Under what circumstances do bidders collude in bidding?

Collusion bidding refers to collusion between bidders to raise or lower the bid price, and collusion between bidders to crowd out competitors.

Collusion bidding by bidders includes collusion bidding between bidders and collusion bidding between bidders.

Basic contents of bidders' collusive bidding

(1) collusive bidding among bidders: the bidders agree to raise or lower the bid price; Bidders mutually agree to quote the project subject to tender at high, medium and low prices. Bidders conduct internal "bidding" first, and then decide the winning bidder to participate in the bidding; After one bidder gives appropriate economic compensation to other bidders, their bids will be organized by them, and whoever wins the bid will be contracted by them.

(2) Bidders collude with the tenderee in bidding: the tenderee opens the bidding documents before the bid opening, and informs other bidders of the bidding situation, or assists the bidders in replacing the bidding documents and changing the quotation; The tenderer discloses the pre-tender estimate to the bidder; The tenderee has agreed to reduce or increase the bid price when bidding, and give extra compensation to the bidder or tenderee after winning the bid. The tenderer determines the winning bidder in advance. The tenderer customizes the bidding documents for a specific bidder and excludes other bidders.

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