Green steel structure building?

steel structure has been reasonably and rapidly applied in construction engineering because of its light weight, high strength, strong earthquake resistance, sound insulation, thermal insulation and good comfort, and its application marks the development of construction industry. With the development of social economy and the improvement of science and technology in China, the production of steel structure has also achieved a qualitative leap. Steel structure has the conditions of green building, which is beneficial to protecting the environment and saving energy. It conforms to the development of the times and the needs of the market, and is gradually becoming the mainstream of architecture in China, which also lays a solid foundation for the full realization of housing industrialization as soon as possible.

first, the advantages of steel structure and the inevitability of its application

steel structure residence refers to the residence with steel structure as the main load-bearing structure and light building wall materials as the enclosure structure. As the main representative of green building, steel structure residence has excellent properties such as light weight, fast construction speed, good performance, energy saving, material saving, water saving, land saving and earthquake resistance. Usually, various building components are made of steel, such as steel beams, steel columns, steel trusses, etc., and they are assembled into a complete structural system by welding seams, bolts or rivets, and then they are built with new materials such as lightweight wallboard or energy-saving bricks as peripheral walls. At present, the state strongly advocates the development of energy-saving and land-saving housing and the promotion of housing industrialization. Especially in some large and medium-sized cities, it is more necessary to solve the actual situation of land and money and meet people's higher requirements for living space and living environment. People pay more and more attention to the aesthetics of buildings and the uniqueness of layout while pursuing comfort. In addition, low-carbon economy has become a new trend of global economic development, and it is also highly valued in China. To sum up, under such a big background and situation, steel structures have emerged and been widely used because of their unique advantages. At the same time, it is the best choice to use steel structures to realize special-shaped buildings through flexible design. The steel structure building has high bearing capacity, good tightness, less materials than the traditional structure, easy to dismantle and high recovery rate. In addition, the peripheral walls of this building are mostly made of environmental protection materials such as energy-saving bricks and fire-retardant coatings, which greatly reduces the high risk caused by steel pollution and conforms to the national policies of environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction. At the same time, the steel structure used in super-high-rise and super-long-span buildings conforms to the concept of sustainable development, which can alleviate the contradiction between large population and small land, expand people's living space and improve people's quality of life.

second, the concept of green construction. Building construction activities have destroyed the harmony and balance between the environment to a certain extent. In recent years, environmental protection, as a hot topic, runs through various industries, and the awareness of low-carbon and green environmental protection is constantly strengthened. It is required that every process of building formation, including building materials, building construction and building use, should reduce the use of fossil energy, improve energy efficiency and continuously reduce carbon dioxide emissions, which has gradually become the mainstream trend in the construction industry. As a green building steel structure, its construction process is more in line with the requirements of environmental protection. Compared with traditional construction activities, green construction is an integral part of the whole life cycle of green buildings, which was put forward with the popularization of the concept of green buildings. Green construction refers to the use of scientific management methods and advanced technology to save resources to the greatest extent, reduce the negative impact of construction activities on the environment, and meet the requirements of land-saving, energy-saving, water-saving, material-saving, environmental protection and comfort. Green construction, like green buildings, is based on the concept of sustainable development and is the embodiment of the concept of sustainable development in construction.

third, the steel structure building is suitable for green construction, which should be optimized on the basis of the design scheme, fully considering the requirements of green construction and combining the construction environment and conditions. Including the following links: construction planning, material procurement, on-site construction, project acceptance, etc., management and supervision should be strengthened at all stages to ensure the smooth progress of construction activities.

1. Qualification review examines the construction organization design of the site assembly, hoisting and installation of the construction unit, focusing on the lifting capacity of the construction hoisting machines and tools, construction technical measures, verticality control methods and roof truss shape control measures. Special hoisting methods should have detailed process plans. Review the welding procedure qualification report, welder qualification certificate and staff qualification certificate of the construction unit, including the welding joint form, welding method and material coverage, welding method, location and validity period of the welder qualification certificate in the welding procedure qualification report, all of which must meet the requirements of construction specifications, and it is strictly forbidden to work without a license. The welder must have a certificate of all-position welding.

2. Architectural design should emphasize "green conceptual design" in the whole process of steel structure design, which is especially important in the stage of structural selection and layout. In the design of steel structure, we should base on the design ideas obtained from the mechanical relationship between the whole structural system and the sub-system, earthquake damage, failure mechanism, experimental phenomena and engineering experience. For some problems that are difficult to make accurate and rational analysis or are not specified in the code, we should determine the layout and detailed measures of the control structure from the overall perspective. In addition, the structural layout should meet the requirements of green energy saving, low carbon and environmental protection and reasonable layout as far as possible in the design, and the elastic-plastic story displacement calculation should be made except for elastic design. During the design, according to the previous computer design program, all the components can be made and assembled in the later stage according to the production standards, and the design and production can be perfectly combined to enrich the architectural style and improve the construction efficiency.

3. Cost budget First of all, we should reduce material loss. It is necessary to ensure the effective use of various materials and put an end to the waste caused by unreasonable use of raw materials. Secondly, we should strengthen quota management. Before construction, the budget quota of each job and each part is calculated by the project budgeter, and then the professional builder assigns tasks to each construction team according to the budget quota, so that each staff member can understand the construction objectives, closely combine the economic benefits with the workers' labor, and fully mobilize the workers' labor enthusiasm.

4. construction methods in the installation and protection of steel structures, a scientific and effective guarantee system and operation specifications should be established. During construction, it is necessary to ensure that all steel members are installed, so that they have spatial rigidity and reliable stability. Before installation, the preparatory work should be fully done, including clearing the site, building roads, transporting components, placing components, stacking, assembling, reinforcing, checking and cleaning, marking lines and preparing hoisting machines and tools. In addition, the installation and measurement of steel structure is a key procedure in steel structure engineering, which is related to the quality of the whole project. The main contents of the survey are: re-survey of the foundation points handed over by civil engineering procedures and verticality control of steel columns after installation; Settlement observation.

5, safety management to carry out the national labor protection policy, strictly implement the relevant safety and civilized construction management system and regulations of construction enterprises. Clarify the responsibility for safety construction, implement the system of "whoever constructs is responsible for safety", and take responsibility from person to person, layer by layer, and effectively implement safety construction. Strengthen the publicity of safety construction, hang slogans and warning signs in a prominent position on the construction site to remind construction personnel; Construction personnel shall wear safety helmets when entering the construction site; Construction machines and tools, machinery should be checked routinely before use every day, especially wire ropes and safety belts should be checked once a week to ensure that they are in good condition.

6. Equipment selection The construction unit should try to choose high-performance, low-noise and low-pollution equipment. Standard separation facilities should be set between the construction area and the non-construction area. The hot water boilers used in the construction site must use clean fuel. Diesel impact pile drivers, vibrating pile drivers, rotary pile drivers and diesel generators are prohibited in urban areas (within 1 meters from residential areas). It is forbidden to knock on pipes and drill pipes to control high-noise pollution. Construction waste and lighting lamps should be comprehensively utilized.

7. Environmental protection In order to achieve the purpose of green construction, first of all, relevant procedures should be obtained according to the requirements of the planning department before the mobile home is built on site to ensure that the materials used to build the facilities meet the specifications. After the project is completed, a legally qualified demolition company should be selected to dismantle the temporary facilities. Secondly, the construction unit or the construction unit should take corresponding measures to block groundwater from entering the construction area and limit the construction precipitation. Finally, it is necessary to control the construction dust and maintain the harmony of the building environment. In addition to these, the construction unit should also do a good job in green transportation of muck, reduce sound and light emissions, and ensure that construction activities meet the requirements of green construction.

iv. energy-saving advantages of steel structure buildings

steel structure embodies unique advantages in building energy saving. Because it adopts new wall materials, it can at least achieve the goal of saving energy by more than 5%. At the same time, steel structure residence has the characteristics of high unit volume bearing capacity, convenient production and installation, short construction period, good seismic performance, easy reconstruction and demolition, high material recovery and reuse rate, and it is a "green industry" with harmonious and sustainable development between man and nature.

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