The fifth anti-encirclement campaign failed. Why did the Red Army March for a long time?

In order to get rid of the encirclement and pursuit of the Kuomintang army, the Red Army, the main force of the central government, was forced to implement a strategic shift, withdraw from the central base area and carry out the Long March.

1September 1933 to1summer 1934, the Red Army in the Central Soviet Area fought against "encirclement and suppression" for the fifth time. Because China's central leader Bo Gu Kailai and the military adviser Li De sent by * * * Production International (also known as Waffle, formerly known as Otto Braun, German * * * Production Party party member) first implemented the adventurist offensive strategy.

1In April, 934, the Central Red Army (10 was renamed the Red Army, 65438) fought a decisive battle with the Kuomintang army in Guangchang, Jiangxi, with serious losses and a critical situation. In July, the Revolutionary Military Commission of the Chinese Soviet Central Committee ordered the Seventh Army Corps of the Red Army to form an anti-Japanese advance team in the north, advance to the border of Fujian, Zhejiang, Anhui and Jiangxi, and establish a new Soviet area; Ordered the Sixth Army Corps of the Red Army to break through the Western Expedition from the Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet Area and develop guerrilla warfare in central Hunan.

The Central Revolutionary Military Commission sent two legions to the north and west respectively, aiming at mobilizing the Kuomintang "encirclement and suppression" army to relieve the pressure on the Central Soviet Area, but failed to achieve its goal. At the beginning of 10, Kuomintang troops attacked the central area of the Central Soviet Area and quickly occupied Xingguo, Ningdu and Shicheng. The Red Army's room for maneuver was even narrower, and it could not break the "encirclement and suppression" of the Kuomintang troops in the Soviet area, so it was forced to withdraw from the Soviet area and carry out the Long March.

Extended data:

1934 10 After the Central Red Army (that is, the Red Army) began to implement the strategic shift, the instructions and orders issued by the Central Committee, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission and the General Political Department of the Red Army did not call this action the "Long March", but called it "breakthrough", "counterattack" and "westward advance". In June of the same year, 5438+065438+ 10, when Wang Ming, head of the international delegation of China * * *, made a report to all the staff of the China Department of the Soviet Foreign Workers Publishing House, he called the Northern Expedition of the Red 7 Army Corps and the Western Expedition of the Red 6 Army the "Long March", which is the earliest concept known at present.

1On February 23rd, 935, the General Political Department of the Red Army called the strategic shift of the Central Red Army the "Long March" for the first time in the book Report to Workers and Peasants in Northern Guizhou. In May, Zhu De praised the "Long March of the Chinese Red Army" and put forward the concept of "Long March" for the first time. With the continuous increase of the mileage of the Long March of the Central Red Army, the attributive of "Long March" has gradually increased from "Wan Li".

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Long March