The development of modern quality management and the quality view of quality management experts

Development of modern quality management

Three stages of quality management development:

1. Quality inspection stage

Quality management of foremen in the early 20th century: quality management of inspectors; Taylor's scientific management movement: design, production and inspection are each handled by special personnel, forming a full-time inspection department. Backtracking test check.

2. Statistical quality control stage

1924 shewhart control chart; 1929 Luo Ming dodge sampling inspection method; 193 1 shewhart's economic control over the quality of industrial products; 194 1 turn 1942 American Z 1. 1 quality management guide; Control chart method for Z 1.2 data analysis; Z 1.3 Control chart method for quality management in production process.

The appearance of control chart is a sign that quality management has entered the inspection and prevention stage from pure retrospective testing, and it is also the beginning of forming an independent discipline.

3. Total quality management stage

System engineering concept: comprehensively analyze and study the quality problem as an organic whole, and implement the management of all staff, whole process and whole enterprise. (11950s)

Pay attention to human factors. (1960s)

Feigenbaum: Total Quality Management. (196 1 year)

From TQC (Total Quality Control) to TQM (Total Quality Management): It has evolved into a quality-centered, comprehensive and comprehensive management model and concept.

Total Quality Management (TQM): a quality-centered management method based on full participation, aiming at achieving long-term success by satisfying customers and benefiting relevant parties (owners, employees, suppliers, partners or society, etc.). ).

196 1 total quality management published by Dr. feigenbaum, USA: total quality management is to conduct market research, design, production and service at the most economical level, and at the same time consider the conditions that fully meet the needs of users, and form an effective system integrating quality development, quality maintenance and quality improvement activities in enterprises and business departments. This is the first time to put forward a brand-new viewpoint that the main task of quality management is to establish a quality management system, which is of epoch-making significance.

Quality view of quality management experts

1. shewhart's view of quality-the father of statistical quality control 1924 In May, shewhart put forward the world's first control chart, and published the landmark book "Economic Control of Product Manufacturing Quality" in 193 1 year, which comprehensively expounded the basic principles of quality control. Shewhart believes that the quality of products is not detected, but produced, and the focus of quality control should be placed on the manufacturing stage, and the post-inspection of quality management should be promoted to the pre-control.

The basic theory of control chart put forward by Dr. shewhart;

The fluctuation of (1) in all manufacturing processes has two components. The first component is the stable component caused by internal process (that is, accidental fluctuation), and the second component is the intermittent fluctuation (abnormal fluctuation) with identifiable causes.

(2) those abnormal fluctuations that can be identified can be found by effective methods and can be removed. But occasional fluctuations will not disappear unless the basic process is changed.

(3) The control chart based on 3σ limit can distinguish accidental fluctuation from abnormal fluctuation.

PDCA (Plan-Implement-Check-Deal) cycle was also put forward by shewhart, and was later adopted, publicized and popularized by Deming, so it was also called "pdsa". With the deepening of the concept of total quality management, this cycle has been widely used to continuously improve product quality and achieved good results.

2. Deming's concept of quality

1980, NBC's "Japan can, why can't we" program made Deming have a great influence; Key points: The reasons for low efficiency and poor quality mainly lie in the management system rather than employees.

Deming 14 principle:

(1) Establish a long-term goal of improving products and services;

(2) adopting new ideas;

(3) Stop relying on inspection to ensure quality;

(4) End the practice of selecting suppliers only by price;

(5) Continuously improve the production and service system;

(6) Developing on-the-job training by modern means;

(7) Give play to the guidance and help of supervisors;

(8) eliminate fear;

(9) Eliminate barriers between different departments;

(10) Cancel slogans, slogans and digital targets of ordinary employees;

(1 1) Avoid simply using quantitative quotas and indicators to assess employees;

(12) Remove the obstacles that affect the improvement of the work;

(13) Carry out the activities of strengthening education and self-improvement;

(14) Let everyone in the organization take action and realize the transformation.

3. Zhu Lan's concept of quality

195 1 quality control manual; 1999 The fifth edition was renamed as Zhu Lan Quality Manual; Quality point of view: quality comes from the needs of customers.

Zhu Lan Trilogy: Quality Planning, Quality Control and Quality Improvement.

4. Ishikawa Kaoru's quality concept

Inventive causality diagram; One of the founders of Japanese QC group; Quality view: generalized quality; Start with education and end with education; Full participation; Total quality management (cost, quantity and delivery time management); Japan's quality management is a revolution of management thought;

(1) quality first;

(2) consumer-oriented;

(3) The next process is the customer;

(4) Speak with data and facts;

(5) Respect for human management;

(6) Function management.