Public service announcements and pictures about the Yellow River

1. The fifth longest river in the world

The Yellow River, the fifth longest river in the world, is a 5,464-kilometer-long river that meanders in northern China. Viewed from a high altitude, it looks like a huge "ji", and it is also the unique totem of our nation.

2. Characteristics of the Yellow River

It is not just a big river. The Yellow River, the yellow soil, the emperor, and the yellow skin, all these yellow symbols sublimate this turbid current flowing through the heart of China into a holy river. "Han Shu." The Yellow River is regarded as the first among hundreds of rivers in the "Gou Xiu Zhi": "There are hundreds of sources of rivers in China, none of them are located in the four rivers, but the river is the ancestor."

This is an unparalleled piece of loess with a vast area. It covers an area of ??410,000 square kilometers, and the loess coverage thickness is generally more than 100 meters. In places such as Longdong, Shaanxi, and western Shanxi, the loess is 100 to 200 meters deep, and in Lanzhou it is more than 300 meters thick.

This is an unparalleled piece of loess, covering an area of ??410,000 square kilometers, and the loess coverage thickness is generally more than 100 meters. In places such as Longdong, Shaanxi, and western Shanxi, the loess is 100 to 200 meters deep, and in Lanzhou it is more than 300 meters thick.

18. The vegetation on the Loess Plateau has been destroyed, and the ecological environment is not what it used to be.

Walking on the wilderness we call the Loess Plateau today, you can see rugged, cracked, and fragmented loess. , there are no trees, or even grass. How many people have deeply lamented: How could the ancestors of mankind produce such a splendid civilization in such a harsh natural environment?

What they don’t realize is that green was the dominant color here until 6,000 years ago, when the forest coverage rate here was as high as 69%.

Twenty-one, two breaches in three years, a major change of course in a century

The Yellow River became violent day by day, "two breaches in three years, a major change of course once in a century", the mother river finally became " China's worries". The fight against floods in the Yellow River has become a top priority for life and death in the Central Plains.

A big river that runs from top to bottom.

WEAccording to 1997 statistics, the population of the Yellow River Basin was 107 million, accounting for 8.6% of the country’s total; the cultivated land area of ??the Yellow River Basin was 189 million acres, accounting for 13.3% of the country’s total. ; Among them, the irrigated area is 75.9 million acres, accounting for 9.7% of the country; the GDP of the Yellow River Basin is 484.2 billion yuan, and the total industrial output value is 601.5 billion yuan, accounting for 5.3% of the country; the total agricultural The output value is 150.9 billion yuan, accounting for 6.1% of the country's total.

Folk ballad:

The Yellow River is rolling and rolling, and the cowhide raft is used as a ship.

The Yellow River has nine bends and eighteen bays, Ningxia starts to go to Tongguan, who has the best view of the thousands of miles of scenery? Qikou Jinyin Mountain

Xintianyou:

Yellow River Boatman Song

Do you know how many bays there are in the Yellow River in the world? There are dozens of boats on dozens of bays?

Dozens of boats and dozens of poles? Do dozens of sailors come to move the boat?

I know that there are ninety-nine bays in the Yellow River in the world. On the ninety-nine bays, there are ninety-nine boats.

The ninety-nine boats have ninety-nine poles. Hey, ninety-nine sailors came to move the boat.

14. The forests of the Loess Plateau were severely damaged for the sixth time

The Manchus entered the customs and recuperated in just a few decades, and the population increased from 80 million to 200 million. North China and Jiangnan were overcrowded, so a large number of refugees spontaneously flocked to the northwest. The Loess Plateau once again became the hardest hit area. Before the Ming Dynasty, Qilian Mountain and Liupan Mountain had giant trees, but now they were completely bare mountains.

Sixteen, woohoo! Yellow River!

Woohoo! For thousands of years, we have destroyed the natural vegetation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River with swords, axes and fires of war. It's a pity that the countless magnificent palaces built by cutting down the trees are still there now

The loess soil is deep and fragile. Because the soil is loose and has fine particles, once the vegetation is destroyed, soil erosion

will be extremely serious.

Soon we heard a sad sigh: "As long as the river is clear, how long will life be?"

Seventeen. Destruction of vegetation on the Loess Plateau and deep ravines

Currently, the length of the plateau is 1 kilometer. There are more than 300,000 ravines above, and there are countless branch gullies and hair gullies under 1 km. The final destination of each ravine is the Yellow River. They continue to cut the Loess Plateau and become the main source of sediment in the Yellow River.

18. The vegetation on the Loess Plateau has been destroyed, and the ecological environment is not what it used to be.

Walking on the wilderness we call the Loess Plateau today, you can see rugged, cracked, and fragmented loess. , there are no trees, or even grass. How many people have deeply lamented: How could the ancestors of mankind produce such a splendid civilization in such a harsh natural environment?

What they don’t realize is that green was the dominant color here until 6,000 years ago, when the forest coverage rate here was as high as 69%.

19. A heavy rain caused a huge change in the terrain

With the decline in vegetation coverage, the rivers and gullies on the plateau were strongly incised. While extending upward, the sides were also widening, and A branch ditch develops, and the branch ditch develops into a hair ditch. Such changes often only take a few years, months, days or even a heavy rain to complete. Therefore, the Loess Plateau is also known as the area with the most rapidly changing terrain in the world.

In the 20th century, 1.6 billion tons of sediment were dumped every year, 90% of which came from the Loess Plateau.

1.6 billion tons of sediment were dumped every year, and 90% came from these gullies on the Loess Plateau. The 1.6 billion tons of soil lost every year does more than just dye a river a shocking yellow. It flows down with the water, silting up lakes, breaking through hills, raising riverbeds, and cleaning up plains.

Twenty-one, two breaches in three years, a major change of course in a century

The Yellow River became violent day by day, "two breaches in three years, a major change of course once in a century", the mother river finally became " China's worries". The fight against floods in the Yellow River has become a top priority for life and death in the Central Plains.

22. Guarding against water shortages in the Yellow River, Zhengzhou can be an example in the middle reaches

Zhengzhou was originally prosperous because of water. It is adjacent to the Yellow River, as well as the Jialu River, Xiong'er River, and Jinshui River. It flows through the city. However, with the huge development of industry and agriculture, pollution has become increasingly serious, water diversion channels are crisscrossed, and three rivers that once flowed endlessly have dried up. By the 1970s, Zhengzhou was completely dependent on the Yellow River for water supply.

23. Shandong is short of water, and the closer it is to the Yellow River, the more water it is.

Shandong’s water resources situation is even more tense, with its population and cultivated land accounting for 7.2% and 7% of the country’s total respectively. .3%, while the total water resources account for only 1.2% of the country. Per capita water resources are only 300 cubic meters, which is 13.3% of the national per capita level. Each hectare of cultivated land occupies 4,560 cubic meters of water, which is 17.3% of the country's total. The closer we get to the Yellow River, the more scarce the water resources become. The runoff depth in the Yellow River area drops to only 60 mm, and in Linqing and Guanxian areas in northwest Shandong, it is only 25 mm.

Yellow River

The Yellow River is the second largest river in China after the Yangtze River. Its main stream is 5,464 kilometers long and flows through Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, and Sui Nine provinces, including Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and Shandong, form a "ji" shape and flow eastward into the Bohai Sea. There are more than 30 main tributaries and countless streams along the way, with a drainage area of ??70 More than 50,000 square kilometers. The middle reaches flow through the vast Loess Plateau area, and many tributaries carry a large amount of sediment into it. It is the river with the highest sediment content in the world. The river water is yellow, hence its name.

The Yellow River originates from the Yuezhanzonglie Canal at the northern foot of Bayan Har Mountain in Qinghai, with an altitude of more than 5,400 meters. The surrounding mountains are covered with snow all year round. There is Xingxiu Sea in the source section of the Yellow River, which is a swamp with countless small lakes. After leaving Xingxiu Sea, it enters Eling Lake and Zaling Lake to Maduo, bypasses Jishi Mountain and Xiqing Mountain, passes through Longyang Gorge and reaches Qinghai Guide, with a length of more than 1,900 kilometers. The upstream section is more than 1,500 kilometers long from Guide to Hekou Town in Suiyuan Province. The Yellow River runs through many grand canyons and gathers many tributaries in Gansu. The middle reaches is more than 1,100 kilometers long from Hekou Town to Yujin, Henan.

The river turns south and flows across the Loess Plateau, carrying a large amount of sediment with it and surging down. When it reaches Hukou, the terrain drops steeply, forming the Hukou Falls. Then it flows through Longmen Gorge to Tongguan, where the river widens due to the influx of people. The water volume of tributaries such as Fenqin, Luohe and Xiaoshui increased significantly. When the river reaches Tongguan, it is blocked by Huashan Mountain, and then flows eastward, passing through Sanmenxia to Yuluo, and then enters the plain area. The downstream section is more than 870 kilometers long from Mengjin to Lijin County in Shandong Province and flows into the Bohai Sea. Due to the accumulation of sediment, the water flow is slow and embankments are built on both sides, making it an "above ground river" above the ground.

The source section and upstream section of the Yellow River are the most tortuous, followed by the middle section, and the downstream section is straight. From Lanzhou to Tongguan, the river flows around three sides of a rectangle, which is the famous Hetao, about 2,000 kilometers long. The downstream river course of Zhanshi is uncertain. Sometimes the river flows into the Bohai Sea to the north of the Shandong Hills, and sometimes it flows into the Yellow Sea from the Huaihe River to the south of the Shandong Hills. The distance between the two is up to 500 kilometers.

The Yellow River City is the cradle of the Chinese nation and one of the birthplaces of ancient civilizations in the world. The discovery of "Lantian Man" fossils proves that as early as 500,000 to 600,000 years ago, the ancestors of the Chinese nation were living in the area of ??present-day Lantian County, Shaanxi. The climate in the ancient Yellow River Basin was much warmer and wetter than today, and the loose loess was conducive to farming, making it very suitable for human habitation. More than 5,000 years ago, the Yangshao Culture emerged in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. No less than a thousand sites have been discovered in Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai and other provinces. The artifacts discovered include stone tools, bone tools, pottery, etc. The pottery with red surface and colorful patterns is the most distinctive, so the Yangshao culture is also called the painted pottery culture. The discovery of the Yin Ruins can prove that the Chinese nation established the oldest civilized country in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River three thousand years ago. Historically, cities along the Yellow River often flooded. According to records, over the past 2,000 years, the lower Yellow River has breached its banks more than 1,500 times, with 26 large-scale diversions. Floods ranged from Tianjin in the north to Jiangsu and Anhui in the south, reaching 250,000 people. square kilometers. The total amount of sediment carried downstream by river water averages over 1.6 billion metric tons per year. Because the terrain in the downstream section is low and flat, the river slope is gentle and the flow speed is reduced. A large amount of sediment is deposited on the river bed, averaging more than 400 million metric tons per year. The rest of the sediment flows to the river mouth, where it alluvializes into an estuary delta that extends to the sea. The land area is more than 20 square kilometers. The Yellow River Basin has fertile soil, rich products, and magnificent mountains and rivers. Its residents account for almost a quarter of China's total population, and its cultivated land accounts for about 40% of the country

Information about the Yellow River

[ 2007-4-22 17:37:00 | By： There is still time for the Yellow River to clear up, how can it be that people have no luck?

The Yellow River in the world is rich in Ningxia

You will not die until you reach the Yellow River

When the saints come out, the Yellow River will be clear

Spoken sayings, proverbs, and legends about the Yellow River

Sayings, proverbs, and legends about the Yellow River

Jumping into the Yellow River can wash you away, the Yellow River is rich in Ningxia, the richest are Wuzhong, and the Yellow River There is still a day of clarification, how can it be that when people have no luck, the Yellow River in the world is rich in Ningxia, and the heart will not die until the Yellow River is reached, and the tears will not flow until the coffin is seen.

Idioms:

The mainstay flows, the sea is clear, the river is clear, the sea is clear, the river and the mountain bring the clear, the water of the Yellow River is clear, the hill brings the river, the carp jumps over the dragon gate, the river is clear, The mainstay

Wang Changling

"Looking at the capital from the white flower wall, when the Yellow River flows endlessly. In the autumn, there are no people walking in the wilderness, and the horse head comes east to know who it is.",

"When I return home after crossing the Yellow River, the dogwood trees will grow new after a few days away from home."

Du Fu's "Two Poems on the Yellow River"

The Haixi Army on the north bank of the Yellow River is heard all over the world. The iron horses roared endlessly, and the barbarians moved in groups with their high noses. On the south bank of the Yellow River is Shu. If you want to supply your family, there is no millet. I would like to drive the common people to wear the king, and throw away gold and jade with a cart full of books.

He Jingzhi's "Sanmenxia - Dressing Table": "Looking at the three gates, the three gates are open, the Yellow River will not come back if it goes east", "Order Li Bai to change the poem, the water of the Yellow River will come in!".

"Crossing the Ancient Yellow River Embankment" by Sadura, a poet of the Yuan Dynasty: "The Yellow River used to flow in ancient times, but now it is used as cultivated land. The roads are transformed into Tianjin, and the sea turns into dust."

Liu Yuxi of the Tang Dynasty He wrote "The Yellow River has thousands of miles of sand, and the waves and winds are rolling from the end of the world"

Li Bai

"The water of the Yellow River comes up from the sky, and rushes to the sea never to return",

"The Yellow River falls from the sky and travels to the East China Sea, and thousands of miles are written in the mind",

"The Yellow River can be blocked with earth, but the north wind, rain and snow can hardly cut it off",

"The Yellow River comes from the west to decide Kunlun, roaring for thousands of miles, touches the dragon's gate",

"If you want to cross the Yellow River, which is blocked by ice, you will climb to Taihang, where it is snowy and dark."

"How majestic the West Mountain is, the Yellow River is like silk from the sky."

"Let's explore the tiger's den toward the desert, and whip the horses to cross the Yellow River."

Wang Wei's "The single tree is closing the door, the Yellow River is facing the sky."

Li Shangyin's "The desert is full of earthy flowers and blue clouds are vast, and the Yellow River is about to end and the sky is pale and yellow."

Bai Juyi's "The water of the Yellow River is white and the clouds are yellow in autumn, and pedestrians by the river are relatively sad."

In Song Dynasty Qiu Wei's "Yellow River Qing" Gujiao Qingxiong occupied Yunxi. Happy to be surrounded by dust, it’s still quiet today. A new thread is added, and the emperor's state will last forever. Outside the building, the shadow of Chongya is turning, surrounded by thousands of riders and thousands of cheers. When the Taiping officials met for the first time, Meng Xiong had three good views. Huang En comes out of the sky at night, and the clouds and phoenixes fly to reflect each other. A treasure belt with thousands of nails, for a happy occasion today. With such meritorious deeds achieved, the situation is rectified and the Jianghuai River is settled. This time it is just right to return to the court and adjust the golden tripod.

Liu Zhongyong's "The Complaints of Conquest" Every year, the golden river returns to the Jade Pass, and the horses and swords are ringed. In the third spring, the white snow returns to the green tombs, and the thousands of miles of Yellow River circles the Black Mountains.

Ballad:

The Yellow River rolls with waves, and the cowhide raft serves as a ship

The Yellow River has nine bends and eighteen bays, Ningxia starts up and goes to Tongguan, who has the best view of the thousands of miles of scenery? Qikou Jinyin Mountain

Xintianyou:

Yellow River Boatman Song

Do you know how many bays there are in the Yellow River in the world? There are dozens of boats on dozens of bays?

Dozens of boats, dozens of poles? Do dozens of sailors come to move the boat?

I know that there are ninety-nine bays in the Yellow River in the world. On the ninety-nine bays, there are ninety-nine boats.

There are ninety-nine boats and ninety-nine poles. Hey, ninety-nine sailors came to move the boat.

Folk ballad:

The Yellow River is rolling and rolling, and the cowhide raft is used as a ship

The Yellow River has nine bends and eighteen bays, Ningxia rises to Tongguan, who is the best in the thousands of miles of scenery? Qikou Gold and Silver Mountain

Legend:

Legend has it that a long time ago, the ancient Yellow River was a wild horse that was difficult to tame. It ran freely, like a grinning monster, roaring day and night. , gushing endlessly, devouring thousands of hectares of fertile land. With millions of mountains gnawing at them, the Hui Han people on both sides of the Yellow River can only live a life of slash-and-burn farming on the tops of the mountains and at the bottom of the ditches. At that time, Ningxia was no longer a flat plain, but had overlapping green hills and crisscrossing ravines. There was no flat field, and no field could be irrigated with the water of the Yellow River.

Legend has it that there are several households of Hui and Han people living on Niushou Mountain. Generations of them carry water at the bottom of the mountain and farm on the top of the mountain. The old and the young are busy all the time, but they don't have enough to eat and don't have enough clothes to wear. No one can bear this torture for a long time.

One year, an old man named De, who was over seventy years old, opened a melon orchard on the mountain and planted some cucumbers. He got up early every day and went to the Yellow River to water the cucumbers. His shoulders were swollen and the soles of his feet were peeling. He carefully cultivated the cucumbers, and they grew tender and sweet.

Old man De was tired that day and fell asleep lying on the garden door.

As soon as he fell asleep, he dreamed of a white cloud floating in the sky. Gradually, the white cloud turned into a white-bearded imam, trembling his silver beard, and said to Mr. De: "Today there is an imam. Two strong winds, you should pay attention.

There is a yellow wind at noon, which can make cucumbers wither; there is a black wind in the afternoon, which can make cucumbers fall off their stems. No matter how strong the wind is, don't pick the cucumbers.

When the old man woke up, he saw that the white-bearded imam was missing. Instead, he saw the yellow wind from the north, blowing all over Niushou Mountain. The old man De looked at the cucumbers carefully, and sure enough, they were wilted one by one. He felt very sad that a year of hard work had been wasted, but when he thought of the white-bearded imam's words, he did not move.

At noon, a dark wind passed by, shaking the mountains and shaking the ground, and leaves fell layer after layer. When the old man saw that the cucumber was about to fall to the ground, he was so angry that he picked off a small and wilted cucumber and threw it into the Yellow River. The Yellow River immediately broke a line. As if a god had cut through it with a knife, he could clearly see the bottom of the river. When the old man swooped down, the river water suddenly closed up again. The old man was tired and hungry. He sat on the river bank, blinking his eyes, golden flowers dancing wildly, feeling dizzy and unaware of anything else.

At this time, the old man De heard the white-bearded imam say again, "This cucumber is the key to conquering the Yellow River. It can stop the Yellow River from flowing, or it can make the Yellow River listen to people's words. But now the Yellow River is called the Yellow River. The two Ibilis, Feng and Heifeng, are suffering. You must not be impatient. You must be patient and put in more effort. Next year, you will plant a garden of cucumbers. When the cucumbers are ripe, pick the largest one and throw it in. In the Yellow River. At that time, when you walked into the cave at the bottom of the river, you could pick out the jewelry, get the grain, and have a sword that could slay dragons and monsters, and tame the Yellow River. Wherever you pointed, the Yellow River water would flow. "

The next year, the industrious old man from Germany planted another garden of cucumbers. He was not afraid of the long journey and did not hesitate to sweat, carrying water from the Yellow River to water the cucumbers. The hard work paid off, and finally, there was a three-foot-long cucumber in the garden, which looked like a key. The old man happily slept in the melon garden day and night, waiting until the melons were ripe.

On this day, the weather was so sunny that there was no cloud at all. The old man picked off the three-foot-long cucumber, said "Tasimi" and threw it into the Yellow River. At this time, I heard a roar from the Yellow River, and a long crack was opened, and the stones on the bottom of the river could be clearly seen. Old man De went down to the bottom of the river and saw a hole against the river bank. In the hole, there were all kinds of pearls and agates. The old man took some, and just as he was leaving, he heard a roaring storm, and for a while the waves rolled on the river, one wave higher than the other. The old man De picked up his sword and slashed dozens of swords at the black whirlwind and yellow whirlwind left and right. After a while, the black wind and yellow wind blew out of the sky.

At this time, the fractures in the Yellow River gradually closed. The old man De remembered the white-bearded imam's instructions that this sword could conquer the Yellow River. He became enlightened and thought: I will let the Yellow River fill the trenches and silt the mountain ridges. The old man held two swords and slashed down the Yellow River. The water of the Yellow River stopped flowing immediately, as if there was a Great Wall in front of it, but it was getting higher and higher. It looked really scary from a distance

Tracing the history of the Yellow River

The water and spirit of the Yellow River have nurtured the Chinese nation. The Chinese nation performed magnificent and brilliant plays in the ancient Yellow River Basin to repay the mother river for its nurturing grace.

1.5 million years ago, the Xihou Tuman appeared in what is now Ruicheng County on the Yellow River in Shanxi Province. As early as 1.1 million years ago, the "Lantian Man" lived in the Yellow River Basin. There are also "Dali people", "Dingcun people" and "Hetao people" who also live and multiply in the basin.

The early Homo sapiens in Ding Village, Xiangfen, Shanxi 70,000 years ago, and the late Homo sapiens in Dagouwan, Wushen Banner, Inner Mongolia 30,000 years ago, played the prelude to the ancient Yellow River civilization.

Microlithic cultural sites from 10,000 to 7,000 years ago, Neolithic cultural sites from 7,000 to 3,700 years ago, bronze cultural sites from 3,700 to 2,700 years ago, and iron cultural sites that appeared in 770 BC are almost all All over the Yellow River Basin. Since the Mesolithic Age, the Yellow River Basin has become the development center of my country's ancient culture. Suiren, Fuxi, and Shennong invented artificial fire technology, primitive animal husbandry, and primitive agriculture. They kicked off the development of the Yellow River civilization.

Human cultural sites discovered in the Yellow River Basin

1. Microlithic culture. 10,000 to 7,000 years ago.

Cultural relics of this era have been found in many places on the Loess Plateau, such as Dali Shayuan in Shaanxi and Qinshui Xiachuan in Shanxi.

2? Neolithic culture. 7000 to 3700 years ago. According to the earliest discovery location and the development stage it represents, it can be divided into early, middle and late stages: the early stage is called Yangshao Culture, which dates back 7000 to 5000 years ago, and was discovered in Yangshao Village, Mianchi, Henan in 1921; the middle stage is called Longshan Culture, which dates back 5000 years ago. ~4100, it was discovered in 1928 in Longshan Town, Zhangqiu, Shandong; in the later period, it was called the Erlitou Culture, dating from 4100 to 3700 years ago. It was first discovered in Erlitou, Yanshi, Henan, and is a cultural site of the Xia Dynasty.

3? Bronze culture. 3700 to 2700 years ago. It can be divided into three phases: the early Erligang culture, which is the Zhengzhou Shangcheng culture, 3620 years ago, and is the early Shang culture; the middle period is the Yinxu culture, which is the Xiaotun Village culture in Anyang, Henan, roughly from the 14th century BC to AD In the 11th century BC, it was the culture of the late Shang Dynasty; the later period was the Qishan culture, which is the cultural site of the Western Zhou capital in Fengchu Village, Qishan, Shaanxi.

A large number of ancient cultural sites such as Yangshao Culture, Majiayao Culture, Dawenkou Culture, and Longshan Culture are scattered up and down the river. These ancient cultural relics are not only numerous in number and type, but also continue to develop from far to near, systematically showing the development process of ancient Chinese civilization.

Emperors of Qin and Han, Emperors of Tang and Song, Genghis Khan, these emperors led the Chinese nation to push the ancient Yellow River civilization to a glorious peak that attracted the attention of the world. Gunpowder, compass, papermaking, printing, Tang poetry, Song lyrics, and Yuan opera are the shining treasures of the Yellow River civilization. Inventions, creations and scientific achievements not only promoted the development of China, but also spread to all parts of the world, promoting the progress of all mankind.

Historical facts about the establishment of capitals by dynasties in the Yellow River Basin

The Xia Dynasty established its capital in Yangcheng (today's Dengfeng, Henan), the Shang Dynasty established its capital in Bo (today's Shangqiu, Henan), and later moved its capital to Yin (today's Shangqiu, Henan) Anyang, Henan), the Zhou Dynasty had its capital in Haojing (now Xi'an, Shaanxi), the Qin Dynasty had its capital in Xianyang, the Western Han Dynasty had its capital in Chang'an (now Xi'an, Shaanxi), the Eastern Han Dynasty had its capital in Luoyang, the Wei and Jin Dynasties all had their capitals in Luoyang, and the Sui and Tang Dynasties had their capitals in Chang'an ( Today's Xi'an, Shaanxi), the Song Dynasty established its capital in Tokyo (now Kaifeng, Henan). The "Seven Ancient Capitals" in Chinese history include Anyang, Xi'an, Luoyang and Kaifeng in the Yellow River Basin and adjacent areas.

As early as 6,000 years ago, agricultural activities began to occur in the basin. About 4,000 years ago, some blood clan tribes were formed in the basin, among which the Yandi and Huangdi tribes were the most powerful. Later, Huangdi obtained the status of alliance leader and merged with other tribes to form the "Chinese tribe". Later generations regard the Yellow Emperor as the ancestor of the Chinese nation. There is the Yellow Emperor's Palace in Xinzheng City, Henan Province, where the Yellow Emperor was born, and the Yellow Emperor's Mausoleum in Huangling County, Shaanxi Province. Descendants of the Yan and Huang Dynasties all over the world regard the Yellow River Basin as the cradle of the Chinese nation. He calls the Yellow River the "Mother River" and the "origin of the Four Rivers", and regards the yellow land as his "root".

Every year, the Chinese nation pays homage to their ancestors at the Yellow Emperor’s Mausoleum in Qiaoshan, Shaanxi. Every year, countless people go to search for their roots under the big locust tree in Hongdong, Shanxi. With its huge cohesion and creativity, the Yellow River civilization leads the Chinese nation toward a better future like the ever-flowing Yellow River.

For a long historical period, China’s political, economic and cultural center has been in the Yellow River Basin. The middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River are the areas where science, technology, literature and art developed earliest in the country. Around 2000 BC, bronze wares appeared in the basin. By the Shang Dynasty, bronze smelting technology had reached a very high level. At the same time, iron smelting began to appear, marking a new stage in the development of productivity. The series of iron adzes and iron axes unearthed in Luoyang show that China developed cast iron softening technology more than 2,000 years earlier than European countries. The "four great inventions" of ancient China - papermaking, movable type printing, the compass, and gunpowder - were all produced in the Yellow River Basin. A large number of literary classics, from the Book of Songs to Tang poems and Song lyrics, as well as a large number of cultural classics, were also produced here.

After the Northern Song Dynasty, the country's economic center of gravity gradually shifted to the south. However, in the process of China's political, economic, and cultural development, the Yellow River Basin and the lower Yellow River plain area still play an important role. The long history of the Yellow River Basin has left a very precious heritage for the Chinese nation and countless places of interest and historical sites, which are the pride of our nation.