What are the routines for Chinese reading comprehension?

In the Chinese language test, besides composition, reading has the highest score!! Junior high school students have as much trouble with Chinese reading as with writing~

If you want to improve your writing skills, you can do a lot of Read and collect a lot of materials, and your writing skills will not be too bad.

But reading is different. Reading should not only keep close to the meaning of the questions, but also pay attention to the routine of answering the questions! The general reading test questions have rules to follow, and there is a framework. As long as you do not deviate from the answering framework too much Far, reading is also easy to score.

Below, the reading answer routines summarized by these special teachers almost cover the main question types of junior high school reading. If you learn this, getting full marks in reading is not a problem!

1. The role of the beginning of the article

1. Cause the following and pave the way for the following (narrative)

2. Start with a topic and propose the center (central argument)

3. Use stories or allusions Introduce an argument or topic (explanation object) and arouse the reader's interest in reading.

2. The role of the end of the article

1. To deepen the center and sublimate the feelings

2. To bring up the topic at the end of the article and put forward the center or central argument

3. Summarize the above, put forward suggestions and issue a call

3. The role of a sentence or a paragraph

1. The structural role is: to summarize the whole text and trigger the following , lay foreshadowing, foreshadow, connect the previous and the next (transition), echo before and after, echo from beginning to end, summarize the full text, highlight topics, and promote plot development.

2. The role of sentences in expressing expressions: exaggerating the atmosphere, highlighting the character's image (or character's emotions), highlighting the center (revealing the main idea), and highlighting the theme (deepening the center).

In argumentative essays:

① Serve as a factual argument to prove the previous (last) sentence, and then prove the central argument;

② Serve as a logical argument to prove the previous (

③ Explain the previous (last) sentence (explain the characteristics of things)

4. Common writing methods and expression techniques

Associate, imagine, symbolize, compare, contrast, set off, set off, contrast, suppress the desire first, suppress first and then increase, see the big from the small, support the object to express the ambition, borrow the metaphor of the object, integrate the reason into the object, borrow the object Metaphors about people, expressing emotions through objects, expressing emotions through scenery, blending scenes, expressing emotions through borrowing objects, using ancient metaphors to describe the present, using allusions, directly expressing emotions, combining movement and stillness, combining virtuality and reality, frontal description, side description, etc.

5. What do "this", "them", etc. refer to

1. Generally, you look forward and will not go beyond the first three sentences;

2 , after finding it, put the found content in the sentence where the pronoun is located and read it to see if it is suitable.

6. Imitate sentences

1. Topic. First of all, the imitation sentence should be consistent with the example sentence in terms of topic, so that the material is closely connected to the center and the examples are typical and reasonable.

2. Sentence pattern. The sentence structure of the imitation sentence should be the same as that of the example sentence. Sentence patterns include declarative sentences, interrogative sentences, imperative sentences, exclamatory sentences, etc.

3. Rhetoric. When imitating a sentence, you should use the same rhetorical methods as the example sentence, so you should carefully study the figures of speech used in the example sentence.

4. Structure. The combination of the components of the imitative sentence and the construction of the qualifying phrase should be consistent with the example sentences.

5. Expression. The imitated sentences should have smooth language, appropriate wording, and be concise and clear.

6. Color. Here "color" includes stylistic color and emotional color.

7. Number of words. For some imitation sentence questions, you should also pay attention when imitating the sentence. The number of words should be exactly the same as the example sentence.

7. Words used to evaluate sentence characteristics

Accurate, rigorous, vivid, vivid, easy to understand, concise language, concise and clear, concise, contagious, and strong sense of rhythm , euphemistic and implicit, meaningful, thought-provoking, profound, arousing interest in reading, thorough reasoning, persuasive

8. Answers to word-limited questions

1. Complete the answer according to the requirements of the question Accurate expression (don’t think too much about the number of words at this time);

2. Abbreviate according to the word number requirements: ① Remove irrelevant modifiers, ② Change multi-syllable words to monosyllabic words, ③ Use abbreviations (especially place names).

3. Read the sentences together that meet the meaning of the question and the word count requirements. Are there any grammatical errors? Yes, they must be revised. The sentences should be concise, complete, smooth and clear.

9. Writing slogans

1. The sentences must be short and concise;

2. The following sentence patterns can be used: imperative sentences, metaphorical sentences, parallel sentences, Dual sentences, symmetrical sentences, famous poems, proverbs, catchphrases, etc. can also be cleverly used and slightly modified to suit the context.

10. Sentence function, meaning analysis, sentence appreciation

1. The correlative word "although...but..." is used in the sentence. This group of correlative words changes the relationship; the correlative word is used "Not only...but also..." and the like, this type of related words express a progressive relationship, both of which are intended to emphasize the latter.

2. The function of an inverted sentence: it is often to emphasize the front part (that is, to move it to the front). For example: "It is very true, it is not beneficial to you" is to emphasize the part of "it is not beneficial to you". The degree is "extremely high". Another example is the sentence "It's not that good, I think" to clearly emphasize that the author's evaluation of the scenic spot "Leifeng Sunset" is "it's not that good".

3. Evaluate and appreciate a sentence: You should start from two aspects, first evaluate the writing characteristics and language characteristics, such as what rhetorical techniques and expression techniques are used, whether the language is vivid or beautiful, symmetrical or accurate and rigorous Or use verbs, adjectives... and then comment on the ideological connotation, that is, clarify what point of view this sentence expresses, what feelings, enlightenment, education it gives you...

4. Analyzing the meaning of a sentence can also be based on analysis Start with keywords and focus on understanding the meaning of keywords in a specific context.

5. When analyzing a sentence in an expository paragraph, you must closely focus on the content of the explanation, the characteristics of the object of explanation, and the characteristics of the expository language (accuracy and vividness).

6. When analyzing a sentence in a narrative paragraph, it is necessary to closely focus on the specific atmosphere rendered by the article, the feelings expressed, the characteristics of the character, etc.

7. When analyzing a sentence in an argumentative essay, one sentence should be closely linked to the argument (either the central argument of the full text, or the sub-argument of the paragraph) and the characteristics of the argumentative language.

8. Key sentences mainly include five aspects:

① Sentences that point out the topic; ② Sentences that describe, discuss, and express emotions; ③ Sentences that summarize the full text; ④ Sentences that start, transfer, and combine (Such as sentences that echo each other and transitional sentences that connect the previous and the next); ⑤ Sentences that use various rhetorical techniques.

Understanding key sentences mainly refers to being able to appreciate the thoughts and feelings expressed by the sentences. At the same time, you must understand the function, role, and characteristics of sentences in the text.

11. Comparative analysis of sentences

Common questions: Is it okay to replace the original sentence with a modified sentence? Or which one is better, the original sentence or the modified sentence?

How to answer the question And steps:

1. Express your opinion (does it work or not, which one is better);

2. Analyze the advantages of the original sentence;

3. Analyze the shortcomings of the revised sentence.

12. Write a title for the paragraph

1. Look at the beginning, the end, the central sentence, the transitional sentence, and the recurring sentences.

2. The language is required to be concise, usually about 6 words.

Do you know how to answer so many reading comprehension questions?

Learn it immediately and get high scores in the final exam!

Segment reading questions General principles for answering questions:

(1) Read the questions first and then the text.

When reading the question, pay attention to find the "question eye" (that is, the key point of answering the question) from the question stem, and read the text with the question in mind so that the reading has a clear goal.

(2) When reading the article, pay attention to grasp the main content and central meaning of the article as a whole.

(3) When preparing to answer the question, you must read the question carefully again and find the "eye of the question".

(4) When answering questions, if the specific question involves relevant paragraphs, you should read these paragraphs repeatedly; if it involves the whole article, you should read the full text again.

1. Article genre: poetry, novel, prose (lyrical prose, narrative prose), script, expository essay, argumentative essay

2. Six elements of narrative: time, place, characters, Event, cause, process, result

　3. Types of prose: (1) Narrative prose (2) Lyrical prose

　4. Characteristics of prose: The form is scattered but the spirit is not scattered.

5. Types of novels: novels, novellas, short stories, novels.

6. The three elements of a novel: characters, environment, and plot (beginning, development, climax, and ending).

7. Expression methods of narrative: narration, discussion, lyricism, description, and explanation.

8. Find the topic sentence: Look for the argumentative and lyrical sentences in the first or last paragraph.

9. Wenyan: The title is "Wenyan", which governs the whole text (news); sometimes it explains the main characters and storylines, sometimes it explains the main things and objects (the symbolic meaning of "objects"); sometimes it is still " clue".

10. Material organization characteristics: tightly centered around the center; selection of typical events; appropriate tailoring; appropriate detailing.

11. Divide levels:

(1) Divide by time (find phrases that express time) (2) Divide by location (find phrases that indicate location)

(3) According to the development process of things (find each event) (4) Total score (tick the beginning and remove the tail)

Articles mainly about writing about things:

①. Analyze according to the time when things happen and develop; ②. Convert analysis according to the place where things happen and develop;

　③. Analyze according to the stages of development of things.

Articles mainly about people:

①. Analysis according to the growth stages of the characters; ②. Analysis according to the different places where the characters are located;

③. According to Analysis of different conditions that express different character traits of characters; ④. Analysis based on changes in characters' emotions.

Articles mainly about scenery:

①. Changes in the observation points of observing scenery according to characters, that is, spatial change analysis;

②. According to Changes in different scenery at different times, that is, time change analysis.

12. The clues and functions of narrative:

Clues: (1) Core characters (2) Core things (3) Core events

(4) Time (5) Place (6) Author's emotion

Function: It is the thread that runs through the whole text, organically connecting the characters and events in the text, making the article clear and organized.

Answering routine:

For example: The article uses the clue "..." and writes "..." and "...|" in the middle to form a kind of "candied haws on a stick" "Strong" structure, typical material selection, clear context, and clear theme.

13. Prepare a title for the article: Find the clue or center of the article.

(1) Core characters (2) Core things (3) Core events (6) Author’s emotions

14. The order and function of narrative:

( 1) Sequential narration (in the order of the development of things)

Function: The narrative has a beginning and an end, is clearly organized, and makes the reading clear and impressive.

(2) Flashback (write the results first, and then explain what happened before.)

Function: Create suspense, attract readers, avoid the monotony of the narrative, and enhance the vividness of the article .

(3) Narrative (interrupt the clues during the narrative and insert another related thing.)

Function: It supplements and sets off the plot, enriches the image, and highlights the center.

　(4) Plain description (omitted)

15. Language characteristics: (Vivid image, fresh and beautiful, concise and concise, accurate and rigorous, incisive and profound, easy to understand, harmonious phonology, rhythm (strong sense, etc.)

Answering routine: The language of this article (natural and simple or vivid and beautiful) is such as "...(extract relevant sentences from the article)", which "...(appropriately select the following words library excerpt)".

Example sentence: The language of this article is beautiful and vivid, such as "It makes people relieve their worries and swim in it", "Slaps the emotions settled in your heart", "Snatches away the lightness that you hold tightly in your hand" "Sorrow" and so on, the writing style is elegant, fresh, meaningful and poetic, leaving endless aftertaste to people. ("Summer Quatrains")

Note: Choose from the following sentences based on context and rhetorical methods. Be sure to choose appropriate words based on the specific content of the article, and never be pretentious.

Attachment: Simple and natural language appreciation thesaurus:

(1), simple and unpretentious (2), written crystal clear, bright and flawless, poetic and picturesque

(3), concise and comprehensive, pure and elegant, simple and natural (4), concise language, full of momentum

(5), concise words, profound artistic conception (6), simple and lively language, The rhythm is lively and catchy

(7), the diction is fluent, quiet and elegant (8), the language is plain and simple, the writing is elegant and flowing, and the color is light and meaningful...

Vivid and beautiful language appreciation thesaurus:

(1), concise writing style, vivid description

(2), detailed and vivid description, making the writing swaying and full of changes , the theme is clear and prominent

(3), implicit and timeless, chewy, thought-provoking, leaving endless aftertaste

(4), the writing is elegant and nine-melody The ileum has the color beauty of painting and the charm of poetry

　(5), surging and heroic air cushion, clear and timeless style, steady and deep brushstrokes

　(6), flesh and blood Rich and profound, the language is deep and touching, touching the heart

(7). A big splash of ink, swaying freely (8). The reasoning is profound and the content is thick

(9). The language is magnificent, Concise and condensed, exciting (10), deep, subtle, and thought-provoking

　(11), the language is beautiful, poetic, and heart-shaking (12), the writing is ups and downs, and the meaning is profound and meaningful...

16. Writing techniques and functions: (contrast, foil, exaggerate before suppressing, cleverly create suspense, see the big from the small, clarify the meaning at the beginning, show the ambition at the end of the chapter, support the object to express the ambition (i.e. symbol), embody the story and reason, Blending of scenes, narration and discussion...)

Answering routine: This article adopts the "XX" method. The author uses "... (related content of the article)" to make the article "..."

Example: This article uses a symbolic approach. The author praises the poplar trees in the north to praise the heroic spirit and united and progressive spirit of the military and civilians under the leadership of the Communist Party of China in defending the motherland. It It makes the article implicit and emotional, and the author's praise can be expressed vividly.

(1) Personification technique: endow things with human personalities, thoughts, feelings and actions to personify them, thereby achieving a vivid effect.

(2) Metaphorical techniques: describe things and explain principles vividly, concisely and concisely.

(3) Exaggeration: highlight the characteristics of people or things, reveal the essence, and give readers a clear and strong impression.

(4) Symbolic technique (expressing one's ambition through things): Placing specific meaning on the things described expresses the emotion of... and enhances the expressiveness of the article.

(5) Comparative technique: through comparison, highlight the characteristics of things and better express the theme of the article.

(6) Contrast (lateral foil) technique: Use secondary people or things to set off the main people or things, highlighting the characteristics, character, thoughts, feelings, etc. of the main people or things. To set off, the foil of similar things is "positive foil", and the foil of opposite things is "reverse foil"; the secondary foil is the main foil.

(7) Satire: Use metaphors, exaggeration and other means and methods to expose, criticize and ridicule people or things, strengthen the profundity and criticality, and make the language pungent and humorous.

(8) To exalt before suppressing: first belittle and then vigorously praise the object being described. The context forms a contrast and highlights the object being written, thus achieving an unexpectedly touching effect.

(9) Echoing before and after (echoing from beginning to end): Make the plot complete, the structure rigorous, and the center prominent.