infected with avian influenza often have bacterial infection or secondary bacterial infection in the early stage, and fungal infection may also occur after long-term or large-dose use of antibiotics and improper use of glucocorticoid. Therefore, sputum culture and respiratory aspirate culture should be carried out many times in clinic to check the types of bacteria and/or fungi and their sensitive or drug-resistant types, so as to rationally select antibiotics in clinic and guide clinical treatment.

diagnose

According to the standards in the Diagnosis and Treatment Plan for Human Infected with Avian Influenza (2008 Edition) issued in May 2008 and the Diagnosis and Treatment Plan for Human Infected with H7N9 Avian Influenza (20 13 2nd Edition) issued in April 20 13, according to the epidemiological contact history, clinical manifestations and laboratory examination results, it can be concluded that human infected with H5N/kloc-. In the case of unknown epidemiological history, according to the clinical manifestations, auxiliary examination and laboratory test results, especially the avian influenza virus was isolated from the patient's respiratory secretions, or the avian influenza virus nucleic acid was positive, or the specific antibody of avian influenza virus in two serum samples was positive or dynamically increased by more than 4 times, which can be used for the diagnosis of human infection with avian influenza.

We should mainly rely on pathogen detection to distinguish it from other unexplained pneumonia, such as seasonal influenza (including influenza A H 1N 1), bacterial pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), novel coronavirus, adenovirus pneumonia, chlamydia pneumonia, mycoplasma pneumonia and other diseases.

treat cordially

The treatment strategy of human infection with avian influenza is mainly to give symptomatic maintenance, anti-infection, ensure oxygen supply to tissues and maintain organ function under appropriate isolation conditions.

Symptomatic maintenance mainly includes bed rest, dynamic monitoring of vital signs and physical or drug cooling. Anti-infection therapy includes antiviral therapy (such as oseltamivir, zanamivir, paramilivir, etc. ) and anti-bacteria and viruses and fungi, but it emphasizes the timing of clinical treatment. Early, fast and accurate? . In particular, antiviral drugs should be taken out of respiratory specimens before use and used within 48 hours of onset. For cases that need antiviral drugs clinically, they can also be used 48 hours after the onset.

Ensuring tissue oxygenation is the core to maintain the normal function of important organs in critically ill patients, which can be carried out by selecting nasal catheter, mouth/nose mask, noninvasive ventilation and invasive ventilation.

Specific treatment methods should be carried out under the guidance of professional doctors to avoid drug abuse and improper operation, resulting in drug resistance and delay of illness.

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