Where is Zhao Yiman from?

Zhao Yiman

Zhao Yiman (October 1905-August 1936), female, Han nationality, formerly known as Li Kuntai, also known as Li Yichao, known as Sister Li. A native of Baihua Town, Yibin County, Sichuan Province (now Baihua Town, Cuiping District, Sichuan Province). A member of the Communist Party of China and a national hero of the Anti-Japanese War, he studied at Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow and graduated from the sixth class of Whampoa Military Academy. Zhao Yiman served as the political commissar of the Second Regiment of the Third Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces in 1935. He was arrested and died in August 1936 during the struggle against the Japanese invaders. Zhao Yiman left a poem "Remembering the Riverside". There is a "Zhao Yiman Memorial Hall" in his hometown Yibin. Related movies include "Zhao Yiman" and "My Mother Zhao Yiman". In 2010, he was named one of the "100 Heroic Model Figures Who Made Outstanding Contributions to the Founding of New China".

Chinese name: Zhao Yiman

Alias: Formerly known as Li Kuntai, also known as Li Yichao

Nationality: Chinese

Ethnicity: Han

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Birthplace: Boyangxi Village, Baihua Township, northern Yibin County, Sichuan

Date of birth: October 27, 1905

Date of death: August 2, 1936

Occupation: Soldier

Graduation school: Huangpu Military Academy (sixth phase)

Main achievement: Leading the anti-Japanese activities in Northeast China

100th place One of the heroic model figures who made outstanding contributions to the founding of New China

Representative works: "Reminiscences on the Riverside" and "Suicide Note"

Character's Life

Early Experience

On October 27, 1905, Zhao Yiman was born into a feudal landlord family in Baiyangzui Village, northern Yibin County, Sichuan Province (now Yiman Village, Baihua Town, Cuiping District, Yibin City, Sichuan Province). His father, Li Hongxu, once donated money to become a "supervisor" and later taught himself Chinese medicine and treated doctors in the village. The mother, Lan Mingfu, took care of the housework and gave birth to six girls and three boys, making her number seven. In 1913, at the age of 8, Zhao Yiman entered a "private school" and achieved good results. In 1918, when he was 13 years old, his father passed away, leaving his eldest brother Li Xiru and sister-in-law Zhou Banghan in charge of the house.

In 1924, her eldest brother-in-law Zheng Youzhi (member of the first Sichuan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China) introduced her to join the Socialist Youth League.

On February 28, 1926, she was admitted to Yibin Girls' Middle School (now the No. 2 Middle School of Yibin City, Sichuan Province). While studying, she was elected as a member of the Standing Committee of the Girls' Middle School Student Union, Chief of the Communication Section, and Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Yibin Women's Federation. In the same year, when the Yibin special branch was established, she changed from a league member to a Communist Party member and served as the party secretary of the Yibin Women's Federation and the Student Federation.

Learning Communism

In May 1926, the first anniversary of the May 30th Movement, it was the climax of the boycott of foreign goods. In accordance with the instructions of the Communist Party of China, Zhao Yiman organized party members and league members to publicize among students to boycott British kerosene ships approaching the Yibin Pier. The students were subjected to armed suppression, which triggered city-wide strikes, market strikes, and class strikes. Joined the Communist Party of China in the summer of 1926. In October 1926, Zhao Yiman was admitted to Wuhan Huangpu Military Academy. In November, he entered Wuhan Central Military and Political School to study.

In September 1927, he went to study at Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow, Soviet Union.

After being ordered to return to China in the winter of 1928, Zhao Yiman successively engaged in secret work in Yichang, Shanghai, Jiangxi and other places. In April 1928, Zhao Yiman married Chen Dabang, a Hunan native. She became pregnant shortly after marriage. In November, Zhao Yiman returned to Shanghai. In December, he was sent to work in Yichang. I gave birth to a son in Yichang. Named "Ning'er".

In 1930, Zhao Yiman took his child back to Shanghai and fostered him in the home of Chen Dabang's eldest brother, Chen Yueyun.

Leading the Anti-Japanese Activities

After the September 18th Incident in 1931, he was transferred to the Northeast and led the workers' struggle in the Shenyang factory.

In 1932, Zhao Yiman served as Secretary and Organization Minister of the Manchuria Federation of Trade Unions.

In 1933, Zhao Yiman served as acting secretary of the Harbin Federation of Trade Unions. In April of the same year, he participated in and led the anti-Japanese strike of Harbin tram workers. In order to hide her identity, she pretended to be husband and wife with Lao Cao (Huang Weixin), the head of the Manchuria Federation of Trade Unions.

In the spring of 1934, Zhao Yiman served as a member of the Zhuhe Center County Committee and Secretary of the Tiebei District Committee of the Communist Party of China. He mobilized the masses and established peasant guerrillas to cooperate with the anti-Japanese troops. Later, he also served as the political commissar of the Second Regiment of the Third Army of the Northeast People's Revolutionary Army. He led his troops in the area east of Harbin and dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese and puppets.

In July, she went to the anti-Japanese guerrilla zone east of Harbin and served as a member of the Zhuhe Central County Party Committee and later as the secretary of the Zhuhe District Party Committee. She was once mistaken by the anti-Japanese soldiers for being the sister of Commander-in-Chief Zhao Shangzhi.

In the autumn of 1935, Zhao Yiman concurrently served as the political commissar of the Second Regiment of the First Division of the Third Army of the Northeast People's Revolutionary Army. The masses affectionately called her "Skinny Li" and "Sister Li", while the local soldiers called her " Our female political commissar.” The Japanese and puppet newspapers also marveled at this woman with a "red gun and white horse".

Captured and sacrificed

In November 1935, while fighting the Japanese army, Zhao Yiman was wounded in the leg while covering the troops and was captured in a coma. In order to obtain valuable information from Zhao Yiman, the Japanese army found a military doctor to perform simple treatment on his leg injury and then interrogated him overnight.

In prison, the Japanese used torture, but she did not reveal any information. Zhao Yiman endured the pain and angrily denounced various crimes committed by the Japanese army since they invaded China. Seeing that Zhao Yiman refused to give in, the Japanese army used a horse whip to stab the wound on his leg. Zhao Yiman, who was seriously injured, showed a Chinese's determination to defend the nation. He fainted several times from the pain, but still said unyieldingly: "My purpose, my doctrine, and my belief are to resist the Manchus and resist Japan." Not a word was said about the situation of the Anti-League.

On December 13, 1935, because Zhao Yiman suffered a serious leg injury and was in critical condition, the Japanese army sent her to Harbin Municipal Hospital for surveillance and treatment in order to obtain an important confession. While Zhao Yiman was hospitalized, she took advantage of various opportunities to educate police officer Dong Xianxun and female nurse Han Yongyi on anti-Japanese patriotism. The two educated people decided to help Zhao Yiman escape from the clutches of the Japanese army.

On June 28, 1936, Dong Xianxun and Han Yongyi carried Zhao Yiman out of the hospital and put him in a car hired in advance. After going around, Zhao Yiman arrived at the Jin family shack in Acheng County. Dong Xianxun's uncle's home. On June 30, 1936, Zhao Yiman was unfortunately overtaken by the Japanese army on his way to the anti-Japanese guerrilla zone and fell into the hands of the Japanese army again. After Zhao Yiman was brought back to Harbin, the Japanese military police subjected her to torture such as the tiger bench, feeding her with pepper water, and electrocution. But she remained unyielding and never revealed any truth. Knowing that they could not get any useful information from Zhao Yiman, the Japanese army decided to send her back to Zhuhe County to be executed for "display".

On August 1, 1936, the Japanese army took her to Zhuhe. On August 2, the Japanese army tied him to a cart and "paraded him through the streets" in Zhuhe County. At this time, before Zhao Yiman died, facing the enemy's butcher knife, she shouted the slogans "Down with Japanese imperialism" and "Long live the Communist Party of China". When Zhao Yiman walked to the center of the lawn outside Xiaobei Gate, several military police pointed their guns at her. A Japanese officer walked up to Zhao Yiman and asked, "Do you have anything else to say?" Zhao Yiman glared, handed the scroll in his hand over and said, "Pass these words to my son in my hometown!" The officer read the note and waved his hand to the soldiers and police. The evil bullet was shot into Zhao Yiman's body, and he died outside the Xiaobei Gate of Zhuhe County (now Shangzhi County, Heilongjiang Province). He was only 31 years old.

Personal works

"Reminiscing on the Riverside"

Zhao Yiman

Swears to be a person rather than a family,

Cross rivers and seas and travel to the ends of the earth.

If men are all good,

Why are women so bad?

I will cherish my new homeland without cherishing my head.

I am willing to fertilize China with my blood.

White mountains and black waters eliminate the enemy bandits,

Smiling at the flag as red as a flower.

An impassioned suicide note

When Zhao Yiman died generously, he left behind his expectations for his son: "Mom, I am really sorry that you failed to fulfill your educational responsibilities. Because my mother resolutely fought against the Manchus and resisted Japan, today has reached the eve of her death. I hope you, Ning'er, will grow up as soon as possible to comfort your underground mother! My mother died for the country!"

Character Evaluation

Nie Rongzhen commented on Zhao Yiman: "Comrade Zhao Yiman participated in the vigorous leadership of our party as early as the 1920s! She fought in the revolutionary struggle and sacrificed her most precious life for national liberation, showing the heroic spirit of the Chinese daughter and the noble quality of the Communist Party members. Her great heroic image and glorious achievements will always inspire the Chinese people to persevere. Forge ahead and strive for the liberation of all mankind! The anti-Japanese national hero Zhao Yiman will be immortal!"

Dong Biwu wrote a poem for Zhao Yiman: "The revolutionary tide is full of noise, and the children of Yibin are moving into the boudoir! .

How can we continue to live as usual? He rose up to join the army and changed his hairpin. Before the victory of the Northern Expedition was over, the traitors decided to rebel against the workers and peasants. The Japanese invaders were invited to Shandong, and the national crisis was forced to meet again. When traveling from north to south, the party ordered the emperor to do so, and he did not let go of his responsibilities due to illness. Workers and peasants must participate in liberation, and the anti-Japanese spearhead should be at the forefront. He failed to win the battle against the Japanese and was taken prisoner. He refused to give in and was severely tortured and scolded the enemy. Since we are good sons and daughters of China, the blood stains on the Pearl River will last forever. "

Chen Yi commented on Zhao Yiman: "Be born as a people's cadre and die as a revolutionary hero. Don't be humiliated in the face of the enemy, and always be remembered in the hearts of the people. "

Zhao Yiman is respected as the national soul of "White Mountains and Black Waters" by the people of Harbin, and the Party History Research Office of the Harbin Municipal Party Committee calls her "a female pioneer who will always be remembered by all people." "

Commemorative poems for future generations

Commemorative poems

Poems inscribed at Zhao Yiman Memorial Hall

"In deep memory of the anti-Japanese heroine——Zhao Yiman 》

Swearing to seek liberation for the nation, the battles in the White Mountains and Black Waters were fierce.

The country faced national calamity, and the mountains and rivers shattered the copper walls.

The Japanese pirates were killed with the roar of red spears. The white horse flutters to drive away the wolves.

The bones of the heroine are fragrant.

Guo Moruo sent a poem on April 9, 1962.

The heroine of Sichuan. A rich hero, the stone pillars still have traces of good jade.

The whole world sings of Zhao Yiman, and all people will always remember the female pioneer.

Youth has made the country strong, and the blue blood dyes the world red. /p>

The northeast and southwest raise their hands together, and the Pearl River will carry the east wind for hundreds of millions of years.

Yiman Street

In order to commemorate Zhao Yiman’s epic anti-Japanese deeds, Harbin City dedicated her to the city. A main street where the battle took place was named Yiman Street

The former residence of the character

Zhao Yiman's former residence is located in Baiyangzui, Yiman Village, Baihua Town, Yibin County, Sichuan Province. The Sanheyuan building composed of wing rooms is a building with a cantilevered roof and a civil structure. It has been designated as a cultural relic protection unit by the county, city and provincial people's governments.

The Zhao Yiman Memorial Hall is located in Sichuan. Cuiping Academy, Yibin City, was founded in May 1959. There are three exhibition halls in the memorial hall. There is a white marble statue of Zhao Yiman in the front of the hall. The first exhibition hall displays the inscriptions and inscriptions of party and state leaders such as Zhu De and Chen Yun. Zhao Yiman's chronology of major events, the second exhibition hall introduces Zhao Yiman's process of embarking on the road of revolution, and the third exhibition hall introduces Zhao Yiman's personal life experience

Family members

Husband Chen Dabang was a cadet at the Huangpu Military Academy. He studied in the Soviet Union and was familiar with the printing business. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as the head of the General Section of the Printing Bureau of the Head Office of the People's Bank of China. He was persecuted to death in 1966.

Son

Chen Yexian's nickname was Ning'er, who graduated from Renmin University of China in 1955 and the Department of Foreign Affairs of Renmin University of China in 1956. He was assigned to Beijing Industrial School as a political teacher and taught "Marxism." "Principles of Philosophy". He committed suicide at the age of 55 on August 15, 1982.

Film and TV image

Movies

●"Zhao Yiman"

The 1950 movie "Zhao Yiman" focused on the heroine Zhao Yiman's deeds of uniting and leading the masses to bravely fight against the Japanese army, and was unfortunately injured and arrested and died heroically, showing her unyielding national integrity.

●"My Mother Zhao Yiman"

The 2005 movie "My Mother Zhao Yiman" recalls a little-known story of Zhao Yiman's life from the perspective of a son. The spiritual dialogue of time and space runs throughout the film, making this tragic war story full of human glory

Stage play

●"Zhao Yiman"

Stage. The drama "Zhao Yiman" is directed by Tang Shan, the director of the Yibin Song and Dance Ensemble, and consists of four scenes: "Breaking through the Net", "Resisting Hatred Oil", "Resisting the Enemy in the Snow Sea" and "Heroic Sacrifice".

Drama

●"Zhao Yiman"

On August 19, 2016, to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the heroic death of the anti-Japanese heroine Zhao Yiman, it lasted for 3 years The elaborately produced large-scale drama "Zhao Yiman" premiered in Chengdu.