What is the rank of the captain of the SWAT team?

Ordinary provincial capital prefecture-level cities: Special Police Detachment Captain (Deputy Division), Deputy Detachment Leader (Main Section), Special Police Detachment First Team Leader (Deputy Section)

Special Police (Special Police) are police officers The special elites in the sequence have been strictly selected and trained, and have special equipment and relevant authorizations. They are responsible for handling various high-risk tasks - rescuing hostages, attacking terrorists, solving hijackings, and attacking various gangsters with powerful firepower. wait. The special police force's requirements for the personal qualities of each member and for weapons and equipment are much higher than those of ordinary law enforcement units. Common special police equipment includes submachine guns, sniper rifles, shotguns, body armor, bulletproof helmets, tear gas, and portable door-breaking tools. Nowadays, all countries have established their own special police forces to deal with serious emergencies of violence. The emergence of special police forces is inseparable from the continuous improvement of the destructive capabilities of criminals. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the rapid development of science and technology has made weapons gradually miniaturized, portable and automated, and their destructive power has become increasingly greater. Due to various reasons such as traditional habits, lack of management, and war, a large number of weapons have flowed into the civilian population and become effective "accomplices" in violent crimes.

In the United States in the 1930s, robbers armed with submachine guns and driving cars to commit crimes could be found almost all over the country. The police, who have limited firepower and combat skills, are obviously unable to cope with this situation, and the army with powerful firepower is limited by the Posse Comitatus Act (also known as the Guard Corps Act) passed by Congress in 1873. , cannot interfere with domestic security work (most countries now have strict restrictions on the use of the military in the country). This means that in the face of serious violent crimes and gangsters armed with heavy firepower, the police can only solve them alone. Under pressure, the American police began to Equipped with submachine guns and other high-injury weapons.

In the United States during this period, depending on the severity of the situation, police officers with higher shooting skills were usually temporarily deployed, and civilian volunteers were called in to form special operations teams. Although such a team has limited combat effectiveness and low efficiency, it can barely cope with the situation at the time. On August 1, 1966, retired Marine Charles Whitman, after killing his mother and wife, climbed a tower on the University of Texas at Austin campus and sniped at divisions on the campus with a rifle. born. Although the police arrived on the scene quickly, they were helpless due to a lack of experience and tactics to deal with such well-trained gunmen. The chaos lasted for a long time. In the end, a death squad composed of police and citizens with aspirations forced their way onto the tower and shot Charles Whitman to death with a shotgun. In this incident, a total of 15 people were shot dead by Charles Whitman and 31 were injured. The police's incompetence was severely criticized by public opinion and became a landmark event in the history of the development of the SWAT force.

The world’s first true SWAT team was established in 1967 by Officer Daryl Gates of the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD). Its name is abbreviated as SWAT. SWAT originally stood for Special Weapons Assault Team (Special Armed Assault Team), but Officer Daryl Gates's boss, then-LAPD Deputy Chief Edward M. Davis, and other senior leaders believed that the name was too violent and contrary to the police's mission. The principle of action easily aroused public resentment, so the name was changed to Special Weapons And Tactics (Special Weapons and Tactics).

SWAT was established with the assistance of the U.S. Marine Corps. By combining military tactical skills with police characteristics, it developed a set of urban combat technologies suitable for law enforcement operations. SWAT initially had 6 teams, each with 5 people - including team leader, sniper, observer, scout and backup.

In August 1969, SWAT was ordered to arrest a criminal organization called the Black Panther Party. When they arrived at the junction of 41st Street and Central Avenue, they encountered members of the criminal organization head-on. encountered and received fire resistance from the other party. During the gun battle, both sides used more than 5,000 rounds of ammunition. In the end, the criminals abandoned their weapons and surrendered because they ran out of ammunition.

In May 1974, SWAT was ordered to raid the 54th Street apartment for a hostage rescue operation - the daughter of a wealthy businessman was kidnapped by a criminal organization. While the negotiators were negotiating, the gangsters suddenly opened fire on the police, and a gunfight broke out. Two hours later, a fire broke out accidentally. In the end, the hostages were successfully rescued, but the six gangsters in the house were burned to death in the fire. After these two incidents, all sectors of society and relevant authorities have realized the importance of precise deployment and good use of strategies. The police are different from the army. Suppression by firepower alone will only cause unnecessary casualties. Since then, SWAT has added the two numbers 41 and 54 to the team's team to remember the lesson.

This pioneering law enforcement unit configuration of the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) has brought excellent law enforcement results. In just a few years, police stations across the United States have established similar special police units. mechanism. Police districts vary in size and SWAT team composition varies. Today, about 90% of SWAT units in the United States have no more than 20 full-time members, and most of them have less than 10 full-time members. SWAT units, usually located in close proximity to police stations, can provide rapid mutual support when the situation requires it.

In the late 1980s, the social security situation continued to change, and serious violent crimes and border terrorist activities began to slowly breed, including the Baiyangou Shootout, the Two Kings of the Northeast, the Luoyang Yellow River Bridge Bus Hijacking Tragedy, and the Yu Shuangge Holding Incident in Shanghai. Some violent criminal crimes with serious consequences such as gun robbery cases are deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. In accordance with the instructions of the Ministry of Public Security on the establishment of special forces to deal with serious violent crimes, Foshan City, Guangdong Province took the lead in establishing China's first public security special police team at the end of 1988. After the establishment of this team, more than 20 experts with excellent military qualities were mobilized from various departments such as the South China Sea Fleet, a brigade of the Marine Corps, and a reconnaissance battalion of a certain group army to serve as the first generation of backbone members of the SWAT team.