The main contents of "Remember Jinhua's Double Dragon Cave"

On April 14, I was in Jinhua, Zhejiang, visiting Shuanglong Cave in Beishan.

It was about five kilometers from Jinhua City to Luodian. After passing Luodian, we gradually entered the mountains. The road was winding. Up above, the mountains are full of azaleas. Both the flowers and leaves are more lively than those in pots. The tung trees are also blooming, with clusters here and clusters there. There are many on the mountain. The sandy soil on the mountain is pink, which does not seem to be seen elsewhere. I have seen pink mountains, various colors of azalea, and thick or light new green, and the eyes are bright and beautiful.

All the way to the stream. With the mountain top, the stream is sometimes wide and sometimes narrow. Sometimes it's slow, sometimes it's fast, and the sound of the stream changes from time to time. About five kilometers into the mountain, you come to the entrance of Shuanglong Cave, where the stream comes out of the cave.

Looking up from the entrance of the cave, the mountain is quite high and abrupt ( wù) is lush and imposing. The entrance of the cave is like a bridge and very wide. When you walk in, you feel like you are in a great hall, surrounded by stone walls and a high stone roof above your head. There are a thousand or eight hundred people gathered there. You won’t feel crowded when you have a meeting. The spring water flows out to the right of the cave entrance. This is the outer cave.

Looking for the source of the spring water in the outer cave, it turns out that it flows out from the hole under the stone wall on the left. Although It is a hole, but it can accommodate a small boat. How small is it? Two people can lie on their backs side by side. It is just right. There is no room for a third person. It is such a small boat. There are ropes tied to both ends of the boat. The management office The workers first went into the inner cave and pulled the rope inside, and the boat went in. The workers outside the cave pulled the rope at the other end, and the boat came out. With curiosity, I lay on my back in the boat alone, thinking that from the back of my head to the back of my shoulder , to the buttocks, to the heels, there was no place that was not close to the bottom of the boat. I just said "Okay" and the boat moved slowly. My eyes were dim, but I could still feel that the rocks on the left, right and above seemed to be squeezing towards me. Come here. I felt that if I raised my head a little, I would definitely break my forehead and bruise my nose. After walking about two or three feet of water, I landed and reached the inner cave.

The inner cave was pitch black and nothing could be seen. Although the workers held oil lamps, they could only see a small area. The rest of the cave was completely dark, and they didn’t know how wide it was. The workers held up the gasoline lamps high, one by one. He pointed at the scenery in the cave. First of all, of course, there were the two dragons winding on the top of the cave, a yellow dragon and a green dragon. I followed his instructions and looked a bit like them. Secondly, there were some stalactites and stalagmites. What is this and what is that? , most of them are imagined as gods or animals with palaces and utensils based on their shapes, and there are more than 40 names. These stalactites and stalagmites have various shapes and different colors. Even if they are nothing special, they are worth watching.< /p>

After walking around in the cave, I felt that the inner cave was much larger than the outer cave, about the size of a dozen houses. The spring water flowed slowly to the right, with a gentle sound. In the dark cave, I waited in line, then lay on my back in the boat, and got out of the cave.

[Edit this paragraph] Lesson plan

1. Analysis of teaching materials

This is a travel note, describing the author’s visit to Jinhua Shuanglong Cave. It is described in the order of the tour. First, he writes about the beautiful scenery seen along the way; then he writes about the entrance of the outer cave. , outer hole; then write about the pore; finally write about the inner hole.

(2) Central idea

During the tour, he expressed the author’s thoughts and feelings of loving the beautiful mountains and rivers of the motherland, and inspired students to The love for the beautiful rivers and mountains of the motherland.

(3) Article structure

The full text can be divided into four paragraphs according to the order of tour:

The first paragraph (section 1) ), explaining the time when the author visited Jinhua Shuanglong Cave and the location of Shuanglong Cave.

The second paragraph (sections 2 and 3), the author starts from Jinhua City, passes through Luodian, and gradually enters the mountains. Along the way The places you passed and the scenery you saw. Write the mountains first, then the streams, and finally use "The stream comes out of the cave" to introduce the key point of the description, Shuanglong Cave.

The third paragraph (4, 4) Sections 5, 6, and 7), write about the author's visit to the outer cave, the pore, and the inner cave respectively.

Section 4 first writes about the feelings of viewing the mountain at the entrance of the cave, and then describes the outer cave in detail, and writes about the outer cave. The cave entrance is "wide" and the inside is "big". Finally, the spring water is mentioned, explaining the flow direction of the spring water. The spring water flows outward on the right side of the cave entrance, which is the outer cave.

Section 5 writes

The author enters the inner cave from the outer cave through the pore. This section is written in great detail and can be divided into five layers:

The first layer describes the origin of the spring water, continuing the above, natural transition, and leading to Next, the second layer introduces the size of the pores through which the spring water flows. The third layer describes the shape of the boat, so that people have a clear understanding of the short and narrow pores. The fourth layer introduces the method of entering the inner hole through the pores. The fifth layer The story describes the feeling of passing through the pore and entering the inner hole. First, the author writes about the mood and preparations made before passing through the pore, and then writes about the author's feeling when passing through the pore. Reading it makes people feel immersed in it.

Sections 6 and 7 write about the scene when the author visited the inner cave. This part is the focus of the article and can be divided into four levels:

The first layer writes "black" and "inner cave" "Pitch black". On the second layer, write "odd". Through the gasoline light, the first thing you see is "Double dragons winding on the roof of the cave". The second thing you see are some "stalactites and stalagmites". On the third layer, write " "Big". "The inner cave is much larger than the outer cave, about as big as a ten-foot house." The fourth floor writes the "source" of the water. "The upper source is in the deep black cave", indicating the origin of the spring water. It points out that Shuanglong Cave has reached its end. This paragraph mainly describes the three characteristics of the inner cave: "black", "strange" and "big".

The fourth paragraph (section 8), writes about the cave, The article ends naturally.

This article has clear paragraphs and clear organization. First, the paragraphs are divided according to the order of tour; second, there is another water line connecting the full text, so there are two lines: the tour line and The waterline runs through the whole text at the same time.

When dividing the text into paragraphs, if some students regard section 4 as the third paragraph, section 5 as the fourth paragraph, sections 6 and 7 as the fifth paragraph, that is to say, the whole text It is also possible to divide it into six sections.

(4) Language factors

"The mountains are full of azaleas. Both flowers and leaves are more energetic than potted plants." This is A comparative sentence is to compare the azaleas blooming all over the mountain with the potted azaleas. The result of the comparison is that the azaleas on the mountain are "spirited". "Spiritual" originally describes people, but it is borrowed here to describe the good growth of flowers. Potted azaleas are also azaleas, so why can’t they compare to those that bloom on the mountain? The azaleas on the mountain have deep roots and lush leaves, bathed in the sunshine and rain of nature. The plants are tall and have large and numerous flowers. The artificially cultivated potted plants are delicate but not strong, compared to the ones on the mountain. The azalea appears inferior.

"Following the stream all the way, with the mountain topography, the stream is sometimes wide, sometimes narrow, sometimes slow, sometimes urgent, and the sound of the stream also changes its tone from time to time." This is a cause and effect sentence. Sentence structure, the flow surface, flow speed, and flow sound of the stream are all related to the mountain topography. Please see the following sentence analysis.

"First of all, of course, there are the two dragons meandering on the top of the cave, a yellow dragon and a green dragon. I followed his instructions and it looked a bit like..." Why "first of all, of course" is the double dragons snaking on the top of the cave, because it is the main attraction of Shuanglong Cave, and Shuanglong Cave is named after it. Of course, there are many scenery in the inner cave. Let’s look at the two dragons first. Why did Mr. Ye say they are somewhat similar after reading it? So are they similar or not? The two dragons are winding on the top of the cave, which is a dynamic description. They are coiled there, with teeth and claws showing, as if they are about to take off. Plus The lights are flickering and the water vapor in the cave is steaming. It really looks like two dragons about to take flight. But because the two dragons are naturally formed from stone stalactites and have not been artificially carved, Mr. Ye said they are somewhat similar, so he still confirmed the resemblance.

(5) Word explanation

Buttocks: the part of the back of the human body where the upper ends of the two strands are close to the waist.

Meandering: originally refers to the way a snake crawls. The text refers to The stone dragon on the roof of the cave is curved.

Bright: This lesson refers to bright and bright colors.

Porosity: Originally refers to small cracks. This lesson refers to the ability to pass through a The small hole in the boat.

Sometimes: adverb. It means recurring from time to time, sometimes.

Winding up: winding, winding around. The text refers to the road winding around the mountain, It leads to the mountain in a circle.

Abrupt and forested: Describes the mountain is high and steep, and the trees are lush. It is abrupt and high. It is lush and forested.

Go to: Text As a quantifier in the middle. A bungalow is divided into several rows in the front and back, and each row is called an entrance. The text says that the inner cave is as big as a dozen houses, that is, as big as a dozen rows of houses.

(6) Features of writing

Sentences describing scenery in the text

Zi uses contrast, metaphor, and exaggeration techniques to guide students to carefully appreciate and experience. For example, "It's dark in front of my eyes, but I can still feel that the rocks on the left, right and above are squeezing towards me. I feel like I have to move my head a little." If you raise it even a little, you will definitely break your forehead and scratch your nose." Through the description of psychological activities, the author vividly reflects the strange scene of the low and narrow entrance to the inner cave of Shuanglong Cave.

The text is written according to two clues. One is the order of the author's tour, grasping the characteristics of the scenery. It is a clue of "shun"; the other is the origin of springs and streams, which is a clue of "reverse". The two clues are clever The ground is intertwined, which not only makes the context of the full text clear, but also makes the position, direction of things, and the moving clues and angles of the author's observation very clear.

(7) Analysis of key points and difficulties in teaching

Teaching focus, pores and inner caves are important landscapes of Shuanglong Cave. When studying the section of "pores", students should be guided to understand its "short", "narrow" and "dangerous". Passing through pores is dangerous but not dangerous, so There are surprises in the danger and fun in the wonders, and the focus is on experiencing the mood. The inner cave has two focuses: one is the double dragon, and the other is the wonders in the cave composed of stalactites and stalagmites of various shapes and colors. Students should be guided to fully understand the wonders in the cave. Use imagination to activate their thinking.

Difficulty: There are several difficult sentences in the text, and students should be guided to understand their connotations. This has been covered in the textbook analysis.

2. Teaching requirements

1. Make students understand that the text describes what the author saw and heard during his visit to Shuanglong Cave in the order of the tour, and inspire students to love the beautiful mountains and rivers of the motherland.

2. Learn how to write about scenery by grasping its characteristics, and cultivate students’ ability to observe things around them and describe things in an orderly manner.

3. Divide the text into paragraphs according to spatial order and summarize the meaning of the paragraphs.

4. Learn new words and be able to use "slightly" and "curiosity" to make sentences.

5. Understand the transitional role of some sentences in articles.

3. Lesson Plan

(1) Lesson Content Arrangement

First Lesson: Explain the question, introduce the author, read through the text, and learn new words to divide into paragraphs.

Second Lesson : Learn the content of the text, interpret sentences, and understand the writing method of the text.

(2) Lesson Plans

Requirements for the first lesson: Interpret the questions, know the author, and understand the clues to the division of travel notes. Self-study new words in this lesson.

The requirements for the second lesson: read the text, master the characteristics of the scenery, understand difficult sentences, and learn the writing method of this lesson.

Four , Teaching Tips

1. Almost all students have never been to a cave. School teachers who have the conditions must play the video tapes. If you don’t have the conditions, you can also watch the slides. If you don’t have the conditions, the teachers can collect Pictures for students to look at. In short, there should be perceptual materials for viewing.

2. When writing about the scenery along the Shuanglong Cave, students should understand its role in the full text. Otherwise, when students write travel notes, they will see what they saw earlier Listing all the scenery one by one will overwhelm the guest and overwhelm the guest with priority.

3. After studying this lesson, the teacher will organize a tour for the students, which can be done at a close distance so that students can grasp the characteristics of the scenery and follow the tour. Write a travel note in sequence.

5. Introduction to the author

Ye Shengtao (1894-1988), formerly known as Ye Shaojun, was born in Guanxian County, Jiangsu Province. He began to create during the "May Fourth Movement" period. He has many works, and his famous short stories include "The Separation" and "In the City", the novel "Ni Huanzhi", the fairy tale collection "Scarecrow", etc. In 1957, when he was in his 60s, he visited the Shuanglong Cave and Curling Cave in Jinhua and wrote I wrote the travel note "Two Caves in Jinhua". This article is an excerpt from this travel note, and was slightly edited during the excerpt. The original text is now included in Ye Shengtao's collection of essays "Ten Notes".