What should we do to effectively prevent and control the epidemic?

Facing the pneumonia epidemic caused by the new coronavirus infection, how can we protect ourselves in our daily lives? In the "Cartoon on the Prevention and Control of Pneumonia due to Novel Coronavirus Infection" edited and published by the China Population Publishing House and the Chinese Medical Works Network team, experts gave 10 practical suggestions.

1. Wash your hands frequently and maintain good respiratory hygiene habits

Use soap or hand sanitizer and wash your hands with running water, and wipe your hands with disposable paper towels or clean towels. Wash your hands immediately after coming into contact with respiratory secretions (such as after sneezing).

Maintain good respiratory hygiene habits. When coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with tissues, towels, etc., wash your hands after coughing or sneezing, and avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth with your hands.

2. Enhance physical fitness and immunity, and keep the environment clean and ventilated

Enhance physical fitness and immunity, adopt a balanced diet, moderate exercise, and regular work and rest to avoid excessive fatigue.

Open windows for ventilation no less than 3 times a day, for 20 to 30 minutes each time. When the outdoor air quality is poor, the frequency and time of ventilation should be appropriately reduced.

3. Minimize activities in crowded places and pay attention to symptoms

Minimize activities in crowded places and avoid contact with patients with respiratory infections.

If symptoms of respiratory tract infection occur, such as cough, runny nose, fever, etc., you should stay in isolation at home and seek medical advice as soon as possible if the fever persists or symptoms worsen.

4. The role of hand washing in preventing respiratory tract diseases

Correct hand washing is one of the most effective measures to prevent diarrhea and respiratory infections. Authoritative organizations such as the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization recommend washing hands thoroughly with soap and water (running water).

5. To wash your hands correctly, you need to master the six-step handwashing method

① Scrub the palms of your hands together (clasp your hands together and rub them five times); ② Cross your hands and scrub between your fingers (the palms of your hands are on the back of your hands, and your hands are crossed Stack the left and right hands together and scrub each other for five times); ③ Scrub the palms of the palms of the palms of each other and rub the spaces between the fingers (interlace the fingers of the palms relative to each other, scrub for five times); ④ Rub the fingertips of the palms of the hands, do the same for the left and right hands (put the fingertips on the palms of the palms and rub each other for five times each) (Bottom); ⑤ Hold the thumb of the other hand with one hand and rub it, five times each with the left and right hands; ⑥ Bend the fingers to rotate the joints in the palm of the other hand and rub it five times each, switching.

6. When do you need to wash your hands

① before and after passing documents; ② after coughing or sneezing; ③ before, during and after preparing food; ④ before eating; ⑤ using the toilet after; ⑥ when hands are dirty; ⑦ after contact with other people; ⑧ after contact with animals; ⑨ after returning from going out.

7. What should I do if there is no clean water when traveling and it is inconvenient to wash hands?

You can use alcohol-based disinfectant products to clean your hands. Coronavirus is neither acid nor alkali resistant, and is sensitive to organic solvents and disinfectants. 75% alcohol can inactivate viruses, so alcohol-containing disinfectant products reaching a certain concentration can be used as an alternative to hand washing with soap and running water.

8. How to choose a mask?

Option 1: Just choose a disposable medical mask when going out normally, wear it for 4 hours and replace it immediately, and replace it immediately if it becomes contaminated or wet;

Option 2: Go to the hospital to see a doctor or in crowded places N95 medical protective masks can be used everywhere, wear them continuously for 4 hours and replace them immediately. If they become contaminated or wet, replace them immediately.

Cotton masks and sponge masks are not recommended.

9. Use masks correctly

How to use medical masks:

①The darker color of the mask is the front, and the front should be facing outward, and there are also There is a nose clip metal strip. ② The opposite side of the medical mask should be facing the face, which is the lighter side. In addition, it should be noted that the part with the metal strip should be on top of the mask, and do not wear it backwards. ③After clearly distinguishing the front, back, upper and lower ends of the mask, wash your hands and hang the ropes at both ends on your ears. ④Finally, press the metal bars on both sides of the bridge of the nose with your hands to make the upper end of the mask close to the bridge of the nose, and then stretch the mask downward so that the mask does not leave any wrinkles and covers the nose and mouth.

10. How to wear masks for special groups

① When pregnant women wear protective masks, they should pay attention to their own conditions and choose products with better comfort. ② The elderly and patients with chronic diseases of cardiopulmonary disease may feel uncomfortable after wearing it, and may even aggravate the original condition. They should seek professional guidance from a doctor. ③ Children are in the growth and development stage and their faces are small, so choose children’s protective masks.