What do the quotation marks mean?

1. The meaning of quotation marks

What is the meaning of quotation marks? What is the meaning of double quotation marks

Edit the entry double quotation mark directory

Types of quotation marks

Application of quotation marks

Function of quotation marks

Notes

Application examples

Summary of quotation marks

[Edit this paragraph] Types of quotation marks

Quotation marks indicate parts of the text that are quoted. There are two types of double quotes and single quotes, marked as "" and '' respectively.

[Edit this paragraph] Application of quotation marks

Generally use double quotation marks. If there are citations within the quotation, use single quotation marks. Double quotes and single quotes are used repeatedly. To quote someone else directly, use quotation marks; to quote someone else indirectly, do not use quotation marks. When quoting several paragraphs in succession, use front quotation marks at the beginning of each paragraph and use back quotation marks only in the last paragraph.

[Edit this paragraph] The function of quotation marks

a. Express quotation

b. Express specific title

c. Express special meaning Needs emphasis

d. Expresses negation and irony

e indicates the object of emphasis

[Edit this paragraph] Notes

Quote Quotation refers to quoting other people's words in writing. Idioms, proverbs, poems, etc., also include onomatopoeia and transliterated words. Specific titles refer to names, abbreviations, special terms and anniversaries with certain characteristics. The words in the special meaning guideline have new meanings in their specific language environment.

When using quotations, pay attention to the position of the punctuation at the end of the quotation. Whenever quoted words are used independently, the final period must be placed inside the quotation marks. If the content of the quotation is an integral part of the sentence, that is, the quotation is not independent, there is no period mark at the end of the quotation part (question marks and exclamation marks can be retained), the entire sentence should pause at the appropriate pause point, and any period mark should be used.

Quotation marks are a very important punctuation mark. They include opening quotation marks (represented by ") and quotation marks (represented by "").

[Edit this paragraph] Application examples

The most basic use of quotation marks is to quote. Quotes include direct quotes and indirect quotes. A direct quote is a complete record of what a person said. There are three situations. For example:

1) Auntie broke a few branches and threw them down. While calling me by my nickname, she said: ① “Feed you first!”

2) “Oh, that’s really it. "It's so beautiful!" the emperor said, ② "I'm very satisfied!" 3) "What are you afraid of! The beauty of the sea is here!" ③

Explanation: Example 1) is the situation where the speaker is in the front and speaks later. Example 2) is the situation where the speaker is in the middle and what he said before and after is the situation. Example 3) is the situation where the speaker In the back and in front are what he said. In the above three examples, colons, commas and periods are used in ①②③ respectively. This is a fixed combination caused by quotation marks and cannot be changed.

An indirect quotation is a quotation in which someone's original words are informally, incompletely, and randomly placed in one's own words. If this type of quotation is not clearly stated, it will be difficult to detect that it is a quotation. For example:

4) Appropriately improving one's life is not only "can you control it", but also is in accordance with the laws of nature and human nature.

5) The horses painted by modern painter Xu Beihong are, as some critics say, "both physical and spiritual, full of vitality."

6) Zhang Jiazhen of the Tang Dynasty said that it was "strangely made, and people don't know what it is doing."

From 4), 5), and 6) we can see that the period or comma that comes with the quotation mark must be placed after the quotation mark. In contrast, a direct quotation is a complete quotation of someone's original text, with a period or comma placed before the quotation mark.

Generally speaking, quotation marks and quotation marks should be used in pairs, but there are exceptions. That is, when one paragraph is quoted directly, the middle paragraph only uses quotation marks at the beginning of the paragraph, but not at the end of the paragraph. Quotation number.

For example, if someone speaks in five paragraphs, the capitals of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth paragraphs should be in quotation marks, but the end of the first, second, third, and fourth paragraphs should not be in quotation marks. The back quotation marks are only used in the first, second, third, and fourth paragraphs. The end of the fifth paragraph. In addition, when you need to use quotation marks inside quotation marks, use double quotation marks on the outer layer and single quotation marks on the inner layer. For example:

7) I heard Mr. Hamel say to me: "Well, it is the greatest misfortune of the Alsatian people to always put off studying until tomorrow. Now those guys have reason to We said: 'What? You still call yourself French, you can't even speak or write your own language! ...' But poor little Franz, it's not your fault alone. . ”

In addition to quoting, quotation marks also have the function of emphasis, for example:

8) Looking up from the foot of the mountain, I saw many torches arranged in a zigzag shape, connecting to Heaven.

9) He said he had a bit of a demonic look on his face, and he must have met a "beautiful snake".

In addition, quotation marks also have the effect of irony, used to express sarcasm and ridicule. For example:

10) They (referring to friendly people) have torn off their mask of "civilization" by maintaining "order" in their prisons.

The quotation marks in Example 10 indicate that order is unreasonable and civilization is self-proclaimed. In fact, it is not civilized at all. It is ironic and has the objective effect of ridicule.

[Edit this paragraph] Summary of quotation marks

1: Indicates the quoted part.

2: Indicates a specific title or highlighted part.

3: Used for words with special meanings.

4: When you need to use quotation marks inside quotation marks, use double quotation marks on the outer layer and single quotation marks on the inner layer.

5: Give an example

What do the quotation marks mean?

The function of double quotation marks:

1. Indicates direct quotation; (Quotation refers to quoting other people’s words or idioms, maxims, poems, etc. in the writing, and also includes onomatopoeia and transliterated words)

2. Indicates specific titles; (specific titles refer to names, abbreviations, special terms, anniversaries, etc. with certain characteristics)

2. Expresses sarcasm and negation; (also known as "irony" "Satire")

⒋Indicates special meaning; (the words in the special meaning guideline have new meanings in their specific language environment)

⒌Indicates highlighting and attracting attention .

This semester, I learned about several meanings of quotation marks in Chinese Garden 7, and I hope to get more solidification from the following examples.

Write the meaning of the following double quotes.

1. Evil bullets also threaten the delicate "Flower of Peace". (Indicates a specific title)

2. Call him "special" because he loves fish to the point of selflessness. (emphasis, special meaning)

3. When he was in school, his classmates called him a "debater". (Indicates quote)

4. How can such a troubled river become the "cradle" of the Chinese nation? (Special meaning, use of metaphors)

5. People say: "Guilin's landscape is the best in the world." (Indicates a quote)

6. My father taught me to throw "sugar" on the stone slab. "Wind" comes. (Specific title)

7. The hatchling that came out first turned out to be the "scout" of the turtle group. (Special meaning, for emphasis)

8. However, a check on the "performance" of the Yellow River in the past 2000 years is surprising. (Special meaning, for emphasis)

9. There was a forest officer in Germany. As soon as he took office, he issued an order: "Clean" the forest. (Special meaning, emphasis)

10. Scientists studied the whale carefully and found that its appearance is an extremely ideal "streamline". (Specific title)

11. Son, when dad comes back, I will definitely give you a "blue helmet". (Specific title)

12. I like Huagang, and even more like Yuquan, which is "as white as jade".

(Indicates a quote)

13. I treat you well, but you want to kill me! The old saying is indeed true, "repay kindness with evil". (Special meaning, indicating emphasis)

In the role of quotation marks, there is a difference between expressing a specific title and expressing a special meaning:

A specific title indicates an alias for something

The special meaning means different meanings

For example:

The long-horned beetle is a "warrior".

Other than that, I hand-picked them piece by piece, bought them by the kilogram, and then brought them back by car. That is our family's 'Beihai'." (Xiao Qian's "Jujube Core") (Clear: Example ① Single quotation marks highlight the words "weird" worm; example ② Single quotation marks highlight the place name "Beihai") Analysis of the use of emphasis marks and common errors (1) The basic use of emphasis marks reminds readers to pay special attention to words, words and sentences, which are marked with emphasis marks. Example: Say "This person said "It's a northern dialect", which means that he speaks a northern dialect. For example, people in Tianjin and Hankou both speak northern dialects, but they are two kinds of northern dialects. (2) Common mistakes in using emphasis marks 1. Emphasis marks are used where quotation marks should be used. . Please pay attention to the difference between emphasis marks and quotation marks. Quotation marks are used to indicate the object of emphasis. For example: *Knowing and knowing the enemy is the main law of war understanding and is the cognitive basis of "knowing victory" and "winning". (Emphasis marks should be changed to quotation marks. ) * Conjunctions are usually used at the beginning of a sentence and used later. (Emphasis marks should be changed to quotation marks.) 2. Abuse of emphasis marks. Emphasis marks should be used only when absolutely necessary, not when the tone or semantics is emphasized. A paragraph or a text There are too many places with emphasis, so it doesn’t matter what the point is. For example: * Everyone found that although he was very sincere, natural and elegant when he said these words, most of the people who listened to his words looked confused or even uneasy. (The emphasis should be removed) * Whether a child's selfishness is strong or not mainly depends on the parenting style and the parents' attitude towards the child. (The emphasis should be removed).

What is the difference between the meaning expressed by a period inside quotation marks and outside quotation marks?

First look at the relevant formulas: The quoted words are not independent, and the punctuation marks are outside the quotation marks. The quoted words can be independent, and the punctuation marks are inside the quotation marks. 1. Direct quotation. Generally, quotation marks and colons are used. The content within the quotation marks Must be faithful to the original text. *** taught us: "Study hard and make progress every day." *** said: "The people are the real heroes, but we are often naive and ridiculous." Do not use quotation marks when paraphrasing the main idea, and change the colon. into a comma. For example: He said that the door must be closed when no one is around. Mr. Li taught his students: "We must adopt a pragmatic attitude, know what we know, don't know what we don't know, and don't force what we don't know into knowing." (Jiangxi Volume, 2005) (The quotation is a direct quotation, and the period should be placed inside the quotation marks) 2. Indirect quotation: When the quotation is incomplete or the quotation is part of the text, the end of the sentence (except question marks and exclamation marks) should be placed outside the quotation marks. Or not. There are two situations. (1) There is no need to pause before the end of the quotation, then there cannot be any dots after it. "A cold brow is pointed at a thousand people, and the head is bowed and willing to be a Confucian cow" is a portrayal of Mr. Lu Xun's actions. (2 ) There is a pause at the end of the quotation, so the period should be after the quotation mark. Hegel once pointed out that the error itself is "a necessary step in reaching its truth", which is very insightful. Another example: "Leave The photo exhibition "Living in Jinan" deeply attracted the audience. The alleys, the springs, the green grass and moss have become hard-to-find shadows - it can be said that "the memories of dreams are deep, and every street and alley is always full of love." ” (Shandong Volume, 2005) (Quotations are indirect quotations, and quotations are part of the text, so the periods in quotation marks should be placed outside) 3. In addition to quotations, quotation marks are also used in the following situations: (1) To express emphasis or Quotation marks can be added to words that are highlighted. For example: Indentured workers do not have the freedom to "do" or "not do". (2) Quotation marks can be added to words that express sarcasm and negation. For example: There are several "kind" bosses Go to the market to collect some vegetable leaves and soak them in salt. This is their rare delicacy. This kind of "civilized punishment" will sometimes ask you to continue for more than two hours. (3) Words with specific titles can be added Quotation marks. For example: The people in the old base area affectionately call it "Measuring Heaven Ruler". "Lu Chai Stick" is anxious to boil the porridge in the big pot. Today is "May Day". (4) Onomatopoeia, Quotation marks should be used for transliterated words. For example: The river flows with a crash. The wheels rumble with a rumble. Ordinary words should not be abused in quotation marks: in general, quotation marks indicate direct quotations in the text, some specific titles, and special meanings. Words or objects that need to be emphasized. In addition, ordinary words cannot abuse quotation marks. Example: ① When the sun is completely covered by the moon, compared with the looming comet "Hale-Bopp" like a goddess, the clear Mercury Shining next to the darkened sun, Venus and Jupiter are also in the sky. (97 Nationwide) (Remove the quotation marks and change the last comma to a semicolon to emphasize the level. The "Haier-Bopp" in the sentence is not The object to be discussed is not a word with a special meaning. Improper citation is misuse.) The first critical test of the Unit 2 nuclear reactor of "Qinshan No. 2 Nuclear Power Plant", China's first self-designed and self-built domestic commercial nuclear power plant, was obtained. Successful, it will be connected to the grid and generate electricity within the year. (College entrance examination question) (Roads, stations, projects, etc. named after place names do not need to use quotation marks, such as "Beijing-Guangzhou Railway", "Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station", "Three Gorges Project", etc., so in this sentence The quotation marks should be deleted) Do not use quotation marks for non-direct quotations. Example: Wu Ming said to me in the morning: "He sprained his foot and cannot come to class today." (This is obviously an indirect quotation (paraphrasing). If it is a direct quotation It can only be "My feet... can't come to class." Therefore, the quotation marks should be removed and the colon should be changed to a comma) Note: 1. If there is a question mark or exclamation mark at the end of the quotation, both direct quotation and indirect quotation should be placed within the quotation marks. We The slogan is "Long live the great unity of the Chinese people!" He saw her face soaked with tears and said, "Are you crying?" As soon as I entered the classroom, I saw "Are you wasting your time?" " slogan. Ruda walked to the door and shouted "Zheng Tu! "After experiencing blow after blow, he fell and got up, forever"

Don't think of anything to stop me! "Such a sentence. (The quotation is part of the author's language, and the exclamation mark is retained.) 2. If the quotation is an independent sentence and the meaning is complete, the period mark at the end of the sentence is placed inside the quotation marks. The quotation is incomplete, or the quotation is a part of his own words. This The period mark at the end of the sentence (except for question marks and exclamations) is placed outside the back quotation marks. For example: I am reminded of the poem by Jia Dao of the Tang Dynasty: "Only in this mountain, the clouds are deep and I don't know where to go." When writing articles, you should be "plain and clear." Strange, common characters reveal danger, old characters reveal novelty, simple characters reveal color." Robert Schumann said: "A pound of iron is only worth a few cents, but after tempering, it can be made into thousands of clock springs worth Thousands". Therefore, he advised people to "make good use of the pound of iron given to you by nature." Analysis: The first period is moved inside the quotation marks (the quotation is independent), and the second period is moved outside the quotation marks (the quotation is not independent). People often say: "The east rainbow booms and the west rainbow rains." (The words in the quotation marks are independent, and the period behind them is part of the quotation and should be placed inside the quotation marks.) The cuckoo began to sing, and the working people understood what it was singing: "Grandpa and grandma." ", cut the wheat and plant the corn". (The words in the quotation marks are not independent. They are a component of the whole sentence, and the independence is removed. The period at the end of the sentence is the period of the whole sentence, placed outside the quotation marks.) The horses in the paintings of modern painter Xu Beihong are just like As some critics said, "The spirit and form are all there, full of vitality." Lu You's poem says: "If you want to learn poetry, you have to work on poetry." 3. A rather special situation, when the quoted content is independent If it is a component sentence, but there are several statements in front of it, the period mark is also outside the quotation marks. Use this period to complete the sentence. Example: Chen Xiaoyi said that her cooperation with Fan Wei was very good, "When Jin was filming , I feel that Lao Fan’s acting is really good. I will tell people when I go back after filming every day.” 4. When the quotation is an indirect quotation, there should not be a colon before the quotation marks. For example: There are many times in a person’s life when it is necessary to pass a written communication. Introduce others: “Who am I? ” or “What plan do I have?” "Such a question, so modern people have more reasons to learn composition well. (2004 National Volume III) (The colon before the quotation marks in the example sentence should be removed. It should be noted that the usage of the two question marks in the quotation is correct. 5. When there is a quotation within the quotation, the external one is used.