Summary of eighth grade Chinese knowledge points

School is about to start. I'm here to sort out the knowledge points of the eighth grade Chinese for everyone to learn in the new semester.

Summary of eighth grade Chinese knowledge points

1, "Mr. Fujino" is a retrospective essay written by Mr. Lu Xun and included in "Flowers in the Morning". This retrospective essay expresses the author's sincere memory of Mr. Fujino, and praises his integrity, enthusiasm, rigorous academic attitude and no narrow nation.

Supplementary and revised lecture notes, serious and responsible, rigorous academic research.

Strictly correcting anatomical drawings requires enthusiasm and sincerity, and requires serious teaching.

Care about the integrity and enthusiasm of internship, without narrow national prejudice.

Understand the spirit of foot binding and seeking truth from facts

This article narrates the clue:? Me? Correspondence with Mr. Fujino (open line)

? Me? Changes in patriotic feelings (dark line)

Qingsheng: unlearned, arty and decadent.

? Is it really beautiful? Irony expresses strong resentment and irony, and expresses the author's disgust, ridicule and contempt for them.

Twilight: Aroused Lu Xun's worries about home and country.

Mito: This is the place where Zhu Shunshui, an anti-Qing scholar with national integrity and patriotic enthusiasm, died.

Perhaps things are scarce: Lu Xun's bitterness as a weak country's people is also the embodiment of his strong national pride.

Harsh: Long live? Cheers greatly hurt Lu Xun's national pride.

The author of My Mother is a scholar Hu Shi. The article is selected from Hu Shi's autobiography.

The article recalls the author's childhood and adolescence, and her mother grew up with strict requirements and deep love, expressing her deep nostalgia and gratitude to her mother and praising her excellent character.

Mother: Kind and gentle, strict father loving mother, self-denial, tolerant and kind, very strong.

3. My First Book is selected from Han Niu's Cultural Celebrities Remembering Students (Part II)? My first book? It refers to the Chinese textbook of the first grade of primary school, which shows the weight of this first book in my life. The first lesson in life includes the hardships of life, the warmth of the world, the friendship of classmates and the fun of going to school? My first book? It is also the narrative clue of this paper.

Written by the author? The first book? Attitude: reverence and cherish

Father: Knowledgeable, caring about children's learning, gentle and kind, understanding children, ready to help others, respecting children's friendship and being responsible for children.

4. "Leo? Tolstoy is excerpted from three writers. The author Zweig is a famous novelist and biographer in Austria. A portrait of Tolstoy? The author not only shows us Tolstoy's unique appearance characteristics, but also reveals Tolstoy's profound spiritual world, which is full of the author's infinite reverence and praise.

5. "Rebuilding Life" is an excerpt from "If you give me three days of light", by Helen? Keller, an American woman writer, was blind and deaf because of illness since childhood. This paper describes Sullivan's superb art of education, but also shows the author's thirst for knowledge and hard and happy life experience? Reinventing your life? Literally, right? Rebuild your life and be reborn? But what does it mean to reshape life in this article? Love shines on me? It turns out that I have no tenderness or sympathy in that silent and dark world? However, under the education of Mr. Sullivan, I? Is the soul awakened and possessed again? Light, hope, happiness and freedom?

6. Snow is selected from Lu Xun's prose poetry collection Weeds. The author's thoughts and feelings are expressed by praising the snow in the north. Of course, you can like the peaceful and quiet beauty of the snow in the south of the Yangtze River, but the higher beauty should be like the snow in the north, dare to face the bleak life and be sublimated in the fierce battle.

7. Lei Song is selected from Guo Moruo's historical drama Qu Yuan. This historical drama was written by Comrade Guo Moruo in Chongqing in 1942. By satirizing the present, it exposed the dark reality under the Kuomintang rule, attacked Chiang Kai-shek's reactionary rule, and conveyed the true will of the people against the Kuomintang dictatorship. The selected text "Lei Song" is Qu Yuan's monologue in the second scene of the fifth act.

1 wind and lightning: a symbol of the power to change social reality

Dongting Lake, East China Sea and Yangtze River symbolize the country and people.

Tangible and intangible sword: Qu Yuan's sabre (land division), the spirit of struggle and firm belief.

4. The group image of wooden poles: rulers and bureaucrats who are incompetent, stupid, decadent, deceiving and confusing the people.

5 islands: symbolizing an ideal society.

8. The "day" and "month" in the two short essays are selected from the prose collection "Dragon? Tiger? Dog, written by Ba Jin. His main works are Riptide Trilogy (Home, Spring and Autumn) and Love Trilogy (Fog, Rain and Electricity).

"Japan" passed? Moths praise their fathers day after day? Two examples praised their heroic dedication to the pursuit of light and heat, and expressed their determination to fight bloody battles in the cold and loneliness.

"Month" has passed? Me? The feeling of Leng Yue's invasion shows the coldness and lifelessness of the real world, and praises the dedication to change the status quo like Heng E.

9. Haiyan is a famous prose poem written by Gorky. His major works include the autobiographical trilogy Childhood, On Earth, My University, the novel Mother, and the script Ordinary Citizen. Haiyan was written by Gorky 190 1 year in March? Fantasia? At the end of "Melody of Spring", what is the original question? The song of Haiyan? The full text depicts the brave and happy image of Haiyan when the storm comes, profoundly reflects the rapidly developing revolutionary situation on the eve of 1905 Russian revolution, enthusiastically praises the brave and fearless fighting spirit of Russian proletarian revolutionary pioneers, and is an ode to proletarian fighting. Haiyan symbolizes the image of a pioneer of proletarian revolution who is brave, strong, optimistic, confident and dedicated. ? Seagulls, sea ducks, penguins? It symbolizes all kinds of selfish and cowardly fake revolutionaries and non-revolutionaries; ? Dark clouds and strong winds? Symbolize counter-revolutionary forces

10, Song is selected from Tears and Laughter by Lebanese poet and painter Ji Bolun. There are prose poems such as Tears and Laughter, Prophet and Shamo, among which there are five prose poems such as Song of Waves, Song of Rain, Song of Flowers and so on.

Song of Rain describes the running and changing process of raindrops in nature with personification and the form of rain's self-report, eulogizes the benefits raindrops bring to nature, praises raindrops' selfless dedication and broad mind, shows the beauty of life, expresses the poet's passion for life, and contains the author's spirit of loving and dedicating to the motherland.

1 1, Fear of Nature is an argumentative paper, which is selected from Wisdom of Nature. Yan Chunyou, the author, adopted the method of pushing forward layer by layer, from negation to affirmation? Conquer nature? The slogan begins with a combination of generalization and concrete expansion, and skillfully uses the method of comparison to make the argument full and first-hand. Fear of nature? The conclusion tells human beings to fundamentally change their ideas and never ask for anything again. Conquer nature? We should respect and care for nature, because human beings? Just an ordinary part of nature's body? Man and other things in nature are brothers.

12, Lop Nur, the disappearing Fairy Lake, from Concerned about Geological Disasters in China. The author WU GANG is reportage. By comparing past lives in Lop Nur, it is revealed that Lop Nur's disappearance from a beautiful lake is a tragedy of man-made destruction of the ecological environment. Infiltrate ideas such as ecological awareness, environmental awareness and sustainable development awareness into the text, alert the world with a strong voice and establish environmental protection for the whole people.

13, the author of the riddle of lemmings by Wei, is a very distinctive scientific essay. This paper introduces scientific knowledge by narrative framework and dialogue, and introduces three mysteries of the Arctic lemmings from three aspects: the amazing reproductive ability is the highest in the animal kingdom; Lemmings don't breed like this every year. Once they are over-bred, they will have all kinds of strange suicidal behaviors, or stop eating, or take the initiative to provoke natural enemies, or change their coat color to attract natural enemies; The great migration of death, millions of lemmings gathered into a mighty team, rushed to the sea and died in the sea. The strange behavior of lemmings gives us a revelation: human beings should not breed unrestrained.

14, the return of geese is taken from Shaxiang Yearbook (a collection of natural essays and philosophical essays, collectively known as? The sacred book of the American resource conservation movement? ), written by Leopold, a famous American environmentalist, introduces the characteristics, laws and relations between geese and human beings by anthropomorphic means, and holds that geese are human partners and animals make the temple fair dance full of vitality, poetry and fun; Humans should love harmless animals and live in harmony, and should not harm them by virtue of their own advantages. Love? This word runs through the whole text. Obviously,? Protect and cherish wild animals? It is the theme of the full text, and the perfect combination of image, knowledge and lyricism is a major feature of this paper.

15, Feed Out is selected from Selected Short Stories of hoshi shinichi by hoshi shinichi, a Japanese modern science fiction writer who is famous for his mini-novels. The greatest feature of his works is ingenious conception. This article is a science fiction novel with the theme of environmental pollution. It tells the story that a typhoon blew down an ancient temple and a bottomless pit was exposed at the bottom of the temple. After studying this hole, it later became a place where people fill garbage. The contents flew out again. This novel reveals the relationship between man and the natural environment and warns the world to face up to environmental problems. The title of this novel is full of suspense. This was originally a young man's cry, but it also contained the team's shallow ignorance of nature. Finally, a small stone flew in. This circular structure is thought-provoking and thought-provoking.

16, "Singing Yunnan" Shen Congwen is an interesting prose writer, a native of Fenghuang, Hunan, a modern writer and a researcher of historical relics. The article describes the singing scenes on three occasions, with different contents and different techniques. The first part is Shan Ye's duet, mainly about singers; The second part is about mountain songs, mainly about singing environment; The third part is country songs, mainly singing scenes, full of taste and appreciation of nature, people and art, and the beauty of life gurgles out in the lyrical style of the author.

17 Wang Zengqi, the author of Duck Eggs in Dragon Boat Festival, is a native of Gaoyou, Jiangsu Province. Dragon Boat Festival custom? Duck eggs in hometown? Eat duck eggs on Dragon Boat Festival? Why don't you paint this frame with a heavy color first? Dragon Boat Festival? Atmosphere, and then write down the reputation and characteristics of duck eggs in my hometown by saying duck eggs, and finally get down to business? Eat duck eggs on Dragon Boat Festival? , focus on writing? Duck egg roll? Looking for fun and poetry in a plain life, savoring the taste of life in a small duck egg, revealing the nostalgia for childhood and the love for hometown between leisure and tranquility.

18, Scream is selected from Miscellanies of Beijing City. The author Xiao Gan, a writer, journalist and translator, introduced the moving scenes of hawking in the old Beijing market in plain but lively and humorous language, and introduced them from morning till night and all the year round. In the slow reminiscence tone, joy and nostalgia are revealed, and people can appreciate the rich interest contained in life.

19, Qi Jun, author of Spring Wine, author of articles by women writers in Taiwan Province Province? How about spring wine and Chinese New Year wine? A few things, with my innocence and loveliness, my mother's kindness and ability, and the villagers' simplicity and kindness, show the beauty of deep human feelings, folk customs and homesickness, with exquisite conception and vivid language.

Strangers on Earth is a series of novel texts by Feng Jicai describing the life of Tianjin citizens and small producers in the early 20th century. Among them, clay figurine Zhang and Haokou Yangba and clay figurine Zhang show his composure and ability by writing clay figurine Zhang and Hai Zhangwu, and he can be calm and calm in the face of the humiliation of Hai Zhangwu. In the two rounds of struggle, he is good at getting ahead of others and is unique. This paper introduces an ingenious and beautifully crafted essay on the sheep. Yangbawen language is simple, Tianjin flavor is strong and humor is vivid.

2 1. "Thinking with Zhu" is selected from the Selected Works of Wu Yun, a writer in the Southern Dynasties. This article is a parallel prose.

Parallel prose: prose which focuses on even sentences and pays attention to antithesis and melody.

The sentence that is always said in the article is: strange mountains and different waters, chinese odyssey;

The sentences with clear water on the side are: swimming with fine stones, looking straight;

In the story of Xiaoshitang? There are hundreds of fish in the pond. They are all swimming in the air. It has the same effect as the article with Zhu Yishu: you can swim with the fine stone and look directly at it.

Write fast-flowing sentences: fast-flowing arrows, if fierce wave rushes;

It not only shows the charm of Fuchun Mountain, but also shows the author's contempt for fame and fortune. The sentence is: people who fly kites against the sky look forward to the peak; He who is in charge of the affairs of the world looks at the valley and forgets rebellion.

The sentence to write the whole picture of Fuchun Mountain is: the wind and smoke are clean, and the Tianshan Mountain is * * * color.

Learning plan of "dedication and happiness" in the second volume of eighth grade Chinese

Teaching objectives

Knowledge target

1. Know the author, remember, understand and accumulate the words in the text.

2. Master the basic knowledge of argumentative writing, master the central argument of this article and the author's writing ideas.

capability goal

1. Learn demonstration methods such as examples and reasoning.

2. Cultivate students to connect with their own reality and treat life with a focused and happy attitude.

Emotions, attitudes and values:

1. Guide students to taste and comprehend? Dedicated and happy? The spirit of.

2. Establish a happy learning concept: respecting learning means respecting yourself.

Teaching emphases and difficulties:

1. Master the basic knowledge of argumentative writing.

2. Guide students to understand? Dedicated? With what? Leye county? The importance, and contact their own reality, with a focused and happy attitude towards life.

teaching method

Reading, discussion and inquiry

teaching process

First, create situations and introduce new lessons.

Multimedia plays a group of pictures for students to enjoy, discuss and exchange ideas.

The teacher concluded: The characters in the picture shoulder a sacred mission. Although the working environment and nature are different, they also have their own existence, which is equally touching. Today we are going to learn "dedication and happiness".

Two. teaching process

1. Check the preview

Pick and choose () next to (), hold (), bend (), blaspheme (), loathe to give up (), enter () properly () and get tired ()

2. Author and style introduction

A. The author

Liang Qichao (1873- 1929) was a leader and scholar of the modern reformists in China. The word Zhuo Ru, whose name is Ren Gong, is also the owner of the igloo. Guangdong Xinhui people. Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty raised people. He and his teacher Kang Youwei advocated political reform and reform together, saying? Kang Liang? . His works cover politics, economy, philosophy, history, language, religion, culture and art, writing and phonology. His works were compiled into The Complete Works of the Ice Room.

B. style

Clarity: This is a speech (expressing one's views on a certain issue and explaining the activities of a certain matter in a spoken way), which belongs to a questioning argumentative paper. The students collectively recalled the relevant knowledge of argumentative writing.

3. Cooperative investigation

A. What is the central point of this article? (host of three rounds of challenges)

Clarity: When we study argumentative writing, we always feel that it is far from us. It has no story, no plot, and everyone feels bored. Let's play a game first and see if we can get into the text quickly.

Please read the text quickly and summarize the content in no more than ten sentences. (abbreviated text)

B.what if you are only allowed to say four sentences?

C. summarize the main content of the article in one sentence

Am I sure? Dedicated and happy? Four words is the only way of human life)

B. What problems did the author talk about successively?

Clear: What is respect? Why worship? How to respect? (See paragraphs 6 and 7 of textbook p24-25)

C. What argumentation methods are used in the paper? The author is demonstrating? Is it necessary to have a career? What demonstration method was used? Get to know it and try to analyze it in detail.

Clear: There are no two identical leaves in the world, and neither are people. Please express your opinions separately. Different people have different opinions, and wise people have different opinions? As the saying goes? It's now or never, can't it be lost again? . Such as: reasoning, case argumentation, etc.

4. Summarize the famous sayings in the text

5. Debate Competition:

Liang Qichao said that we should work hard and be happy. Do you have anything to ask him? What's the difference between a rickshaw puller and a president? Is there a distinction between high and low occupations?

Three. abstract

This article is a speech with clear theme, clear level, popular language and short and long meaning. The greatest feature of Debate is that it quotes a large number of classic aphorisms, and the language fully embodies the ingenious combination of spoken language and speech.

Four. homework

After reading this article, how do you think students should be dedicated?

Reflection after class:

This paper is an argumentative one. Through the study of this lesson, students can better grasp the relevant knowledge of argumentative writing and deeply understand the characteristics of the ingenious combination of speech and oral English. According to the students' situation, teachers organize students to debate in the form of a debate contest, which not only mobilizes students' learning enthusiasm, deepens their impressions, but also stimulates students' reverse thinking and critical judgment ability, and teaches students to establish correct values, outlook on life and dialectically understand life problems. However, the problems discussed are more complicated, and the depth of discussion should be grasped according to the students' understanding level, which requires teachers to ask questions, guide and comment appropriately.