Compulsory questions in the Chinese language test from primary school to junior high school, summary of important knowledge points

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1. Analysis of Chinese Character Test Question Types

In order to help children review effectively and enter the test state as early as possible, Sanhao.com has summarized the required Chinese language test question types, review points and precautions for answering questions. For your reference.

First, it’s a review of Chinese characters.

First, read the pronunciation of the characters correctly. The main thing is to be able to clearly distinguish the pronunciation of homophones, polyphones and words with similar sounds to prevent confusion. Especially for polyphonic words, the pronunciation must be determined according to the specific language environment and different meanings. There are many polyphonic words in the textbooks. Children should pay attention to the accumulation and understand what sounds they are pronounced under what circumstances. Some Chinese characters have the same pronunciation and are called homophones. Although homophones have the same pronunciation, their glyphs and meanings are basically different, so students should pay attention to the distinction.

Second, recognize the glyphs. The strokes of Chinese characters are relatively complex. It is necessary to recognize the shape of the characters, master the strokes, stroke order rules, radicals and frame structure of Chinese characters, and pay attention to distinguishing between characters with similar shapes to ensure correct writing.

Third, understand the meaning of the words. Different Chinese characters express different meanings, many words have multiple meanings, and the same word expresses different meanings in different language environments. Common question types in the exam include: (1) Read and choose the correct meaning for the punctuated words in the sentence; (2) Make up words based on the different meanings of a word.

2. Analysis of Sentence Examination Questions

“According to the function of sentences, they can be divided into 4 types: declarative sentences, interrogative sentences, imperative sentences, and exclamatory sentences; according to the structure of the sentences, It can be divided into single sentences and complex sentences. "Teacher Zhao requires that in single sentences, students should know what is a complete sentence; in complex sentences, they should know the relationship between the two sentences before and after, and what appropriate correlative words should be used.

Common sentence test questions include the following:

(1) Change the sentence pattern. The sentence patterns that usually require transformation include: "ba" sentences and "bei" sentences; affirmative sentences and negative sentences; direct narratives and indirect narratives; declarative sentences and rhetorical questions. To practice before the exam, firstly, you must clearly understand the requirements and what you want to change; secondly, you must pay attention to the fact that the transformed sentence structure cannot change the meaning of the sentence; thirdly, you must master certain methods. For example, when changing a rhetorical question, you can use some commonly used words to strengthen it. Tone, "couldn't it be", "how could it be", etc.

(2) Sentence expansion and contraction. The basic method of sentence expansion is: first find the main word of the sentence; secondly, add appropriate modifying words before the main word. The modifying words can be added in one or more places, as long as it is appropriate; thirdly, read the expanded sentence Read it once and see if it makes sense and whether the meaning is more specific and substantial than the original sentence. The basic method of shortening sentences is: first, divide the sentence into two parts: "who" and "what" or "what" and "how"; second, find the main words of each part; third, remove the modifying words and put the main words Connect into complete sentences. When expanding or contracting sentences, you must be careful not to change the meaning of the original sentence.

(3) Modify the incorrect sentences. First, we must understand the cause of the sentence, and then prescribe the right remedy. Common sentence problems mainly include: incomplete sentences, missing components (for example, missing subject, missing predicate, or missing object) → adding missing components; improper collocation (for example, some words in the sentence cannot match each other in meaning or It is inconsistent with language habits) → change it to a suitable collocation; the word order is confusing → adjust the word order; it is inconsistent → change or delete it.

(4) Rhetoric of sentences. Common rhetorical techniques include: metaphor, personification, exaggeration, parallelism, questioning, and rhetorical questions. Each rhetorical device has its own characteristics. What needs to be noted is:

First, distinguish between metaphorical sentences and personification sentences. Metaphor is an analogy, there must be two types of things, and usually there are metaphorical words (of course, some sentences have words like "like" and "like" in them, but they are not metaphorical sentences); personification means writing things as if they are people, and there must be people. movements, expressions and language. For example, "The bird is singing" is a personification sentence, while "The bird is like a singer" is a metaphor.

Secondly, hyperbole sentences include both exaggeration and reduction. We should pay attention to the fact that they are based on real life and objective reality, so that they will feel natural and reasonable.

Thirdly, the parallelism sentence should have 3 or more phrases or sentences, with connected meanings, the same or similar structure, and roughly the same number of words.

Fourth, pay attention to the difference between asking questions and rhetorical questions. Both hypothetical questions and rhetorical questions have the characteristics of asking knowingly, but hypothetical questions ask and answer themselves, and the answer is outside the question; rhetorical questions ask without answering, and the answer is in the question.

3. Analysis of reading test questions

Reading is a key content that children need to master. It tests whether children can read an article by themselves by answering questions to test their Chinese reading ability. When doing reading exercises, you should pay attention to:

First, carefully review the questions, understand the meaning of the questions, and master the requirements of the questions.

Secondly, read the article carefully with questions, think carefully and organize the answers.

Finally, after writing the answer, read it over and over again and check to see if the answer is relevant, the content is complete, the sentences are smooth, and the punctuation is correct. What are the common question types in the Chinese language test for primary school students?

First, read the text silently and fill in the blanks according to the content of the text. Fill in the blanks according to the content of the text. Some will test your understanding of the author of the text, understanding of key sentences, writing method of the text, main content, expressed thoughts and feelings, etc.

Second, understand the content, emotion and expression of the article. For an unfamiliar article, you should read it carefully and carefully. On the basis of understanding the main content of each natural paragraph, first understand what the entire article says, and then grasp some key sentences to understand the emotions and explanations that the author wants to express. question or the writing method used. The answers to some questions can be found directly from the article or the relevant content can be summarized and described coherently; while some need to be summarized in words based on understanding and according to the requirements of the topic.

Third, the issue of reflecting autonomy and individuality. For example, write about issues that interest you, copy sentences that you like and explain why, etc. For this kind of problem, you should really understand it and then write it down.

4. Analysis of composition examination questions

Whether it is propositional composition, semi-propositional composition, free composition, etc., it is nothing more than writing about people, recording events, writing about activities, etc. Those who write about scenes need to pay attention to the following aspects in order to write a good composition:

First, review the meaning of the question. Including the review object, review scope, and review focus (grasp the key words of the question, that is, the title of the question). Second, clarify the center. One is that the title itself stipulates the center of the article, and the other is that it only stipulates the scope of writing, but it is up to the students to decide what content to write and what center to determine. Again, select the material. The materials must reflect the core point of the article and must be typical and representative. Fourth, organize the materials. It is required to make an outline before writing the article, and make it clear in what order to write, what to write in detail, and what to write in brief. Finally, revise carefully. After the article is written, it must be read carefully several times, reading, checking, and revising. Modifying the article includes correcting typos, correcting sentences, correct punctuation, clarity, and whether key parts are specific. Summary of knowledge points that must be taken in the Chinese language test for elementary to junior high school students

1. Words to describe learning

There is no end to learning and never tire of learning

Spending sleep and food racing against time

Not willing to give in Show weakness and go all out

Be truly talented and learn diligently

Strive to the top and be eager to learn

The stupid bird flies first and overcomes the thorns

Ignorant of learning and skills and hears the chicken dance

Be diligent in learning and ask questions and strive for self-improvement

Seize the day and night to strive for self-improvement

2. Words that describe the character’s demeanor

Lively and cheerful

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Careless and dejected

Listless and bright

Frowning and frightened

3. Describe the Spring Festival Poems

The sound of firecrackers marks the end of the year, and the spring breeze brings warmth to Tusu.

Thousands of households always exchange old talismans for new peaches.

("Yuan Ri" by Wang Anshi, Northern Song Dynasty)

4. Poems describing scenery

Black clouds rolled over the mountains without covering the mountains, and white raindrops jumped into the boat.

The ground wind blows away suddenly, and the water under Wanghu Tower is like the sky.

("Drunken Book at Wanghu Tower on June 27th" by Su Shi of the Northern Song Dynasty)

5. Idioms and sayings describing summer:

The sun is scorching Floating melons escape the heat, the sun is like fire, the bright sun is like fire, the scorching summer sun is scorching

The scorching sun is in the sky, the wind is scorching, the sun is high, the fire umbrella is high, Wu Niu is breathing, the moon is flowing, the gold is shining, the stone is five yellow, the floating melons are sinking in June

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In the hot summer, the chairs and seats lined with green trees are scorching hot. The heat is fumigating. The red sun is scorching.

The scorching sun is scorching. The scorching sun is like fire. The scorching sun is like blazing fire. The wheel is high, spitting fire and the clouds are like burning

The sea and sky are steaming with clouds in summer. The summer sun is so hot that the summer mountains are as green as green summer trees. The summer water is sinking plums and floating melons in the soup.

The heat is so hot that the steam is rising. Flowing gold, glittering stones, flowing gold, flowing gold and iron stones, burning gold and iron stones, burning gold and flowing stones

Burning gold and flowing stones, Wu Niu panting, the moon is long, the sky is red, the sky is hot, the weather is hot, the moon is steaming, people are sweating

Sweating all over the body, sweating all over the body, sweating all over the body, sweating like rain, sweating like rain

Sweating like rain, sweating like pulp, sweating like water, the fields are cracked, no grass grows, no grains are harvested, and the seedlings are withered

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The grain seedlings are dry and full of sweat. The red ground is thousands of miles away and dripping with sweat. The drought is threatening. The grain seedlings in the field are half withered

6. Literary common sense - Introduction to the author

1. The earliest in China The dictionary called "Shuowen Jiezi" was written by Xu Shen. This was the first dictionary classified by radicals. This classification method has continued to this day.

2. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the emperor ordered the compilation of the largest book series in China, which included more than 3,000 important works before the 18th century. The book has a total of 2.3 million pages, and when connected together, it is enough to circle the Earth's equator more than once. Please tell me this series of books is called "Sikuquanshu".

3. China’s first collection of poems is the Book of Songs, which has 305 chapters, also called “Three Hundred Poems”.

4. The masterpiece of the great poet Qu Yuan during the Warring States Period is the Chu Ci "Li Sao".

5. Ancient Chinese myths are very rich, among which the "Book of Mountains and Seas" has the most.

6. During the Western Han Dynasty, "Historical Records" written by Sima Qian was called "the swan song of historians and the rhymeless Li Sao" by Mr. Lu Xun.

7. Song Ci is mainly divided into two major schools, one is the bold school and the other is the graceful school. Su Shi and Xin Qiji are representatives of the bold school, and Li Qingzhao is the representative of the graceful school.

8. "I hope that people will live forever and travel thousands of miles to sing the beautiful songs" is a famous line in "Shui Diao Ge Tou" written by the poet Su Shi of the Song Dynasty.

9. The most famous female poet in ancient China is Li Qingzhao.

10. The main representative of Yuan drama is Guan Hanqing, and his main work is "The Injustice of Dou E".

11. Cao Cao's "Old man is still in trouble, but he aspires to a thousand miles; a martyr is in his old age, but his ambition is endless" expresses his unremitting pursuit of ambition.

12. Tao Yuanming's "Peach Blossom Spring" writes about an ideal world where people live a peaceful and happy life isolated from the outside world.

13. The most representative literary genre in the Tang Dynasty was poetry. (Tang poetry, Song lyrics, Yuan music, Ming and Qing novels)

14. Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty was called the "immortal" and the "immortal of poetry".

15. Li Bai, also known as Taibai, is known as the "Immortal of Poetry" and "the only poet through the ages".

16. Du Fu’s poems in the Tang Dynasty are regarded by everyone as the “history of poetry”. The most representative ones are the "Three Officials" ("Xin'an Officials", "Shihao Officials" and "Tongguan Officials") and the "Three Farewells" ("Newlywed Farewell", "Homeless Farewell" and "Elderly Farewell"). It profoundly writes about the suffering of the people and the loneliness of life in troubled times

17. Du Fu's poem "Rain on a Spring Night" is very famous. "Good rain knows the season, and spring will happen. Sneak into the night with the wind, moistening "Things are subtle and silent."

18. Mao Zedong's representative works "Qinyuanchun·Snow" and "The Long March".

19. The name of the national anthem "March of the Volunteers" was written by Tian Han and composed by Nie Er.

20. The term "bosom friend" comes from the story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi during the Warring States Period.

21. The "Four Books" refer to: "The Great Learning", "The Doctrine of the Mean", "The Analects" and "Mencius"

22. The "Five Classics" refer to: "Poems", "Books", "Books" "Etiquette", "Yi" and "Spring and Autumn" (Poetry and Book of Changes, Spring and Autumn)

23. Examples of Braille turning into gold in famous ancient poems:

"Green" in Wang Anshi's "The spring breeze turns green again on the south bank of the river" "The word "noisy"

The word "noisy" in Song Qi's "The spring breeze on the red apricot branches"

The word "noisy" in Jia Dao's "The bird stayed in the tree beside the pond, and the monk knocked on the door under the moon". "The word, that is, to delve into the origin of the allusion.

This type of exam is often tested: talk about which word or word is used well in a certain sentence and why.

24. Tao Yuanming, named Qian, courtesy name Yuanming, known as Mr. Jingjie, and called himself Mr. Wuliu, was a poet of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the first pastoral poet in my country.

25. Wang Bo, courtesy name Zian, was one of the four heroes of the early Tang Dynasty and a litterateur of the Tang Dynasty. He wrote the lyrical poem "Sending Du Shaofu to Shuzhou" (Five Rhymes); and the famous article "Preface to the Pavilion of Prince Teng". He is the author of "The Collection of Prince An".

26. Yang Jiong, the first of the Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty, is famous for his famous works "On the Military March".

27. Lu Zhaolin, one of the four heroes of the early Tang Dynasty, is represented by "The Ancient Meaning of Chang'an".

28. King Luo Bin, one of the four heroes of the early Tang Dynasty, is represented by "Cicadas in Prison" and the famous "Chasing the Military", and the collection of his works is "Linhai Collection".

29. He Zhizhang, also known as Jizhen, called himself Siming Kuangke, and was a poet of the Tang Dynasty. His "Returning to Hometown Oops" (Qijue) is a famous piece of poetry.

30. Wang Zhihuan, courtesy name Jiling, was a poet of the Tang Dynasty. His "Liangzhou Ci" and "Climbing the Stork and Magpie Tower" are treasures of quatrains in the Tang Dynasty.

7. Literary common sense - ancient poems

1. In Tang poetry: Li Bai, the immortal poet, Du Fu, the sage of poetry (history of poetry), Bai Juyi, the demon of poetry, Wang Wei, the Buddha of poetry, Li the ghost of poetry He, poet prisoners Meng Jiao and Jia Dao, poet Liu Yuxi.

The styles in Tang poetry are very different. Li Bai is a representative romantic poet. Du Fu is a representative poet of realism. Wang Wei (paintings in poems, poems in paintings) and Meng Haoran are representative landscape and pastoral poets. Wang Changling, Gao Shi, and Cen Shen are representative poets of the frontier fortress, while Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen are representative poets of the New Yuefu Movement (that is, the pursuit of easy-to-understand language)

2. Song Ci is generally divided into the "bold school" and the "graceful school" ". The representative poets of the "Bold and Unconstrained School" are Su Shi, Xin Qiji, etc. The representative poets of the "Graceful School" are Li Qingzhao, Liu Yong, etc.

It was rumored at that time that: Liu Lang (Liu Yong)'s lyrics were only suitable for girls in the seventeenth and eighteenth years, holding a red tooth plate, and sang "The Morning Wind and the Waning Moon on the Willow Bank", and the bachelor's degree (Su Dongpo)'s lyrics were worthy of the Han Dynasty in Guanxi. Bronze pipa and iron pipa, singing "The Great River Goes East".

3. In the scholar Wang Guowei's "Human Words", "Every generation has its own literature. The poetry of the Chu, the poetry of the Han, the parallelism of the Six Dynasties, the poetry of the Tang, the lyrics of the Song, and the music of the Yuan , are all 'literature of one generation', and no subsequent generation can succeed."

Wang Guowei believes that the highest achievements of literature in a specific period are: Chu Ci, Han Fu, Six Dynasties Parallel Prose, Tang Poetry, Song lyrics and Yuan music. (Supplement: Novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.) Among them, Tang poetry, Song lyrics, and Yuan opera are both world-famous.

Representative works of Han Fu: Ban Gu's "Liangdu Fu" and Cao Zhi's "Luo Shen Fu".

Parallel prose, also known as Siliu prose, flourished in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Representative works: Liu Xie's "The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons" and Wang Bo's "Preface to the Pavilion of Prince Teng".

4. Pu Songling's self-encouragement couplet of the Qing Dynasty: "Those who are determined can achieve great results. If the cauldron sinks the boat, one hundred and two Qin Passes will eventually belong to Chu; if a person works hard, the sky will not let him down; if he sleeps on his salary and tastes his gall, three thousand more armors can be swallowed up." "Wu." There are two allusions: Xiang Yu sank the cauldron, and Gou Jian lay down on the firewood to taste his courage. Pu Songling's representative work "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio".

5. The sage Confucius (sage), the sage Mencius, the sage Zengzi, the sage Wang Xizhi of the Jin Dynasty, the sage of painting Wu Daozi of the Tang Dynasty, the sage of poetry Su Shi, the sage of literature Ouyang Xiu, the sage of tea Lu Yu of the Tang Dynasty , Medicine Sage Li Shizhen Ming Dynasty, Medical Sage Zhang Zhongjing Eastern Han Dynasty, Grass Sage Zhang Xu Tang Dynasty, Medicine King Sun Simiao Tang Dynasty, pastoral poet Tao Yuanming Jin Dynasty, Qu Yuan, the father of poetry, during the Warring States Period, and Sima Qian, the father of history, Western Han Dynasty.

6. "The Book of Songs" is the earliest collection of poems in China. Edited by Confucius. ***Including 305 poems, it was called "Three Hundred Poems" in ancient times. It consists of three parts: Feng, Ya and Song. It is the beginning of Chinese realist literature.