Safety precautions for cranes

Question 1: What safety precautions should be paid attention to when using bridge crane? Bridge crane is a kind of mechanical equipment horizontally placed above workshops, warehouses and open-air stacking markets to lift various objects, usually called "crown block" or "traveling crane". It is the most widely used hoisting machinery in mechanical industry, metallurgical industry and chemical industry. In modern industrial enterprises, it is one of the important equipment to realize mechanization and automation of production process, reduce heavy manual labor and improve production efficiency.

When using bridge crane, the following safety measures should be paid attention to:

(1) Driving must be in a normal state, especially the safety devices, such as sound and light, signals and interlocking devices of brakes, must be sensitive and intact.

(2) In the process of work, the operator should concentrate on idling first, then lifting, and then lifting, so that the hoisted object is off the ground100 ~150 mm; If it is found that the lifting object is not fastened, it should be fastened again. Sound the horn before driving; Heavy objects are not allowed to pass over people's heads. When the crown block moves, it is forbidden to repair, inspect, refuel and wipe parts. If any fault is found during operation, it must be stopped immediately.

(3) When the work is terminated, the crown block shall be parked on the vehicle line, the hook shall be hoisted in place, and no heavy objects shall be hung on the hook. Set all controls and joysticks to zero position, unplug the power switch and lock the cab door.

(4) The bridge crane must be equipped with reliable and sensitive safety devices. Generally, there are buffers, limiters (travel limiter, lifting limiter), lifting limiter, windproof rail clamp, etc.

(5) The casings of all live parts of the crane shall be reliably grounded to avoid accidental electric shock accidents of the operators. When the trolley track is not welded on the main beam, it should also be welded and grounded, and the step-down transformer should be grounded on the low voltage side as required.

(6) The bridge crane shall not be lifted under the following circumstances:

A) No command or unclear command signal.

B) The driving equipment is defective or the safety device fails.

C) Lifting with load or unknown equipment quality.

D) When someone stands on or under the lifting object, use the crane hook to lift the person.

E) The light is dim, so you can't see clearly.

F) The lifting object is pulled obliquely with sharp edges and corners, and no safety measures are taken.

Question 2: What are the safety precautions for lifting machinery operation? Exceeding the rated load, unclear command signal or confused command, the workpiece is not fastened, the hoisted object is not hoisted by people standing on it, the safety device is out of order, the lighting is unclear, the workpiece is buried in the ground, the oblique buckle workpiece is not hoisted, the edge object is not hoisted, and the steel (iron) water bag is too full, which is referred to as "ten not hoisted" for short.

Question 3: Precautions for hoisting safety: safety guarantee measures to prevent the crane from overturning (1). The road on the hoisting site must be smooth and solid, and backfilled (1). When the crane runs under the wire, the crane driver should pay special attention to the highest point of the boom and the free space of the wire.

Question 4: What safety precautions should be paid attention to when using bridge crane? Bridge crane is a kind of mechanical equipment installed horizontally above workshops, warehouses and open-air stacking markets for lifting various objects, which is usually called "crown block" or "traveling crane". It is the most widely used hoisting machinery in mechanical industry, metallurgical industry and chemical industry. In modern industrial enterprises, it is one of the important equipment to realize mechanization and automation of production process, reduce heavy manual labor and improve production efficiency. The following safety precautions should be paid attention to when using bridge crane: (1) The crane must be in normal state, especially the safety devices, such as sound and light, signals and interlocking devices of brakes, must be sensitive and intact. (2) In the process of work, the operator should concentrate on idling first, then lifting, and then lifting, so that the hoisted object is off the ground100 ~150 mm; If it is found that the lifting object is not fastened, it should be fastened again. Sound the horn before driving; Heavy objects are not allowed to pass over people's heads. When the crown block moves, it is forbidden to repair, inspect, refuel and wipe parts. If any fault is found during operation, it must be stopped immediately. (3) When the work is terminated, the crown block shall be parked on the vehicle line, the hook shall be hoisted in place, and no heavy objects shall be hung on the hook. Set all controls and joysticks to zero position, unplug the power switch and lock the cab door. (4) The bridge crane must be equipped with reliable and sensitive safety devices. Generally, there are buffers, limiters (travel limiter, lifting limiter), lifting limiter, windproof rail clamp, etc. (5) The casings of all live parts of the crane shall be reliably grounded to avoid accidental electric shock accidents of the operators. When the trolley track is not welded on the main beam, it should also be welded and grounded, and the step-down transformer should be grounded on the low voltage side as required. (6) The crown block shall not be hoisted under the following conditions: a) No one commands or the command signal is unclear. B) The driving equipment is defective or the safety device fails. C) Lifting with load or unknown equipment quality. D) When someone stands on or under the lifting object, use the crane hook to lift the person. E) the light is dim and the vision is not clear. F) The lifting object is pulled obliquely with sharp edges and corners, and no safety measures are taken.

Question 5: What should I pay attention to when operating lifting equipment? Hunan Qian Hao electromechanical lifting electromagnet manufacturer answers for you:

Crane operators must strictly abide by the safety technical operation rules, fully understand the performance, structure and working principle of the crane they operate, and master its operation methods and skills skillfully. Inspect, maintain and record the equipment in strict accordance with the handover procedure, and notify the maintenance department for maintenance in time when problems are found.

Crane operation steps/methods

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Strictly abide by the technical regulations for crane safety. Must be operated by a full-time driver with a driver's license. Before the new crane driver takes up his post, he must undergo training and assessment organized by the Equipment Department.

You should know the structure and performance of the crane used, be familiar with its working principle and control system, master the function of its safety device and correct operation method, and do careful maintenance and timely maintenance.

Have the right to refuse to lift the articles that violate the safety technical regulations of cranes in the operation industry, and strictly implement ten no-lifts.

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(1) Do not hoist when the load exceeds the rated load;

② The command signal is unknown; Unknown weight; The light is dim and does not hang;

(3) The slings and accessories are not firmly bound and do not meet the safety requirements;

(4) No lifting when lifting heavy objects for direct processing;

⑤ Stay and hang, but don't hang;

6. Standing on the workpiece or floating live animals without hanging;

⑦ Do not hang inflammable and explosive articles;

8 objects with sharp edges and corners are not hung or padded;

Pet-name ruby buried items don't hang;

Attending illegal command not hanging;

The driver should remember the commander's command signal and cooperate closely with the commander.

When operating a crane, the driver should do the following

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(1) When the crane mechanism is running, a warning signal must be given when someone approaches the running route of the same span crane or crane;

(2) We must concentrate and forbid reading, eating, making phone calls and chatting. When driving;

(3) Start the institutions with no load first, and judge whether the institutions operate normally;

⑷ When manipulating, it should be "steady, accurate, fast, safe and rational" and always steady, steady and steady;

Start smoothly, brake smoothly, no impact phenomenon, and the hook does not swing;

Accurate-the hanging object can be parked to the designated position accurately;

Fast-can make the mechanism work at the same time and shorten the working cycle time;

Safety-can operate the equipment reasonably without any personal and equipment accidents;

Reasonable-refers to the reasonable use and operation of driving;

5] You must obey the command signal, and you are not allowed to drive until the signal is unknown or the commander has not left the dangerous area (the commander is standing on the hoisted object or in the narrow area between the ground equipment and the hoisted object);

[6] The driver only listens to the driving signal sent by the pre-designated commander. Anyone who gives a stop signal must stop immediately;

Once, although the commander issued a command signal, he was not allowed to drive without looking at the hoisted object;

Being crane controller should increase (decrease) the speed step by step, and it is forbidden to directly turn the control handle from the forward position to the backward position for parking (only allowed when preventing accidents);

Levies crane cart or car should be slowly close to the finish line, try to avoid collision block frame;

⑽ Only when you know the surrounding situation, you are allowed to slowly push another crane with an empty car;

⑾ During the operation, if you hear abnormal sounds, you should immediately cut off the power and check, and the lifting objects should be safely put down;

⑿ When the working crane suddenly loses power or the line voltage drops sharply, all controllers should be reset to zero as soon as possible, cut off the main switch of power supply, and notify the commander;

[13] When the brake of the hoisting mechanism suddenly fails in the work, keep calm, and if necessary, turn the controller to the low gear and do the hoisting action slowly and repeatedly. At the same time, start the cart or car, select a safe area, and put down the heavy objects;

[14] When the signal sent by the commander is inconsistent with the driver's idea, an inquiry signal should be sent to confirm that there is no problem before operation;

⒂ When driving out of control, reverse the car or press the emergency stop button according to the situation;

(16) When the hanging basket rotates, the expander should not touch the hanging basket.

After the crane works, the following operations should be carried out

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(1) Drive the crane to the designated parking spot, drive the trolley to one end of the cab, lift the empty hook to the upper limit position, set all controllers to zero, and cut off the power supply;

(2) clean the crane;

(3) Each shift should have proper cleaning and inspection time;

(4) Give the written log book to the succession driver, and explain the problems found in the operation to the succession driver.

Crane operators should cooperate with maintenance personnel during maintenance and are not allowed to leave the crane. If you need to leave for a short time for special reasons, you must tell the maintenance staff so that you can arrange your work.

When driving, you should honk before you start. Maintenance personnel are not allowed to send electricity when working on it, not to mention ... >>

Question 6: What safety precautions should crane drivers pay attention to during operation? 1. Before using the newly installed crane, which has undergone major overhaul or changed its important performance, it must be tested in accordance with the relevant provisions of crane performance test.

Second, the crane should be lifted, rotated and luffed with no load before each shift, and the safety performance test of the brake and limit device should be carried out. If the equipment is faulty, it should be eliminated before the official operation.

Three, the crane driver and bell man should contact according to various prescribed gestures or signals. During the operation, the driver should cooperate closely with the signalman and obey his command. However, when the lifting operation is in danger, no matter who gives the emergency stop signal, the driver should stop immediately.

Fourthly, the driver must ring the signal before hoisting after receiving the hoisting signal from the signalman. When lifting, the heavy objects should be lifted off the ground first, and then the lifting should be continued after confirming that the heavy objects are hung firmly, the braking performance is good and the crane is stable.

Five, lifting heavy objects, hook wire rope should be kept vertical, it is forbidden to use inclined hook wire rope to drag the hoisted heavy objects. When the hook has been hung, but the lifted weight has not been lifted, it is forbidden to move or rotate the crane. It is forbidden to lift or pull articles buried underground or condensed underground or with unknown weight.

Six, heavy lifting, rotation, speed should be uniform and smooth, so as to avoid the danger of heavy objects swinging in the air. Don't put down the heavy objects too fast, so as to prevent the heavy objects from falling suddenly and being damaged. When lifting long and heavy objects, someone should pull the rope. Prevent accidents caused by swinging of heavy objects.

Seven, the crane is strictly prohibited to work more than the rated lifting weight of the machine. If two cranes are used to lift a heavy object at the same time, there must be a special person under unified command. The vertical speed of the two cranes should be equal, and the weight of heavy objects should not exceed 75% of the sum of the rated lifting weights of the two cranes; Pay attention to the distribution of weight when binding slings, and the weight shared by each machine shall not exceed 80% of the rated lifting weight.

Eight, crane lifting heavy objects, can't cross from the head, don't hang the heavy objects in the air for a long time, under special circumstances, if you need to stay temporarily, you should send a signal to inform all personnel not to stand under the heavy objects or pass.

Nine, crane work, all personnel try to avoid standing on the boom slewing rope and area. It is forbidden to stand under the boom. Hoisting personnel should stand in a safe area in time after hooking. It is forbidden to stand on the lifted heavy objects or process the suspended heavy objects. When machining is needed, put down the heavy objects with the pad number, and brake the brakes of the boom, hook and slewing mechanism. If the processing time is long, the weight should be stable and the crane should be unhooked. When lifting heavy objects, drivers and signalmen are not allowed to leave their jobs at will. When stopping work or resting, it is forbidden to hang heavy objects in the air.

Ten, when the crane is running, it is forbidden to personnel up and down, engaged in maintenance work or touch parts such as wire rope and pulley by hand.

Eleven, lifting metal solution and inflammable, explosive, toxic, harmful and other dangerous goods, should develop special safety measures, the driver should constantly signal, notify irrelevant personnel to leave the scene.

Twelve, when using the electromagnet crane, should delimit a certain working area, it is forbidden in this area, when loading and unloading iron to the vehicle, it is forbidden to heavy objects through the cab, the driver of the car must leave the cab, in case the iron falls off and hurts people, in case the iron absorption fails.

Thirteen, crane boom is forbidden to be used in lifting operations, under special circumstances, should be strictly in accordance with the relevant provisions of the manual. Do not change the joystick before the boom takes off and lands safely.

14. When the crane lifts heavy objects at high places, a certain distance should be kept between the hook and the pulley to prevent the wire rope from being pulled off by the Yang Guo limit or the boom from overturning. When the boom reaches the maximum elevation angle and the hook is at the lowest position, at least 3 turns of wire rope on the drum should be reserved.

Fifteen, crane work place, should have enough workplace and night lighting equipment. The crane should keep a safe distance from nearby equipment and buildings to avoid collision during operation.

Sixteen, crane operation, one of the following circumstances, can't lifting:

1, when the signal is unclear;

2. When the weight is unknown;

3. When the hoisted weight needs to be pulled to a certain distance from the hoisting point;

4. When the lifting weight exceeds the lifting capacity of the crane;

5. When the heavy objects are not firmly bound and unstable after lifting;

6, open-air operations in case of more than six levels of strong winds and fog and other bad weather;

7. When there is insufficient lighting for night operation;

8. The wire rope is badly worn and broken.

17. Cranes are not allowed to work under overhead transmission lines. When passing overhead transmission lines, they should be released ... >; & gt

Question 7: What are the safety precautions when driving? Safety operation regulations of cantilever crane: 1. Before using the cantilever crane, the operator should check whether the switch button and wire rope limit are faulty. If there is any problem, it should be repaired in time before use. After use, all power switches must be turned off before leaving. 2, when lifting the workpiece to concentrate, hand on the switch, so as to brake at any time, are not allowed to chat while lifting, eating, etc. , to avoid danger. 3. When lifting any workpiece, try to lift it, and the hook should be vertical. If it is found to be unbalanced, adjust the hook in time, and it is not allowed to tilt. Try to lift it again and keep the workpiece stable before lifting it. 4, no overload lifting, lifting any workpiece is not allowed to exceed 500kg, otherwise it will be severely punished according to the violation of operating procedures. 5, when lifting the workpiece are not allowed to be too high from the ground, should be high homework, if there is an object over should be careful not to collide, it is forbidden to cross the machine tool lifting. 6, lifting any workpiece, should always pay attention to the operation situation, have abnormal sound and abnormal phenomenon immediately stop lifting, timely report for processing, such as work in spite of illness, will be dealt with according to the violation of operating procedures. 7, cantilever crane is strictly prohibited when using all assault repair. 8. When not in use, the swing-arm crane should be placed in a safe place, and it is not allowed to interfere with the running route of other lifting equipment, and it is not allowed to park at will, otherwise it will be punished in violation of operating procedures.

Question 8: What safety regulations should the crane follow during operation?

1, lifting machinery operators must undergo training and assessment, and obtain the lifting machinery operator certificate issued by the special equipment safety supervision organization before they can operate independently.

2, lifting machinery operators should strictly abide by the crane safety timely procedures.

3, lifting machinery operators should understand the structural performance of the crane used, familiar with its working principle and operating system, master the role of its safety device and the correct operation method.

4, if someone violates the technical regulations of crane safety, lifting machinery operators have the right to refuse to lift.

5, lifting machinery operators should memorize the commander's command signals (gestures, whistles, semaphores) and should work closely with the commander.

6, lifting heavy objects must be in a vertical position, it is forbidden to stay and hang.

7. It is forbidden to lift heavy objects buried underground or frozen on other objects. It is forbidden to tow vehicles with slings.

8. When the crane is working, it is forbidden for anyone to stay on the crane, trolley and crane track.

9. When work stops, it is forbidden to lift heavy objects in the air.

10, when lifting objects, try to lift the objects slightly off the ground (200-300mm) to ensure smooth hanging and good braking, then rise and run slowly.

1 1, lifting objects must be fastened and fastened, and chocks should be set at the corners for correct lifting. When lifting parts turn over, it is necessary to grasp the center of gravity and pay attention to personnel movements.

12. The included angle of the rope used to bind the store should be appropriate and should not be greater than 120. Special tools should be used when encountering special hoisting parts.

13, lifting heavy objects should run on the safe passage. When running on the line without obstacles, the bottom of the spreader or heavy objects must be hoisted to more than 2 meters away from the working face.

14. When it is necessary to cross the obstacles on the running line, the bottom surface of the spreader and the heavy objects should be lifted more than half a meter above the obstacles.

15, it is forbidden to lift heavy objects from high altitude, and it is forbidden for anyone to work under heavy objects.

16, it is forbidden to use crane spreader to transport or lift personnel.

17, if the brake on the crane is not set, it is forbidden to work.

18, it is forbidden to drive into or push unknown vehicles.

19, under normal circumstances, you should not rely on the limit switch for parking.

20, in the following cases, lifting machinery operators should issue a warning signal.

A. when the crane starts to send electricity.

B when the same floor or another floor is close to other cranes.

C. When lifting or lowering the load, or when the trolley and trolley are running.

D when the load in the transportation project is close to the ground personnel.

E. When someone is working or walking on the lift safety passage.

F when the load moves at a position not high above the ground.

G. when the equipment fails in the process of lifting.

2 1, lifting machinery operators must concentrate, and are not allowed to chat with other people in the same room, and are not allowed to drink, smoke or eat.

22. Before operation, start the institutions to vent and judge whether the operation is normal.

23, must obey the command signal, the signal is unknown or commanders did not leave the danger zone (such as commanders standing on heavy objects or in the narrow area between ground equipment and heavy objects) before driving.

24, lifting machinery operators only listen to the signal of the designated commander. Anyone who gives a stop signal must stop at once.

25, due to the influence of the environment or other factors, the signal from the commander is inconsistent with the driver's opinion, should send out an inquiry signal, confirm the command signal is consistent with the command intention, before operation.

26. When the binding method is improper or danger may occur during lifting, the driver should refuse lifting and put forward suggestions for improvement.

27, although the commander command signal, but don't look at the heavy objects, should not be lifting.

28. For cranes with two sets of spreaders, the non-working spreader should be lifted to the upper limit position, and other auxiliary spreaders are not allowed to be hung.

29, must leave the weight on the working face, are not allowed to start the cart and car.

30. The remote control of the crane should be started gradually. It is forbidden to directly reverse the remote control handle from clockwise position for parking. It can only be used to prevent accidents.

3 1, crane cart and trolley should slowly approach the finish line, and try to avoid collision and decline to receive a call. Collision with another crane should be prevented. Only when you know the surrounding conditions can you use an empty crane to slowly push another crane.

32, in the process of operation, if you hear abnormal sound, should immediately stop the power supply for inspection, should be safely put down when lifting heavy objects.

33. When the working crane suddenly loses power or the line voltage drops sharply, all controllers should be moved to zero as soon as possible, the main switch in the control room should be cut off, and the commander should be informed ... >>