Special exercises for couplets

Review of basic Chinese knowledge (special exercises for couplets)

There are three rules for writing couplets:

The first is that the number of characters in the upper and lower couplets is equal. There are at least 4 characters in each couplet, and most of them have 7 characters. Those with more than 12 characters are called long couplets, which are relatively few.

The second is the harmony of flat and oblique, that is, flat to oblique, oblique to flat, so that it reads harmoniously and will not be confusing. However, the odd-numbered digits can be arbitrary, but the even-numbered digits must be strictly adhered to. This is called "one, three, five, no matter what, but two, four, and six."

The third is relative parts of speech. Generally speaking, it is function words versus function words (these are also Yanzai, etc.) and content words versus substantive words. Function words have very few words, and content words have the most. For example, nouns versus nouns, verbs versus verbs, adjectives versus adjectives, and quantifiers versus quantifiers. It would be neater if the nouns could be more subdivided, such as person's name versus person's name, geography versus geography, astronomy versus astronomy, color versus color, animal versus animal, etc.

As for the use of words, any words used in the first couplet cannot be reused in the second couplet.

There are also regulations for posting couplets, but they are relatively simple. The upper couplet is attached to the right and the lower couplet is attached to the left. How to distinguish the upper and lower lines? Here is a secret.

The last word is in the oblique tone, so it must be the first couplet. The last word is in the flat tone, so it must be the second couplet. The so-called oblique rise and fall. The horizontal comments are mostly auspicious

or have encouraging meaning, so stick them above the door. It doesn’t matter if you don’t need horizontal batching.

When making couplets, the following rules must be followed:

1. The number of words in the upper and lower couplets must be equal, and repeated words cannot be used.

2. The last sentence of the first couplet must be in oblique tone, and the last word of the next couplet must be in flat tone.

3. The sentence patterns of the upper and lower couplets must be consistent (similar parts of speech and corresponding structures).

4. The oblique tones of the upper and lower lines must be opposite to each other. Where the upper couplet uses flat tones, the second line must use oblique tones, and vice versa.

5. The meanings of the upper and lower couplets can be similar or opposite. They can only say one thing, or they may also say two things separately. Methods and skills of couplets:

If you want to make couplets, you must master certain methods. Such as:

The sky is against the earth, the rain is against the wind, and the continent is against the sky. Mountain flowers face the sea trees, and the red sun faces the sky. Thunder is faint and foggy; the sun is shining in the sky. The wind is high

The autumn moon is white, and the sunset is red after the rain. The Ox Girl is around the two stars and the river, participating in the Shang Dynasty and fighting against the west and the east. In October, at the fortress, the rustling frost startled the garrison; on the river in the middle of winter, there was a long snowy day and cold fishermen.

The clouds are against the rain, the snow is against the wind; the evening light is against the clear sky. The coming hong is facing the departing swallow, and the local bird is facing the singing insect. Three-foot sword, six-jun bow; Lingbei faces Jiangdong. The Qing Dynasty in the world

The Summer Palace in the world, the Guanghan Palace in the sky. The willows and willows are green in the morning smoke on both sides of the bank, and the apricot blossoms are red in the spring rain in the garden. There is wind and frost on the temples, a visitor who left early on the journey; a mist and rain on the coir raincoat, a man fishing by the stream at night.

Slogans and Slogans to Welcome the Olympics Civilized Phrases to Welcome the Olympics

Welcome 2008, create a harmonious Olympic year, evergreen civil aviation, and be a lovely civil aviation person.

Take off with the Olympics, add wings to the Olympics, fly in the blue sky and white clouds, and gather together for the Beijing Olympics.

Speed ??comes after safety, performance comes after friendship, challenge yourself, and happiness will follow.

Hosting a successful Olympics and building a harmonious city

1. Couplets related to the author

1. Wen Tianxiang: The righteousness still remains in the world

Forever loyal heart shines through the past and present

2. Lu Xun:

If you want to fight a drowned dog, you will not forgive even when you die. If you know how to attack and defend aggressively, you will not only be a great general in the literary world

Don’t be a short-term writer. You hate helpers the most in your life. You dare to laugh and curse without losing your ideological authority (Chen Yi’s couplet)

3. Bai Juyi:

On poets in the Tang Dynasty, Far away from Li and Du, there are only a few articles about Xin Yuefu

Suzhou is pregnant with the history of the governor, and there are still three old temples and ancestral halls on the edge of the lake and mountains (Suzhou Huqiu Baigong Ancestral Hall)

4. Pusong Age: Writing about ghosts and monsters, being superior to others, and being greedy and cruel (a couplet written by Guo Moruo on Pu Songling's former residence)

5. Sima Qian:

He is upright and unyielding, leaving the general with righteousness and anger in the sky. The History of Chengxin Zhaochenhuan

6. Zhuge Liang:

Take in the two rivers, arrange eight formations, six out and seven captures, in front of the five-foot plain, light forty-nine lanterns, only to reward three visits

Take Western Shu, settle the southern barbarians, and reject the east and north. In the central army tent, the golden, wood, earth, and divine hexagrams are transformed, and the water surface can be attacked with fire

7. Li Bai:

Looking at wealth like floating clouds, drifting away to the country's love garden and rushing to the sea, suddenly stopping the glass and raising another (Liu Changjun's title to Jiangyou Li Bai Memorial Hall)

8. Du Fu:

There are thousands of poems in the history. In autumn, Mr. Hu’s bone thatched cottage is three to five miles away, and in the spring water, gulls flock to the wild old heart (Couple of Du Fu’s Thatched Cottage in Chengdu, Sichuan)

9. Li Qingzhao:

By the Daming Lake, by the Baotu Spring, the former residence is deep in the Chuiyang Mountains

There are many jade washes in the collection, and in the records of gold and stone, the literary talent is the legacy of the late master (Guo Moruo inscribed the Jinan Li Qingzhao Memorial Hall couplet)

10. Wen Yiduo:

When one person falls, tens of thousands of people stand up, and when tens of millions of people stand up, one person falls down (Beijing youths’ joint memorial to Mr. Wen Yiduo)

11. Han Yu: Preface to the story of Master Su who demoted the official Meng Fuzi and paid homage to the teacher

12. Tao Yuanming:

Mr. Liu Qianxuezhong has a tomb of a scholar on Liuling (

13. Confucius:

Sishui article Zhao Riyue Xingtan ritual music Guan Huayi (

2. Couplets related to famous places

1. Mount Tai:

Looking around, the desolate sky is so high, and you can see all the mountains at a glance. The little man is full of ridicule (Location: Tai'an City, Shandong Province. Works involved: "Looking at the Mountain")

2 , Yellow Crane Tower:

After putting pen to paper and writing poems, the two people have been lining the river to swallow the Han Dynasty through the ages, and they are on the first floor of Sanchu (Location: Wuhan City, Hubei Province. Works involved: "Yellow Crane Tower")

3. Red Cliff:

Bronze and iron plates, the moon and stars are few and far between as the river goes to the east, and the crows fly south (Location: Huangzhou, Hubei Province. Works involved: "Red Cliff")

4. Lugou Bridge:

Ten miles of spring breeze, two thousand-year-old moons on Chang'an Road, Yongding One Bridge (Location: Yongding River in Beijing. Works involved: "Chinese Stone Arch Bridge") 5.

Flying Peak:

The vulture disappears into the clouds and strange peaks fly from the sky (Location: Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Works involved: "Climbing Feilai Peak")

6. Yueyang Tower:

Surrounded by lakes and mountains, thousands of families are filled with joy and sorrow (Location: Yueyang City, Hunan. Works involved: "Yueyang Tower")

7. West Lake:

The waves surge into the lake and the light is far away

The mountains stimulate the water and the color is deep (Location: Hangzhou, Zhejiang. Works involved: "Two Travel Notes on the West Lake")

8. Peach Blossom Spring Mountain:

Where did this desperate situation come from? The territory was not originally the land of the Liu family

Don’t ask if you avoid Qin Dynasty. The family belongs to the Jin Dynasty ( Location: Taoyuan County, Hunan (Involved works: "The Story of Peach Blossom Spring")

9. Drunkard Pavilion:

Eight hundred years after the old man passed away, the drunken hometown is still there

Six or seven miles into the mountain, there are many pavilions and shadows (Location: Chu County, Anhui Province.

Works involved: "The Drunkard's Pavilion")

10. Hanshan Temple:

Jiang Feng's fishing fire, the resort has returned, and it has become the same as Guoqing Temple, and the bells can still be heard in the middle of the night

Wearing wooden clogs and birch crowns, looking up to the sky and laughing wildly, there are the wonderful truths of the Hanshan Collection, and the poems will remain in Wuzhong

(Location: Suzhou, Jiangsu. Works involved: "Night Mooring on the Maple Bridge")

12. Stork Tower:

Who would have known that I would go up to the next floor after reaching a thousand miles away (Location: Yongji County, Shanxi Province. Works involved: "Climbing the Stork Tower" )

Classroom exercises:

Some idioms are completely different or similar in meaning, and are structurally dual to each other, making them very interesting four-character pairs. Students may wish to try

Practice.

It is more than enough for Jingwei to fill up the sea and rely on human power to abandon the secret and betray the enemy.

Without a complete book, the situation is even worse. (1)

1. Couplets of places of interest and historical sites often contain the essence of traditional Chinese culture. Based on the content of the following couplets, contact the poems and articles you have learned, and write the corresponding places of interest in brackets

:

①The yellow crane occasionally rides the moon across the sea, and the white clouds often bring the autumn of Chujiang. ( )

② I am a fairy who dreams of swallowing clouds, and I can see all kinds of things when I climb the tower. ( )

③The sky is so high when you look around at the vast desolate landscape. It’s enough to see all the mountains at a glance. ( )

2. Liu Zongyuan used the scenery of Xiaoshitan to express his depression after being demoted. There are many famous classical Chinese works like this that use scenes to express emotions.

Please contact one of the chapters of "The Drunkard's Pavilion", "The Story of Yueyang Tower" and "The Story of Peach Blossom Spring". Take "The little stone pond is cold and quiet" as the top sentence.

Write the next sentence to make it Become a set of couplets.

The first couplet: Xiaoshitan is cold and quiet. The second couplet:

3. The language form of "The Drunken Old Pavilion" is beautiful, especially the couplets that fully reflect the beauty of the Chinese language. Please use "Ouyang Xiu and the common people to enjoy themselves" as the first couplet, and connect it with the article "Yueyang Tower" to draft a second couplet.

First couplet: Ouyang Xiu is happy with the people. Second couplet:

4. Read the following news and summarize the main content of the news in the form of couplets.

On September 14th, Beijing time, the first round of Group E of the UEFA Champions League group stage ended. Real Madrid visited the Gerland Stadium and suffered another humiliation, defeating Lyon 0-2, continuing their embarrassing record of losing against Lyon. They lost all three games in the past three visits to France. Manchester United defeated Celtic 3-2 at Old Trafford.

Rufford. In the first half, Heiselink took the lead for Celtic. Manchester United took the lead to 2-1 with Saha's two goals, but Nakamura Shunsuke's free kick helped. The Celtics tied the score at 2-2. In the end, Solskjaer's goal helped Manchester United seal the victory.

5. The road in front of the school has been repaired. Please write a couplet slogan as a warning.

6. Today is Grandpa Xiao Ming’s sixtieth birthday. Please write a birthday couplet as a congratulatory gift.

7. Please write a self-encouragement couplet with the topics of "determination" and "persistence" respectively.

8. Point out the characters praised by the following couplets respectively.

A. The great achievement of the cluster of saints, vibrating jade and sounding gold, connecting the world at home and abroad; setting up a teacher for all generations, retaining the spirit of transcendence, and uniting the universe with virtue.

B. Wherever the souls are summoned, the fragrant grass still grows in the land of three households; in those days, Xiangliu should know the heart of Jiuge when he was touching the wall.

C. Those who are determined will achieve their goals, and the cauldron will sink the boat. One hundred and two Qin passes will eventually belong to Chu; people and nature will not be disappointed with their hard work, and they will eat their courage while lying on the salary. Three thousand Yuejia can swallow Wu.

D. Unparalleled in poetry and wine in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, No. 1 in Qinglian Literature Garden

9. During the summer vacation, Wang Lin went south from Shijiazhuang and visited Qufu Confucius Temple and Suzhou Huqiu Baigong Temple. , Du Fu Thatched Cottage, Chengdu.

Can you point out which ancient sites the three couplets he copied came from?

(1) On poets in the Tang Dynasty, far away from Li and Du, there are only a few articles about New Yuefu

Suzhou has a history of being a governor, and there are still three temples and old ancestral halls on the edge of lakes and mountains

(2) There are thousands of words in the history of poetry. In autumn, Mr. Hu’s bone thatched cottage is three to five miles away. In the spring water, gulls flock to the wild old heart.

(3) The article about Surabaya shines on the sun and the moon, and the ritual music in the apricot altar crowns Huayi

10. In Xiaogang’s notebook, there is such a Spring Festival couplet. It can be seen literally that it is the Spring Festival couplet for the zodiac year.

With each passing day, the rooster goes away, the country is peaceful and the people are peaceful, the jade dog comes

11. There is a couplet whose sentence order and structure have been disrupted. Try to arrange it in the correct order.

The founder of humanities determined the Chinese bloodline. It has a long history. Fifty years of prosperity. The world has returned to its heart. Five thousand years of civilization. The Chinese people long for peaceful reunification.

12. Read the following news and answer the questions as required.

"Chengdu Business Daily" reported: Yesterday, Yan Changsong, the person in charge of a teahouse on Xinhong Road, Chengdu, wrote a palindrome couplet dedicated to teachers all over the world,

and specially invited the 93-year-old Mr. Ma Shitu wrote couplets. Yan Changsong said that from now on, he is soliciting the second couplet, and the winner will be awarded a cash prize of 30,000 yuan within one month. This palindrome couplet reads: "A good teacher teaches students well, a student teaches well," and the palindrome is "Learn well, students learn well, students learn well, and teachers teach well." Yan Changsong said that he spent several months imagining this and found Mr. Ma Shitu to write it. He planned to dedicate it to teachers all over the world and wish them a happy holiday. He said that from now on, the second couplet will be solicited, and those who submit it within one month will be rewarded with 30,000 yuan, and those who submit it within three months will be rewarded with 10,000 yuan.

(1) What is the beauty of the first couplet? Why is it so difficult?

(2) Try your skills and write a second line.

13. "Couplets looking for relatives". The following are four complete couplets, but they are lost. Please connect them with threads to make them complete again.

A. When the rain drops, there are thousands of red peach trees. a. The mountains are quiet and there is no one, and the water flows by itself

B. There are bamboos in the pavilion, and spring is always there. b. The spring breeze blows the green willows and thousands of branches

C. Unexpectedly, the spring flowers are half exposed c. Thousands of lights in the night market illuminate the blue clouds

D. A bright moon hangs in a mirror in the clear sky d. In leisure time, the spring scenery is full of swallows flying together

14. Close to the people When Party Chairman James Soong led a mainland visiting delegation to pay homage to the Yellow Emperor's Mausoleum, he said, "The descendants of the Yan and Huang emperors will never forget their roots, and peace on both sides of the Taiwan Straits will lead to one family." This succinct and concise expression of the unified voice of the descendants of the Yan and Huang emperors on both sides of the Taiwan Strait aroused the nostalgia of many people. . Based on the content expressed in the first couplet below, please write (or rewrite) the famous sentences you have accumulated in daily life and match them with the second couplet.

First couplet: The young boy left home and became a stranger. Second couplet: ____________________________

15. Based on the following language materials, use duality knowledge to formulate the second couplet.

In spring, the lake is full and the sky is the same color. Boats sailing in the lake feel like they are sailing in the sky. In autumn, the mountains are colorful and the mountain scenery is picturesque. People traveling in the mountains feel like they are walking in a painting.

First couplet: Spring water boats are like sitting in the sky. Couplet: ____________________________ Special practice on couplets (2)

1. Please write down the character praised by one of the couplets, and related idioms or verse.

(1) Two tables pay three visits, and one pair is worth a thousand years.

The related idiom or verse that praises _________ is _________

(2) Drinking wine among the flowers, on the needle-grinding stone; leaning on the sword in the sky, hanging the bow and fusang.

The idiom or verse that praises _________ is _________

(3) The righteousness still lingers in the sky and the earth, and the loyal heart shines through the past and present.

The idiom or verse related to _________ is _________

2. There is a couplet in the Pipa Pavilion in Wushan, Fuzhou. The first couplet is: One ball of flowing water and one ball of the moon. .

The sentence below that is most suitable as the second line is ( )

A. Half into the river wind and half into the clouds B. When the moon is completely cool C. The bright moon in two parts is full of plum blossoms D. The drizzle in March is charming in spring

3. Based on the content of the following couplets, contact the ancient poems and articles you have learned, and write the corresponding places of interest in brackets.

(1) The Yellow Crane occasionally rides on the moon and white clouds to bring the Chu River to Autumn ( )

(2) I am a fairy who swallows clouds and dreams of climbing up the tower eight or nine times to see the myriad things. Thousands ( )

(3) Looking around, the desolate sky is so high, and you can see all the mountains at a glance. It’s enough for the villain to laugh at you ( )

4. Delete the second couplet of the following couplet so that it neatly contrasts with the first couplet.

First couplet: The world is like a chess game, I will not lose if I make a move. Second couplet: My heart is like the ocean, I can accept all rivers and tolerate others

Deleted second couplet:

5. Classify the following couplets and fill in the corresponding serial numbers in brackets.

① The east wind blows away the green mountains, and the spring rain brings new things to all things ( )

② The deceased has grown up, but he can extend the will of the people and the power of the country in death, but he will not die!

What are you born for? Born to be a slave is a cow or a horse, and a slave is born to be a slave! ( )

③ Seek overseas collections from far away, and quickly read books that have never been seen in the world ( )

④ The seas and rocks are broken and we are united forever, the earth is vast and the sky is high, and our wings are flying together ( )

A Spring Festival couplets B. Marriage couple C. Elegiac couplet D. Industry Couplets

7. The following are four complete couplets, but they are lost. Please fill in the letter codes in brackets to form a complete couplet.

A. When the rain drops, hearts drop on thousands of trees ( ) B． There are bamboos in the pavilion and spring is always there ( )

C. Unintentionally, the flowers are half exposed in the east wind ( ) D. A bright moon hangs in a mirror in the clear sky ( )

a. The mountains are quiet and there is no one, and the water flows by itself b. The spring breeze blows thousands of green willow branches c. Thousands of lights in the night market illuminate the blue clouds d. In leisure time, the spring scenery and swallows fly together

8. The most appropriate choice for the first couplet of this couplet is "Eight hundred miles of Dongting and the magnificence of Yueyang". The most appropriate one is ( )

A ． Five thousand years of prosperity and peace today B. Watching the Yellow Crane at Red Cliff for Two Thousand Years

C． Ninety Thousand Miles of China Creates a Splendid Future D． 1.3 billion Yao and Shun built the ancient civilization

9. Based on the following language materials, use duality knowledge to formulate the second couplet.

In spring, the lake is full and the sky is the same color. Boats sailing in the lake feel like they are in the sky. In autumn, the mountains are colorful and the mountain scenery is picturesque. People traveling in the mountains feel like they are in a painting. The first line is: Spring water boats are moving upward like the sky; the second line is: ____________________.

10. The couplets at the neighbor's Aunt Wang's house were pasted backwards: "Two or three blasts of firecrackers mark the end of the year" were pasted on the left, and "Everyone is spring when plum blossoms reach four or five" were pasted on the right. Please explain it to her in appropriate language based on the relevant knowledge of the couplet. Write what you want to say below. Relevant knowledge: In the first line, the last word is in oblique rhyme (usually the third and fourth tones), and is pasted on the right; in the second line, the last word is in flat rhyme (usually in the first and second tones), and is pasted on the left.

Reference answers

1. Yellow Crane Tower, Yueyang Tower, Mount Tai

2. Langya Mountain is awe-inspiring, deep and beautiful, the Yueyang Tower is majestic, the Peach Blossom Spring is peaceful and tranquil

3. Fan Zhongyan is the worry of the world

4. Real Madrid is humiliated and Manchester United triumphs

5. Such as; safety is at your feet and life is in your hands.

6. For example: longevity is lucky to meet a good society, old age is all due to New China/Physical fitness strengthens the longevity domain, Sun Xianzi spends his old age happily/Life is as old as the pines in the southern mountains, and blessings are as long as the sea water in the east

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7. Determination: The sea of ??learning is boundless and diligence leads to the shore. The journey has a road and ambition is the ladder. Perseverance: Walk a thousand miles, without fear of dangers and obstacles, dare to be the first to be courageous; Walk through all difficulties, without fear of hardship, just pursue perseverance as the basis / The rope saw will not stop, the wood will be broken, and the water drop will not stop, the stone will penetrate.

8. Confucius, Qu Yuan, Xiang Yu, Gou Jian and Li Bai

9. (1) Baigong Temple in Huqiu, Suzhou (2) Du Fu Thatched Cottage in Chengdu, Sichuan (3) Confucius Temple in Qufu

10. Dog

11. Five thousand years of civilization, the ancestor of humanities determined the Chinese bloodline, which has a long history; fifty years of prosperity, the Chinese people hope for peaceful reunification and the return of the world

12. (1) The beauty of this couplet is that there are two polyphonic words "jiao" and "hao". These two words appear many times in the couplet, and both sounds are used. It is also a palindrome couplet. Even if the words can match up, the meanings must be connected, so it is quite difficult to match the second couplet. (2) A little bit

13. A-b B-a C-d D--c

14. A wide pair is enough, for example: "The local pronunciation has been changed to Guiren" "I miss my family even more during the festive season", "The local pronunciation has not changed, the hair on the temples has faded", etc. are also acceptable.

15. People in the autumn colors are like people in the middle of a painting.

16. Examples: ① Tian Shiguo dedicated his filial piety to his mother’s kidney transplant ② Yuan Longping, the father of Tianchou Rice, who was indifferent to fame and fortune ③ realized the 20-year expectation for the Chinese women’s volleyball team to come back again Carrying laurels.

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